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Wojnicki, I., Komnata, K., & Kotulski, L. |
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Comparative Study of Road Lighting Efficiency in the Context of CEN/TR 13201 2004 and 2014 Lighting Standards and Dynamic Control |
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2019 |
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Energies |
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12 |
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8 |
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1-14 |
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Economics; Energy; Lighting; Planning |
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This paper presents a comparative study of differences in energy consumption while applying 2004 and 2014 releases of the CEN/TR 13201 standard for lighting designs. Street lighting optimal design and its optimization is discussed. To provide a reliable comparison, optimal designs for a given representative set of streets were calculated. The optimization was performed by newly developed software. As a test bed, a set of streets was selected with varying physical and traffic characteristics. The energy consumption was measured on the same set of streets both statically, which assumed the same lighting levels throughout night, and with a dynamic control, which adjusted lighting based on traffic intensity. For experiments with the dynamic control, one year of traffic intensity data were used. The findings confirm increased economical impact of dynamic control for the 2014 standard, which results in significant energy saving. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2348 |
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Chang, C., Chang, K., & Fu, W. |
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Testing of Various Monochromatic LED Lights Used in Supplemental Irradiation of Lettuce in Modern urban Rooftop Polytunnels |
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2019 |
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Applied Engineering in Agriculture |
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Plants |
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Urban farming could provide both vegetable growers and urban dwellers in general with more direct access to various fresh vegetables. Nevertheless, certain challenging problems associated with urban farming, including a lack of cultivation space and the effects of urban heat islands, must still be solved. Relatedly, a grower must, in some cases, also know how to utilize various forms of technology, such as lighting systems, as well as factors such as water availability. In this study, an original rooftop polytunnel design for lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Lollo Rosso) cultivation equipped with a hydroponic system and light emitting diodes (LEDs) is proposed. Various monochromatic lights were also tested for their effects on different quality parameters of lettuce. Specifically, supplemental red (655 nm), blue (445 nm), green (520 nm), and ultraviolet (380 nm) LED lights were used at night to apply photon fluxes of 150, 150, 150, and 20 μmol．m-2．s-1, respectively. The resulting effects of these different colored LEDs on the pigment concentration and growth response of the lettuce grown inside the roof polytunnel were then investigated. The experiment was then repeated several times with different environmental parameters in order to compare the effects of the different light wavelengths under higher temperatures and higher natural irradiation conditions.The results indicated that supplemental red or blue light at night could be strategically employed to maintain low nitrate levels and enhance the nutritional value and growth of lettuce grown in roof polytunnels. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2349 |
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Wang, W., & Cao, C. |
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NOAA-20 VIIRS DNB Aggregation Mode Change: Prelaunch Efforts and On-Orbit Verification/Validation Results |
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2019 |
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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
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12 |
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7 |
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Remote Sensing; Radiometry; Earth; Satellite broadcasting; US Government agencies; Geology; Detectors; VIIRS-DNB |
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The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on-board the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-20 (NOAA-20, previously named Joint Polar Satellite System-1 or J1) satellite was successfully launched in late 2017, following six years of a successful operation by its predecessor on the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) satellite. NOAA-20 VIIRS day/night band (DNB) adopts a new on-board aggregation option (Op21), which is different from S-NPP DNB (using Op32), to mitigate high non-linearity at high scan angles, observed in its radiometric response during prelaunch test. As a result, NOAA-20 VIIRS DNB has a larger scan angle at the end of scan (∼60.5°) and exhibits a unique feature, i.e., ∼600 km extended Earth view (EV) samples, compared to S-NPP DNB and other VIIRS bands. VIIRS geolocation (GEO) algorithm and geometric calibration parameters were analyzed in-depth and subsequently modified to accommodate the NOAA-20 VIIRS DNB aggregation mode change. The GEO code change was tested using S-NPP data; S-NPP DNB simulated J1 DNB radiance and limited J1 prelaunch test data. After the launch, it was further verified using NOAA-20 VIIRS on-orbit observations. Our results show that the prelaunch VIIRS GEO code change performs well. GEO validation results using nighttime point sources show that NOAA-20 DNB GEO errors are comparable to those for S-NPP DNB over the nominal EV range, with averaged nadir equivalent GEO errors less than 200 m after on-bit updates. Over the extended EV samples (scan angle > 56.06°), the averaged GEO errors are less than 500 m. Moreover, NOAA-20 VIIRS DNB radiometric calibration performance is comparable to S-NPP. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2350 |
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Zielinska-Dabkowska, K. M., & Schieck, A. F. |
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Designing digital displays and interactive media in today’s cities by night. Do we know enough about attracting attention to do so? |
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2018 |
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Conscious Cities Anthology |
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Commentary; Lighting |
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With the huge transformation in the development of digital screen technology and its consistently decreasing cost, digital billboards are progressively replacing traditional static, two-dimensional poster advertisements in our cities1. Previously, due to the substantial expenditure involved, they were only available to major international brands with vast promotional resources to build their brand fame. Today, however, they are being used increasingly by advertisers to deliver all kinds of messages from simple ones to more sophisticated, interactive storytelling. Soon, however, even newer ways of purchasing advertisements using computers will be introduced by the outdoor media industry to address the public, so potentially everybody will be able to rent out available advertising space and communicate the message. But are we ready for this next step? As there are no proper guidelines or regulations in place for this new medium in the urban realm, today we are facing issues such as no integration of the display’s location into the built environment, no specifications based on knowledge of human perception and the human centric design approach, no control over its content quality, and so called ‘display blindness’2 seems to be a common collective urban experience at night. Taking London as one of the most cutting-edge outdoor digital advertising environments in the world3 (with the largest number of these screens traditionally located in or in close proximity to Piccadilly Circus) this paper discusses various aspects of this new medium. Besides the layout and geometry of the space, it also focuses on navigation and attracting the visual attention of passers-by at night in a practical human oriented context. Additionally, questions regarding complex sensory, social, special and interactional issues and the necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration have been addressed. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2351 |
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Singhal, R. K., Kumar, M., & Bose, B. |
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Ecophysiological Responses of Artificial Night Light Pollution in Plants |
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2018 |
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Russian Journal of Plant Physiology |
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Plants |
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Early in the 20th century, disparate human developmental processes culminate excess artificial light during night time and distort the phenological, physiological and ecological responses, which are sustained in the plants, animals and microorganism from millions of years. Earlier studies regarding artificial light (AL) during the night predominantly covered the drastic effects on animal systems. Although, drastic effects of AL during night time are enormous; therefore, the present topic is focused on the physiological and ecological consequences of artificial night light pollution (ANLP) on plant systems. In these consequences, most of the plant processes under ANLP are affected intensely and cause compelling changes in plant life cycle from germination to maturity. However, severe effects were observed in the case of pollination, photoreceptor signalling, flowering and microhabitats of plants. Along with drastic effects on ecology and environments, its relevance to human developmental processes cannot be avoided. Therefore, we need to equipoise between sustainable environment and steadily human development processes. Further, selection of plant/crop species, which are more responsive to ANLP, can minimize the ecological consequences of night light pollution. Likewise, changing artificial nightscape with the implication of new LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) lightening policies like UJALA (www.ujala.gov.in), which are low cost, more durable, eco-friendly and less emitter of CO2, have potential to overcome the biodiversity threats, which arise due to old artificial lightening technology from decades. Hence, adopting new advance artificial lightening technology and understanding its impact on plant ecosystem will be a future challenge for plant biologist. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2352 |
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