| Records |
| Author |
Aboushelib, M.F.; Abozaid, A.A.; Nawar, S.; Hendy, Y.H.M.; Morcos, A.B. |
| Title |
Preliminary site selection for an observatory in the Egyptian Eastern Desert |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication  |
Astrophysics and Space Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Astrophys Space Sci |
| Volume |
364 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
163 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow; Astronomy; Observatory; Egypt; Africa; Sky Quality Meter |
| Abstract |
This work aims for choosing preliminary sites that can be candidates for a new astronomical observatory that will replace the Kottamia observatory. The candidate sites have been selected to be investigated after proposing a few criteria. Concerning light pollution and elevation of the sites as the main factors, we chose the candidate sites depending on the zenith sky brightness and the elevation. The night sky brightness has been measured using a Sky Quality Meter at different altitude degrees and the values of the zenith sky brightness were compared to those of different observatory sites. Our night sky brightness observations were found to be in agreement with the satellite’s data and comparable to those of dark sites, with average values of 22.07, 22.03, 21.57 and 21.58 magSQM/arcsec2. We also have obtained the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and extinction coefficient due to the aerosol for the candidate sites using satellite data (Terra/MODIS). |
| Address |
National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt; m.f.aboushelib(at)nriag.sci.eg |
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| Publisher |
Springer |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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| ISSN |
0004-640X |
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no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2690 |
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| Author |
Kretzer, D. M.; Walczak, M. |
| Title |
The Impact of Vertical Densification on Public Lighting in Informal Settlements: Using Virtual Environments as an Evaluation Tool for Policy Making |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Athens Journal of Architecture |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
in press |
| Keywords |
Lighting |
| Abstract |
There are a variety of reasons to support the premise that public lighting is beneficial to urban communities. At the same time, a key challenge for the provision of public lighting in informal settlements is their constant physical transformation. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the application of virtual environments (VEs) in lighting planning and policy making. Despite the fact that VEs offer the opportunity to explore an environment by freely navigating through it, including environments that change over time, this feature is rarely taken into account in decision-making processes. A VE-based analysis tool for informal settlement lighting is presented using a case-study street in the informal settlement of Caracolí in Bogotá as its basis. The main data set for the VE scenarios was comprised of results from a household survey, spatial measurements, and participant observations as well as luminous intensity distribution curves. The household survey was used to collect time-related data on the incremental construction of Caracoli's informal dwellings, which was then projected into past, present, and future night-time scenarios. The lighting quality of these different scenarios was systematically evaluated via lighting calculation software, revealing a variety of shortcomings caused by the current lighting approach. Based on these findings, an alternative lighting approach was developed and re-examined using lighting calculations. Finally, custom game-engine technology and GPU computing were deployed, which allowed for real-time visualisation of the different lighting scenarios and their lighting quality. This setup therefore enables fast iterative feedback loops for current and future lighting policy scenarios and the resulting lighting design. In the first instance, a VE can illustrate well how current lighting policy results in a significant delay of lighting provision in the early stage of a settlement as well as highlight the mismatch between lighting technology and the built environment during the vertical densification phases. Second, the VE is able to showcase alternative lighting technologies and policy approaches as well as the resulting lighting effects, enabling a visual comparison of different policy scenarios over several decades. In conclusion it will be argued that the dynamic VE technology appears to be a promising decision-making tool for illustrating potential planning and design shortcomings to policy stakeholders in a manner understandable to the layman. |
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no |
| Call Number |
UP @ altintas1 @ |
Serial |
3226 |
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| Author |
Paranunzio, R.; Ceola, S.; Laio, F.; Montanari, A. |
| Title |
Evaluating the Effects of Urbanization Evolution on Air Temperature Trends Using Nightlight Satellite Data |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Atmosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
Atmosphere |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
