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Author |
Girard, M.B.; Kasumovic, M.M.; Elias, D.O. |
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Title |
The role of red coloration and song in peacock spider courtship: insights into complex signaling systems |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Behavioral Ecology |
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in press |
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Animals |
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Research on animal signaling enhances our understanding of links between sensory processing, decision making, behavior, and evolution. Studies of sexually-selected signals may be particularly informative as mate choice provides access to decision patterns in the way that courtship leads to an easily observable behavioral output in choosers, i.e., mating. Male peacock spiders have some of the most elaborate and varied courtship displays known among animals. Particularly striking to human observers is the diversity of red, orange, and yellow ornaments that males exhibit across the genus. The primary objective of our research was to investigate how these visual ornaments interact with vibratory songs to affect female mating behavior of one species, Maratus volans. Accordingly, we conducted mating trials under a series of experimentally manipulated vibratory and lighting conditions. Contrary to expectation, chromatic characteristics of longer wavelength ornaments are not driving female mate choice decisions, despite their extensive presence on male fans. Instead, our results suggest that contrast is important to females. Additionally, we found that vibratory signals were not necessary and did not increase mating rates. Our study demonstrates the intricacies inherent in complex signaling systems. |
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1045-2249 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2027 |
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Agnew, J.; Gillespie, T.W.; Gonzalez, J.; Min, B. |
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Title |
Baghdad Nights: Evaluating the US Military ‘Surge’ Using Nighttime Light Signatures |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
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Environment and Planning A |
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Environ Plan A |
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40 |
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10 |
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2285-2295 |
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Remote Sensing; Commentary |
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0308-518X |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2028 |
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Baskaran, T.; Min, B.; Uppal, Y. |
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Title |
Election cycles and electricity provision: Evidence from a quasi-experiment with Indian special elections |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Journal of Public Economics |
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Journal of Public Economics |
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126 |
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64-73 |
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Remote Sensing; India; South Asia |
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We present evidence from India showing that state governments induce electoral cycles in electricity service provision. Our data and research strategy allow us to build on models of political business cycles and targeted distribution in two important ways. First, we demonstrate that by manipulating the flow of critical inputs into economic activity like electricity, elected leaders can influence economic outcomes even in contexts where they have constrained fiscal capacity. Second, we identify the effect of elections on electricity provision by focusing on special elections held for exogenous reasons. Our results show that state governments induce substantive increases in electricity service to constituencies that hold special elections. Manipulation of the power supply is stronger in contested constituencies and during special elections held in states where the government commands only a small majority. Overall, we find no evidence of positive welfare effects from the electoral manipulation of electricity supply. |
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0047-2727 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2029 |
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You, X.; Monahan, K.M. |
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A thirst for development: mapping water stress using night-time stable lights as predictors of province-level water stress in China |
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2017 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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49 |
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4 |
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477-485 |
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Remote Sensing |
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Given the rapid development within China, the inequality of available water resources has been increasingly of interest. Current methods for assessing water stress are inadequate for province‐scale rapid monitoring. A more responsive indicator at a finer scale is needed to understand the distribution of water stress in China. This paper selected Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Line‐scan System night‐time stable lights as a proxy for water stress at the province level in China from 2004 to 2012, as night‐time lights are closely linked with population density, electricity consumption and other social, economic and environmental indicators associated with water stress. The linear regression results showed the intensity of night‐time lights can serve as a predictive tool to assess water stress across provinces with an R2 from 0.797 to 0.854. The model worked especially well in some regions, such as East China, North China and South West China. Nonetheless, confounding factors interfered with the predictive relationship, including population density, level of economic development, natural resource endowment and industrial structures, etc. The model was not greatly improved by building a multi‐variable linear regression including agricultural and industrial indicators. A straightforward predictor of water stress using remotely sensed data was developed. |
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0004-0894 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2030 |
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Kohiyama, M.; Hayashi, H.; Maki, N.; Higashida, M.; Kroehl, H.W.; Elvidge, C.D.; Hobson, V.R. |
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Title |
Early damaged area estimation system using DMSP-OLS night-time imagery |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
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International Journal of Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
International Journal of Remote Sensing |
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25 |
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11 |
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2015-2036 |
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Remote Sensing |
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The disaster information system, the Early Damaged Area Estimation System (EDES), was developed to estimate damaged areas of natural disaster using the night-time imagery of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS). The system employs two estimation methods to detect the city lights loss or reduction as possible impacted areas; one is the bi-temporal images (BTI) method and the other is the time-series images (TSI) method. Both methods are based on significance tests assuming that brightness of city lights fluctuates as normal random variables, and the BTI method is simplified by introducing the assumption that the standard deviation of city lights fluctuation is constant. The validity of the estimation method is discussed based on the result of the application to the 2001 Western India earthquake disaster. The estimation results identify the damaged areas distant from the epicentre fairly well, especially when using the TSI method. The system is designed to estimate the global urban damage and to provide geographic information through the Internet within 24 h after a severe disaster event. The information is expected to support the disaster response and relief activities of governments and non-governmental organizations. |
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0143-1161 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2031 |
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