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Author |
Gaynor, K.M.; Hojnowski, C.E.; Carter, N.H.; Brashares, J.S. |
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Title |
The influence of human disturbance on wildlife nocturnality |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
360 |
Issue |
6394 |
Pages |
1232-1235 |
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Abstract |
Rapid expansion of human activity has driven well-documented shifts in the spatial distribution of wildlife, but the cumulative effect of human disturbance on the temporal dynamics of animals has not been quantified. We examined anthropogenic effects on mammal diel activity patterns, conducting a meta-analysis of 76 studies of 62 species from six continents. Our global study revealed a strong effect of humans on daily patterns of wildlife activity. Animals increased their nocturnality by an average factor of 1.36 in response to human disturbance. This finding was consistent across continents, habitats, taxa, and human activities. As the global human footprint expands, temporal avoidance of humans may facilitate human-wildlife coexistence. However, such responses can result in marked shifts away from natural patterns of activity, with consequences for fitness, population persistence, community interactions, and evolution. |
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Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA |
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AAAS |
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English |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:29903973 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1988 |
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Author |
Lammerts, W.E. |
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Title |
The effect of continuous light, high nutrient level and temperature on flowering of camellia hybrids |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1949 |
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American Camellia Yearbook |
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53-56 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2466 |
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Author |
Zheng, Q.; Weng, Q.; Wang, K. |
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Title |
Correcting the Pixel Blooming Effect (PiBE) of DMSP-OLS nighttime light imagery |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing of Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sensing of Environment |
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Volume |
240 |
Issue |
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Pages |
111707 |
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Keywords |
*instrumentation; Remote Sensing |
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Abstract |
In the last two decades, the advance in nighttime light (NTL) remote sensing has fueled a surge in extensive research towards mapping human footprints. Nevertheless, the full potential of NTL data is largely constrained by the blooming effect. In this study, we propose a new concept, the Pixel Blooming Effect (PiBE), to delineate the mutual influence of lights from a pixel and its neighbors, and an integrated framework to eliminate the PiBE in radiance calibrated DMSP-OLS datasets (DMSPgrc). First, lights from isolated gas flaring sources and a Gaussian model were used to model how the PiBE functions on each pixel through point spread function (PSF). Second, a two-stage deblurring approach (TSDA) was developed to deconvolve DMSPgrc images with Tikhonov regularization to correct the PiBE and reconstruct PiBE-free images. Third, the proposed framework was assessed by synthetic data and VIIRS imagery and by testing the resulting image with two applications. We found that high impervious surface fraction pixels (ISF > 0.6) were impacted by the highest absolute magnitude of PiBE, whereas NTL pattern of low ISF pixels (ISF < 0.2) was more sensitive to the PiBE. By using TSDA the PiBE in DMSPgrc images was effectively corrected which enhanced data variation and suppressed pseudo lights from non-built-up pixels in urban areas. The reconstructed image had the highest similarity to reference data from synthetic image (SSIM = 0.759) and VIIRS image (r = 0.79). TSDA showed an acceptable performance for linear objects (width > 1.5 km) and circular objects (radius > 0.5 km), and for NTL data with different noise levels (<0.6σ). In summary, the proposed framework offers a new opportunity to improve the quality of DMSP-OLS images and subsequently will be conducive to NTL-based applications, such as mapping urban extent, estimating socioeconomic variables, and exploring eco-impact of artificial lights. |
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0034-4257 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2940 |
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Author |
Acuto, M. |
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Title |
We need a science of the night |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
576 |
Issue |
7787 |
Pages |
339 |
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Keywords |
*Policy; *Society; *Commentary |
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Abstract |
(none) |
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Connected Cities Lab, University of Melbourne; michele.acuto(at)unimelb.edu.au |
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Springer Nature |
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English |
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English |
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0028-0836 |
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PMID:31853076 |
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Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
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2792 |
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Author |
Rayleigh, L. |
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Title |
Some Recent Work on the Light of the Night Sky1 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1928 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
122 |
Issue |
3070 |
Pages |
315-317 |
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Keywords |
Airglow; Natural Sky Brightness |
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Abstract |
T is now well known that the light of the night sky has little in common with the day sky. When the sun is 18° below the horizon, and the moon also below the horizon, night conditions may be considered to be established. A clear sky is of course necessary for the study of the luminosity. Unlike the day sky, it is found to exhibit very little polarisation. The intensity is considerably below the threshold of colour vision, and subjective impressions about its colour, which is sometimes described by imaginative writers as blue, have no basis in reality. |
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0028-0836 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3123 |
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