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Guilford, T., Padget, O., Bond, S., & Syposz, M. M. |
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Light pollution causes object collisions during local nocturnal manoeuvring flight by adult Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus |
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2019 |
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Seabird |
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31 |
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48-55 |
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Animals |
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Understanding the detrimental effects of anthropogenic light on nocturnally mobile animals is a long-standing problem in conservation biology. Seabirds such as shearwaters and petrels can be especially affected, perhaps because of their propensity to fly close to the surface, making them vulnerable to encountering anthropogenic light sources. We investigated the influence of light pollution on adult Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus at close range in foggy conditions. We recorded collisions with a building at a breeding colony for six consecutive pairs of intervals in which the house lights were left on as normal for 135 seconds, then turned off for 135 seconds. The relationship between lighting condition and collision frequency was highly significant, with a collision rate in the presence of lighting around 25 times that in its absence. Our results show that birds were clearly affected by the lights, by being either directly attracted, or disorientated during flight close to the structure. This could have been due to the light source itself, or an indirect effect of the all-round reflective glow in the fog perhaps interfering with visual or magnetic control inputs on both sides of the bird simultaneously. Our results suggest a mechanism by which the screening of artificial lights close to shearwater breeding areas, at least during foggy nights, could lead to improved welfare and survival at breeding colonies. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2357 |
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Gu, Y., Uprety, S., Blonski, S., Zhang, B., & Cao, C. |
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Improved algorithm for determining the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Day/Night Band high-gain stage dark offset free from light contamination |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Applied Optics |
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58 |
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6 |
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1400-1407 |
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Remote Sensing; Instrumentation |
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Dark offset is one of the key parameters for Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band (DNB) high-gain stage (HGS) radiometric calibration, whose accuracy strongly impacts applications of DNB low-light detection for Earth observation at nighttime. Currently, DNB observation of the VIIRS onboard calibrator blackbody (OBCBB) view, together with its observation of deep space during the spacecraft pitch maneuver performed early in the mission, has been used to compute the HGS dark offset continuously. However, the relationship between the DNB OBCBB data and the Earth view (EV) data is unclear due to electronic timing differences between these two views. It is questionable whether the DNB OBCBB data can monitor the EV HGS dark offset change. Through comprehensive analysis of the DNB OBCBB data and EV data acquired from the monthly special acquisitions known as the VIIRS recommended operating procedures (VROPs), we have shown that the OBCBB data can only track the dark current component of the DNB HGS EV dark offset, instead of the total dark offset. The DNB observation of deep space during the spacecraft pitch maneuver was also contaminated by starlight. With such background, in this paper we propose an improved algorithm for determining the DNB HGS dark offset. By combined use of the DNB OBCBB data and the DNB VROP data, the generated DNB HGS dark offset is both free from light contamination and capable of tracking continuous drift. The improved algorithm could potentially improve the DNB radiometric performance at low radiance level. Our results provide a solid theoretical basis for dark offset calibration of the VIIRS DNB onboard Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership satellite and the following Joint Polar Satellite System satellites. |
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2358 |
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Kim, T. Y., & Park, N. H. |
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Design of Path Prediction Smart Street Lighting System on the Internet of Things |
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2019 |
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Journal of the Chosun Natural Science |
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12 |
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1 |
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14-19 |
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Lighting |
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In this paper, we propose a system for controlling the brightness of street lights by predicting pedestrian paths, identifying the position of pedestrians with motion sensing sensors and obtaining motion vectors based on past walking directions, then predicting pedestrian paths through the route prediction smart street lighting system. In addition, by using motion vector data, the pre-treatment process using linear interpolation method and the fuzzy system and neural network system were designed in parallel structure to increase efficiency and the rough set was used to correct errors. It is expected that the system proposed in this paper will be effective in securing the safety of pedestrians and reducing light pollution and energy by predicting the path of pedestrians in the detection of movement of pedestrians and in conjunction with smart street lightings. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2359 |
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Kadman-Zahavi, A., & Ephrat, E. |
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The efficiency of different light sources in inducing spray carnation flowering |
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1982 |
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Scientia Horticulturae |
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18 |
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159--167 |
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Plants |
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Light from Gro-lux fluorescent lamps, as a 4-h night break, was found to be more effective than incandescent light in promoting spray carnation flowering under natural daylight conditions. When the illuminations were applied for 4 h in the middle of the night, the effectiveness of a certain amount of radiant energy from incandescent light was found to be the same whether applied as intermittent or as continuous illumination. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2371 |
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Arnott, J. T. |
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Growth Response of White and Englemann Spruce Seedlings to Extended Photoperiod Using Three Light Intensities |
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1982 |
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Technical Report: Pacific Forestry Centre |
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Plants |
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Four seedlots of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) and three of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry), covering a range of 10 degrees of latitude and a range of altitudes, were sown in BC/ CFS Styroblocks and grown in a heated greenhouse and an unheated shadehouse, using incandescent light to provide a 19-h photoperiod. Four intensities of lighting were used: 0, 100,200, and 400 Ix. A second experiment with the same seedlots was conducted in growth rooms that were programmed to evaluate the effect of low night temperature on seedling shoot growth when the photoperiod was extended to 19 h, using a light intensity of 200 Ix.
Shoot length of white and Engelmann spruce seedlings grown under an extended daylength of 100 Ix were significantly taller than the control (0 Ix). There were no significant differences in shoot length or weight among the three intensities of light used to extend the photoperiod for all seedlots except the southern latitude-low elevation population of Engelmann spruce. The more northern populations of white spruce and the high altitude populations of Engelmann spruce did not require light intensities higher than 100 Ix to maintain apical growth. Low night temperature (7°C) did produce significantly smaller seedlings than the warm night (1SoC) regime. However, terminal resting buds of seedlings grown under the cool night regime did not form any sooner than on those seedlings grown under warm nights. |
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2372 |
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