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Author |
Ehlert, K.; Piepenbring, M.; Kollar, A. |
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Title |
Ascospore release in apple scab underlies infrared sensation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Fungal Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Fungal Biol |
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Volume |
121 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1054-1062 |
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Keywords |
Plants |
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Abstract |
The agent of apple scab disease (Venturia inaequalis) is the most common pathogen in apple cultivation. Its ascospores are released in spring, mainly during daylight hours and triggered by rain events. To investigate the causes of diurnal rhythm of ascospore dissemination of the apple scab fungus ascospore releases were examined continuously with spore traps in the orchard and with laboratory assays. One of the spore traps was illuminated at night with different light sources in each year during 2011-2015. The laboratory assays were performed with different light sources with varying wavelengths and intensities. In field and laboratory conditions only light including infrared radiation stimulated ascospore release, but not with light in the visible spectrum only. Artificial illumination during night was correlated with an increase of up to 46 % of ascospores released overnight in the field. We proved that infrared radiation induces V. inaequalis to release its spores. This is the first report in which spore discharge could be stimulated during night under field conditions. |
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Julius Kuehn-Institut, Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Schwabenheimer Strasse 101, 69221 Dossenheim, Germany |
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English |
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1878-6146 |
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PMID:29122177 |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2454 |
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Author |
Tinus, R. W. |
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Title |
Effects of Extended Photoperiod on Southern Rocky Mountain Engelmann Spruce and Douglas-fir |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1981 |
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Tree Planters' Notes |
Abbreviated Journal |
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32 |
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4 |
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Plants |
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Four sources of Engelmann spruce and two of Douglas-fir were grown under eight different extended photoperiod regimes. Incandescent light 1 minute of every 15 at night at 270 lux was more effective than continuous incandescent at 1200 lux or intermittent fluorescent at 950 lux at preventing bud dormancy and maintaining continuous height growth. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2368 |
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Author |
Brown, J., Frank A. |
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Title |
Light and Molt in Weaver Finches |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1940 |
Publication |
The Auk |
Abbreviated Journal |
The Auk |
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Volume |
57 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
485-498 |
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Animals |
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0004-8038 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2366 |
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Author |
Lawrence, B.K.; Fehr, W.R. |
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Title |
Reproductive Response of Soybeans to Night Interruption1 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1981 |
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Crop Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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21 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
755 |
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Plants |
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Artificial lights may be used to delay flowering of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars. Previous research has suggested that night interruption imposed every other night would delay flowering as much as every-night interruption. Our objective was to evaluate the reproductive development of cultivars when exposed to night interruption every night compared with exposure every other night. One cultivar of each Maturity Group 00 through V was grown in the field at Ames, Iowa during 1978 and 1979. The four light treatments imposed every night or every other night included illumination with incandescent light from sunset to sunrise, 2300 to 0030 hours, 0030 to 0200 hours, or 0200 to 0330 hours. Control plots were not exposed to artificial light.
The average number of days that reproductive development was delayed beyond the control was twice as great for the every-night treatments as for the every-other-night treatments. Illumination from sunset to sunrise delayed reproductive development significantly more than the treatments of night interruption for 1.5 hours. Night interruption near the end of the dark period (0200 to 0330 hours) delayed reproductive development more than the earlier interruptions.
The results did not support the hypothesis that light treatments every other night would delay reproductive development as much as every-night interruptions. The lighting regime needed to delay reproductive development will depend on the photoperiod requirements of the cultivars and duration of the delay that is desired. |
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0011-183X |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2367 |
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Author |
Thompson, E.K.; Cullinan, N.L.; Jones, T.M.; Hopkins, G.R. |
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Title |
Effects of artificial light at night and male calling on movement patterns and mate location in field crickets |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
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Animal Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Animal Behaviour |
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158 |
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183-191 |
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Animals |
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Anthropogenic factors, such as artificial light at night (ALAN), are increasingly linked to significant modifications in animal behaviours, such as foraging or migration. However, few studies have investigated directly whether the presence of ALAN affects the ability to find a mate (mate location). One direct effect of the presence of ALAN is that it can create a light barrier in an otherwise dark environment. This may have significant behavioural implications for nocturnally active species if it affects their ability to respond to potential mates. Our study, using the acoustically orienting Australian black field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus, determined experimentally whether the presence of a fragmented light environment influenced movement patterns of virgin females and males. Moreover, given the importance of male song for reproductive outcomes in this species, we assessed simultaneously whether such behaviours were modified by the presence of a male attraction call. We found that while initiation of movement was slower in the presence of ALAN, the behavioural shifts associated with its presence were relatively small compared to the influence of a broadcast male attraction call. The response to the male attraction call was typically stronger for females than for males, but both males and females modified aspects of behaviour when it was present regardless of whether their immediate environment was fragmented by artificial light at night or not. Artificial light at night may alter subtle aspects of movement and mating behaviour in this species, but ultimately does not provide a barrier to movement or mate location. |
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0003-3472 |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2752 |
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