| Records |
| Author |
Leonard, J.P.; Tewes, M.E.; Lombardi, J.V.; Wester, D.W.; Campbell, T.A. |
| Title |
Effects of sun angle, lunar illumination, and diurnal temperature on temporal movement rates of sympatric ocelots and bobcats in South Texas |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
PloS one |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages  |
e0231732 |
| Keywords |
Animals; moonlight |
| Abstract |
Sympatric ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) and bobcats (Lynx rufus) in South Texas show substantial overlap in body size, food habits, and habitat use. Consequently, we explore whether temporal niche partitioning may explain ocelot and bobcat coexistence. We investigated the influence of sun angle, lunar illumination, and maximum diurnal temperature on temporal movement rates of sympatric ocelots (n = 8) and bobcats (n = 6) using a combination of high-frequency GPS locations and bi-axial accelerometer data. We demonstrated that accelerometer data could be used to predict movement rates, providing a nearly continuous measure of animal activity and supplementing GPS locations. Ocelots showed a strong nocturnal activity pattern with the highest movement rates at night whereas bobcats showed a crepuscular activity pattern with the highest movement rates occurring around sunrise and sunset. Although bobcat activity levels were lower during the day, bobcat diurnal activity was higher than ocelot diurnal activity. During warmer months, bobcats were more active on nights with high levels of lunar illumination. In contrast, ocelots showed the highest nocturnal activity levels during periods of low lunar illumination. Ocelots showed reduced diurnal activity on hotter days. Our results indicate that ocelot and bobcat coexistence in South Texas can be partially explained by temporal niche partitioning, although both felids showed periods of overlapping activity during nocturnal and crepuscular periods. |
| Address |
East Foundation, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America |
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English |
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1932-6203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:32324759 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2891 |
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| Author |
Cisse, Y.M.; Russart, K.; Nelson, R.J. |
| Title |
Exposure to dim light at night prior to conception attenuates offspring innate immune responses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
PloS one |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e0231140 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Functional circadian timekeeping is necessary for homeostatic control of the immune system and appropriate immune responsiveness. Disruption of natural light-dark cycles, through light at night (LAN), impairs innate and adaptive immune responses in nocturnal rodents. These altered immune responses are associated with disrupted endogenous gene transcriptional and endocrine cycles. However, few studies have addressed the multigenerational consequences of systemic circadian rhythm disruption. We hypothesized that parental exposure to dim LAN (dLAN) would alter innate immune and sickness responses to an endotoxin challenge in adult offspring gestated and reared in dark nights. Adult male and female Siberian hamsters were exposed to either dark nights (DARK) or dLAN (~5 lux) for 8 weeks, then paired, mated, and thereafter housed under dark nights. Maternal exposure to dLAN prior to conception impaired febrile responses and increased splenic il-1 production in response to LPS in male offspring. Paternal pre-conception dLAN dampened offspring tnf-alpha expression in the hypothalamus, reduced serum bactericidal capacity, and dark phase locomotor activity. These changes occurred despite offspring being conceived, gestated, and reared under standard dark night conditions. Overall, these data suggest that dLAN has intergenerational effects on innate immunity and sickness responses. |
| Address |
Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America |
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English |
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1932-6203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:32302341 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2887 |
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| Author |
Roman, M.O.; Stokes, E.C.; Shrestha, R.; Wang, Z.; Schultz, L.; Carlo, E.A.S.; Sun, Q.; Bell, J.; Molthan, A.; Kalb, V.; Ji, C.; Seto, K.C.; McClain, S.N.; Enenkel, M. |
| Title |
Satellite-based assessment of electricity restoration efforts in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
PloS one |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
| Volume |
14 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
e0218883 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
A real-time understanding of the distribution and duration of power outages after a major disaster is a precursor to minimizing their harmful consequences. Here, we develop an approach for using daily satellite nighttime lights data to create spatially disaggregated power outage estimates, tracking electricity restoration efforts after disasters strike. In contrast to existing utility data, these estimates are independent, open, and publicly-available, consistently measured across regions that may be serviced by several different power companies, and inclusive of distributed power supply (off-grid systems). We apply the methodology in Puerto Rico following Hurricane Maria, which caused the longest blackout in US history. Within all of the island's settlements, we track outages and recovery times, and link these measures to census-based demographic characteristics of residents. Our results show an 80% decrease in lights, in total, immediately after Hurricane Maria. During the recovery, a disproportionate share of long-duration power failures (> 120 days) occurred in rural municipalities (41% of rural municipalities vs. 29% of urban municipalities), and in the northern and eastern districts. Unexpectedly, we also identify large disparities in electricity recovery between neighborhoods within the same urban area, based primarily on the density of housing. For many urban areas, poor residents, the most vulnerable to increased mortality and morbidity risks from power losses, shouldered the longest outages because they lived in less dense, detached housing where electricity restoration lagged. The approach developed in this study demonstrates the potential of satellite-based estimates of power recovery to improve the real-time monitoring of disaster impacts, globally, at a spatial resolution that is actionable for the disaster response community. |
| Address |
Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America |
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English |
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1932-6203 |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:31251791 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2564 |
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| Author |
Andrade-Pacheco, R.; Savory, D.J.; Midekisa, A.; Gething, P.W.; Sturrock, H.J.W.; Bennett, A. |
| Title |
Household electricity access in Africa (2000-2013): Closing information gaps with model-based geostatistics |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
PloS one |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
| Volume |
14 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e0214635 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Household electricity access data in Africa are scarce, particularly at the subnational level. We followed a model-based Geostatistics approach to produce maps of electricity access between 2000 and 2013 at a 5 km resolution. We collated data from 69 nationally representative household surveys conducted in Africa and incorporated nighttime lights imagery as well as land use and land cover data to produce maps of electricity access between 2000 and 2013. The information produced here can be an aid for understanding of how electricity access has changed in the region during this 14 year period. The resolution and the continental scale makes it possible to combine these data with other sources in applications in the socio-economic field, both at a local or regional level. |
| Address |
Malaria Elimination Initiative, Institute for Global Health Sciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States of America |
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English |
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1932-6203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:31042727; PMCID:PMC6493706 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2531 |
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| Author |
Lu, Y.; Coops, N.C. |
| Title |
Bright lights, big city: Causal effects of population and GDP on urban brightness |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
PloS one |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
e0199545 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Cities are arguably both the cause, and answer, to societies' current sustainability issues. Urbanization is the interplay between a city's physical growth and its socio-economic development, both of which consume a substantial amount of energy and resources. Knowledge of the underlying driver(s) of urban expansion facilitates not only academic research but, more importantly, bridges the gap between science, policy drafting, and practical urban management. An increasing number of researchers are recognizing the benefits of innovative remotely sensed datasets, such as nighttime lights data (NTL), as a proxy to map urbanization and subsequently examine the driving socio-economic variables in cities. We further these approaches, by taking a trans-pacific view, and examine how an array of socio-economic ind0icators of 25 culturally and economically important urban hubs relate to long term patterns in NTL for the past 21 years. We undertake a classic econometric approach-panel causality tests which allow analysis of the causal relationships between NTL and socio-economic development across the region. The panel causality test results show a contrasting effect of population and gross domestic product (GDP) on NTL in fast, and slowly, changing cities. Information derived from this study quantitatively chronicles urban activities in the pan-Pacific region and potentially offers data for studies that spatially track local progress of sustainable urban development goals. |
| Address |
Integrated Remote Sensing Studio, Forest Recourses Management, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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English |
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1932-6203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:29995923 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1963 |
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