117 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Confounding factors like urbanization and land-use change could introduce uncertainty to the estimation of global temperature trends related to climate change. In this work, we introduce a new way to investigate the nexus between temporal trends of temperature and urbanization data at the global scale in the period from 1992 to 2013. We analyze air temperature data recorded from more than 5000 weather stations worldwide and nightlight satellite measurements as a proxy for urbanization. By means of a range of statistical methods, our results quantify and outline that the temporal evolution of urbanization affects temperature trends at multiple spatial scales with significant differences at regional and continental scales. A statistically significant agreement in temperature and nightlight trends is detected, especially in low and middle-income regions, where urbanization is rapidly growing. Conversely, in continents such as Europe and North America, increases in temperature trends are typically detected along with non-significant nightlight trends. |
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| ISSN |
2073-4433 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2249 |
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| Author |
Yue, J.; Perwitasari, S.; Xu, S.; Hozumi, Y.; Nakamura, T.; Sakanoi, T.; Saito, A.; Miller, S.D.; Straka, W.; Rong, P. |
| Title |
Preliminary Dual-Satellite Observations of Atmospheric Gravity Waves in Airglow |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Atmosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
Atmosphere |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
650 |
| Keywords |
Remote sensing; airglow |
| Abstract |
Atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) are among the important energy and momentum transfer mechanisms from the troposphere to the middle and upper atmosphere. Despite their understood importance in governing the structure and dynamics of these regions, mesospheric AGWs remain poorly measured globally, and largely unconstrained in numerical models. Since late 2011, the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) Visible/Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) day–night band (DNB) has observed global AGWs near the mesopause by virtue of its sensitivity to weak emissions of the OH* Meinel bands. The wave features, detectable at 0.75 km spatial resolution across its 3000 km imagery swath, are often confused by the upwelling emission of city lights and clouds reflecting downwelling nightglow. The Ionosphere, Mesosphere, upper Atmosphere and Plasmasphere (IMAP)/ Visible and near-Infrared Spectral Imager (VISI) O2 band, an independent measure of the AGW structures in nightglow based on the International Space Station (ISS) during 2012–2015, contains much less noise from the lower atmosphere. However, VISI offers much coarser resolution of 14–16 km and a narrower swath width of 600 km. Here, we present preliminary results of comparisons between VIIRS/DNB and VISI observations of AGWs, focusing on several concentric AGW events excited by the thunderstorms over Eastern Asia in August 2013. The comparisons point toward suggested improvements for future spaceborne airglow sensor designs targeting AGWs. |
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2073-4433 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
3347 |
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Umar, M.; Atif, S.; Hildebrandt, M.L.; Tahir, A.; Azmat, M.; Zeeshan, M. |
| Title |
Trends of Aerosol Optical Thickness Using VIIRS S-NPP During Fog Episodes in Pakistan and India |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Atmosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
Atmosphere |
| Volume |
12 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
242 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) is one of the important parameters for assessing regional and global level of climate change. Fog episodes have considerably increased in south Asia because of environmental factors, and the burning of agricultural residue leads to major social and economic problems. In present study, Mann-Kendall trend analysis of AOT and active fire events was done, and their significance were assessed using long-term (October 2012–February 2020) remote sensing data derived smog maps. Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite National Polar Partnership (VIIRS N-PP) was used to map AOT episodes over the northern region of Pakistan and India. Results reveal that AOT displays a significantly decreasing trend over the northern and eastern region of Pakistan and a similar decreasing trend from the Western to Eastern region of India. Furthermore, active fire events have a significantly increasing trend at the Northern region of Pakistan. However, fire events have a significantly decreasing trend over the southern and southeastern region of India. Additionally, statistically significant decreasing trends were observed for AOT over Chakwal (p-value = 0.2, ZMK = −2.3) and Patiala (p-value = 0.15, ZMK = −3.2). Fire events have a significantly increasing trend for Dera Ismail Khan (p-value = 0.01, ZMK = 1.9), Jhang (p-value = 0.01, ZMK = 1.9), and Chakwal (p-value = 0.01, ZMK = 1.8), while they are significantly decreasing trend near New Delhi (p-value = 0.2, ZMK = −0.9), Aligarh (p-value = 0.15, ZMK = −0.9) and Patiala (p-value = 0.2, ZMK = −0.8). |
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2073-4433 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
3361 |
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