| Records |
| Author |
Rybnikova, N.; Stevens, R.G.; Gregorio, D.I.; Samociuk, H.; Portnov, B.A. |
| Title |
Kernel density analysis reveals a halo pattern of breast cancer incidence in Connecticut |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology |
| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
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Pages |
143-151 |
| Keywords |
Human Health; Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Breast cancer (BC) incidence rates in Connecticut are among the highest in the United States, and are unevenly distributed within the state. Our goal was to determine whether artificial light at night (ALAN) played a role. Using BC records obtained from the Connecticut Tumor Registry, we applied the double kernel density (DKD) estimator to produce a continuous relative risk surface of a disease throughout the State. A multi-variate analysis compared DKD and census track estimates with population density, fertility rate, percent of non-white population, population below poverty level, and ALAN levels. The analysis identified a “halo” geographic pattern of BC incidence, with the highest rates of the disease observed at distances 5-15 km from the state's major cities. The “halo” was of high-income communities, with high ALAN, located in suburban fringes of the state's main cities. |
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1877-5845 |
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| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1961 |
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| Author |
Schuler, L.D.; Schatz, R.; Berweger, C.D. |
| Title |
From global radiance to an increased local political awareness of light pollution |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Policy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environmental Science & Policy |
| Volume |
89 |
Issue |
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Pages |
142-152 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing; Public Safety; Animals |
| Abstract |
We present a novel transparent method to analyze measurements of the Suomi NPP (Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership) satellite in night vision, into luminous intensity and luminance on the community level, with a special focus to address light planners and non-experts, and for the first time, to further address politicians, decision-makers and law-makers, and governmental agencies. We checked the propagated efficiency of road lighting and its impact on luminous flux, and identified a waste of light emissions in the largest city of Switzerland, Zurich. We looked at security (issues like criminal acts) and found no correlation with communities’ luminous intensity. We assessed road safety (accidents) against local luminance and found no evidence of darkness being more risky when the overall distribution of illuminance on roads is considered. We screened crayfish habitats in the Canton of Zurich against local illuminance and found clear evidence of preferred darkness for the living. Based on this finding, we propose an upper limit for light immissions in the crayfish habitats. These four analyses have been chosen to demonstrate the usefulness of Suomi NPP's coverage in combination with our approach. We could apply it to ecological, social and economical topics. We hope others will follow and we can draw more attention of governments to take action to reduce the light pollution on local levels, like Langnau am Albis of Switzerland has exemplified. |
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1462-9011 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1965 |
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| Author |
Grubisic, M. |
| Title |
Waters under Artificial Lights: Does Light Pollution Matter for Aquatic Primary Producers? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
76-81 |
| Keywords |
Ecology |
| Abstract |
Bright night lights have become a symbol of development and prosperity in the modern world. But have you ever wondered how artificial light at night (ALAN) may be affecting living beings in our cities, and how it may be affecting us? As artificial illumination is transforming nocturnal environments around the world, light pollution associated with its use is becoming a topic of increasing interest in the scientific and public communities. Light pollution disrupts natural light regimes in many regions of the world, raising concerns about ecological and health impacts of this novel anthropogenic pressure. Most obviously, ALAN can influence night‐active animals in urban and suburban areas, and most research in this growing field focuses on terrestrial organisms such as bats, birds, and insects. Effects on aquatic ecosystems are much less known. In particular, aquatic primary producers, such as microalgae, cyanobacteria, and plants, have rarely been studied despite their critical positioning in the base of aquatic food webs and the fundamental role that light plays in their ecology. For primary producers, light is a key source of both energy and environmental information; it influences their growth, production, and community structure. ALAN has therefore a large potential to influence their communities and induce bottom‐up changes to aquatic ecosystems and ecosystem functions. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1966 |
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Wilson, P.; Thums, M.; Pattiaratchi, C.; Meekan, M.; Pendoley, K.; Fisher, R.; Whiting, S. |
| Title |
Artificial light disrupts the nearshore dispersal of neonate flatback turtles Natator depressus |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. |
| Volume |
600 |
Issue |
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Pages |
179-192 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
After emerging from nests, neonate sea turtles entering the water are thought to orientate away from shore using wave cues to guide them out to sea. Artificial light may interfere with this process, but the relative importance of natural and anthropogenic cues to the dispersal of hatchlings is unknown. Here, we used acoustic telemetry to track the movement of flatback turtle (Natator depressus) hatchlings dispersing through nearshore waters. Turtles dispersed in the presence and absence of artificial light through a receiver array where a range of oceanographic variables were measured. Turtle tracks were analysed using a full subsets Generalised Additive Mixed Model approach to identify the most important cues influencing the bearing, variance in bearing (a measure of the ability to orientate directly), rate of travel and time spent in the array. Artificial light reduced their swim speed by up to 30%, increased the amount of time spent in nearshore waters (by 50–150%) and increased the variance in bearing (100–180% more variable), regardless of oceanographic conditions. Under ambient conditions, ocean currents affected the bearing of hatchlings as they left the shore, but when light was present, this effect was diminished, showing turtles actively swam against currents in their attempts to move towards light. After accounting for the effects of currents on hatchlings dispersing under ambient conditions, turtles swam offshore by moving perpendicular to the coastline and did not appear to orient into incident wave direction. Overall, light disrupted the dispersal of hatchlings causing them to linger, become disoriented in the near shore and expend energy swimming against ocean currents. |
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0171-8630 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1967 |
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| Author |
Ngarambe, J.; Lim, H.S.; Kim, G. |
| Title |
Light Pollution: Is there an Environmental Kuznets Curve? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Sustainable Cities and Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sustainable Cities and Society |
| Volume |
42 |
Issue |
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Pages |
337-343 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing; Economics; Lighting |
| Abstract |
Light pollution is ranked high among recent forms of environmental degradation. While there have been many studies focusing on the diverse effects of artificial lighting on human health, wild life, etc., studies related to the social-economic impact of light pollution have been neglected. In the current paper, we assessed the relationship between economic development and light pollution. Using collected field data of illuminance levels as a measure of light pollution and land prices as an indicator of economic development, we drew conclusions about the effects of economic development on light pollution. The results did not show an inverted-U relationship between the two variables, hence denouncing the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory. A regression analysis test showed an R-squared value of 0.322 at p > 0.215. Looking at the obtained results, which show no statistical significance between the two variables, we advise that local light pollution regulation laws and policies be equally stringent throughout districts/cities, regardless of economic status. |
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2210-6707 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1969 |
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