| Records |
| Author |
Kii, M., Kronprasert, N., & Satayopas, B. |
| Title |
ESTIMATION OF TRANSPORT DEMAND USING SATELLITE IMAGE: CASE STUDY OF CHIANG MAI, THAILAND |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
International Journal of GEOMATE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
18 |
Issue  |
69 |
Pages |
111-117 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Transport demand is one of the essential datasets for urban / transport planning and policy development. However, the full size of travel demand survey requires large amount of cost, therefore the survey is merely conducted in developing countries. Their policy decision might be based on the old and limited datasets. In this study we propose a new approach to estimate transport demand using the night-time light satellite image based on the correlation of these two factors. Taking the case of Chiang Mai Metropolitan area, we found a soft relationship between the night-time light intensity and trip generation/trip attraction. Transport survey data is provided by Chiang Mai University for the year 2016. NOAA provides cloud free monthly composite of night-time light satellite image (VIIRS-DNB) by Suomi-NPP satellite of which resolution is 15 arc-second (about 500m by 500m at equator). It is spatially more precise than zones of travel demand survey and monthly frequency. Applying the relationship between transport demand and night-time light intensity, we propose a method to update the transport demand with higher spatial resolution. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2963 |
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| Author |
Quinn, G.E.; Shin, C.H.; Maguire, M.G.; Stone, R.A. |
| Title |
Myopia and ambient lighting at night |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
399 |
Issue |
6732 |
Pages |
113-114 |
| Keywords |
Human Health |
| Abstract |
Myopia, or short-sightedness, occurs when the image of distant objects, focused by the cornea and lens, falls in front of the retina. It commonly arises from excessive postnatal eye growth, particularly in the vitreous cavity. Its prevalence is increasing and now reaches 70-90% in some Asian populations1,2. As well as requiring optical correction, myopia is a leading risk factor for acquired blindness in adults because it predisposes individuals to retinal detachment, retinal degeneration and glaucoma. It typically develops in the early school years but can manifest into early adulthood2. Its aetiology is poorly understood but may involve genetic and environmental factors1,2, such as viewing close objects, although how this stimulates eye growth is not known3. We have looked at the effects of light exposure on vision, and find a strong association between myopia and night-time ambient light exposure during sleep in children before they reach two years of age. |
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0028-0836 |
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PMID:10335839 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2550 |
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Wang, G.; Vega-Rodriguez, J.; Diabate, A.; Liu, J.; Cui, C.; Nignan, C.; Dong, L.; Li, F.; Ouedrago, C.O.; Bandaogo, A.M.; Sawadogo, P.S.; Maiga, H.; Alves E Silva, T.L.; Pascini, T.V.; Wang, S.; Jacobs-Lorena, M. |
| Title |
Clock genes and environmental cues coordinate Anopheles pheromone synthesis, swarming, and mating |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
371 |
Issue |
6527 |
Pages |
411-415 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Mosquitos |
| Abstract |
Anopheles mating is initiated by the swarming of males at dusk followed by females flying into the swarm. Here, we show that mosquito swarming and mating are coordinately guided by clock genes, light, and temperature. Transcriptome analysis shows up-regulation of the clock genes period (per) and timeless (tim) in the head of field-caught swarming Anopheles coluzzii males. Knockdown of per and tim expression affects Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles stephensi male mating in the laboratory, and it reduces male An. coluzzii swarming and mating under semifield conditions. Light and temperature affect mosquito mating, possibly by modulating per and/or tim expression. Moreover, the desaturase gene desat1 is up-regulated and rhythmically expressed in the heads of swarming males and regulates the production of cuticular hydrocarbons, including heptacosane, which stimulates mating activity. |
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Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Malaria Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA. sbwang@cemps.ac.cn ljacob13@jhu.edu |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:33479155 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3298 |
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Shlesinger, T.; Loya, Y. |
| Title |
Breakdown in spawning synchrony: A silent threat to coral persistence |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
365 |
Issue |
6457 |
Pages |
1002-1007 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Coral |
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The impacts of human and natural disturbances on coral reefs are typically quantified through visible damage (e.g., reduced coral coverage as a result of bleaching events), but changes in environmental conditions may also cause damage in less visible ways. Despite the current paradigm, which suggests consistent, highly synchronized spawning events, corals that reproduce by broadcast spawning are particularly vulnerable because their reproductive phenology is governed by environmental cues. Here, we quantify coral spawning intensity during four annual reproductive seasons, alongside laboratory analyses at the polyp, colony, and population levels, and we demonstrate that, compared with historical data, several species from the Red Sea have lost their reproductive synchrony. Ultimately, such a synchrony breakdown reduces the probability of successful fertilization, leading to a dearth of new recruits, which may drive aging populations to extinction. |
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School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:31488683 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2673 |
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Gaston, K.J. |
| Title |
Lighting up the nighttime |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
362 |
Issue |
6416 |
Pages |
744-746 |
| Keywords |
Commentary |
| Abstract |
Among the most visually compelling images of the whole Earth have been those created using data obtained at night by astronauts or from satellites. The proliferation in use of electric lighting—including from industrial, commercial, municipal, and domestic sources—is striking. It sketches the spatial distribution of much of the human population, outlining a substantial proportion of the world's coastline, highlighting a multitude of towns and cities, and drawing the major highways that connect them. The data embodied in these nighttime images have been used to estimate and map levels of energy use, urbanization, and economic activity. They have also been key in focusing attention on the environmental impacts of the artificial light at night itself. Explicit steps need to be taken to limit these impacts, which vary according to the intensity, spectrum, spatial extent, and temporal dynamics of this lighting. |
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Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK. k.j.gaston@exeter.ac.uk |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:30442788 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2058 |
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