| Records |
| Author |
Xu, Y.; Knudby, A.; Côté-Lussier, C. |
| Title |
Mapping ambient light at night using field observations and high-resolution remote sensing imagery for studies of urban environments |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication  |
Building and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Building and Environment |
| Volume |
145 |
Issue |
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Pages |
104-114 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Artificial lighting allows for a variety of activities to take place in the absence of sunlight, but also has an increasingly recognized range of negative social and health-related effects. For studies of urban ambient light at night (ALN), objective and standardized data on the amount of ALN experienced by people is often unavailable at the necessary intra-urban spatial scale. In this paper, we outline options for producing such data through (1) field observations acquired with a luminance meter mounted on a vehicle, (2) a 1-m resolution image mosaic produced from a dedicated aerial survey, and (3) a 50-m resolution image taken from the International Space Station. We produce two remote sensing-derived maps of ALN for a large urban area in Canada, and compare their spatial detail to the World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness, a publicly available alternative data source. Convergent validity with field observations suggests that both mapping approaches can be used to quantify the amount of light humans are exposed to at night, at different locations across a large urban area, and may thus aid in further studying the varied effects of artificial nighttime lighting. |
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0360-1323 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1998 |
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Du, J.; Zhang, X.; King, D. |
| Title |
An investigation into the risk of night light pollution in a glazed office building: The effect of shading solutions |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Building and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Building and Environment |
| Volume |
145 |
Issue |
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Pages |
243-259 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Planning |
| Abstract |
Light pollution has been recognised as a major environmental problem in urban areas at night. This study presents an investigation into the impact of seven various shading solutions on the risk of light pollution caused by indoor artificial lighting in a fully glazed office building. Radiance, a ray-tracing package, was adopted to calculate external illuminances produced by indoor lighting applications at various positions. It has been determined that: 1) A glazed façade could become a critical source of light pollution or obtrusive light (sky glow and light trespass) due to applications of indoor lighting at night; 2) A light shelf could perform well on the protection of both light trespass and sky glow; 3) A large overhang and horizontal louvre could effectively lower the risk of light trespass, but would possibly cause the deterioration of sky glow; and 4) No significant impact of short overhang and vertical louvre can be found on the two aspects of light pollution. This study exposes a significant implication; apart from their principal functions, the shading devices applied in a largely glazed building may require a new role in controlling obtrusive light in cities at night. |
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0360-1323 |
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2015 |
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| Author |
Boyce, P.R. |
| Title |
The benefits of light at night |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Building and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Building and Environment |
| Volume |
151 |
Issue |
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Pages |
356-367 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Society; Conservation |
| Abstract |
The use of light at night continues to increase. Simply put, this is because without light we are deprived of our premier sense, vision. By enabling vision the use of light at night delivers a number of benefits to people. Such benefits include greater safety for pedestrians and drivers, reduced fear of crime, more use of outdoor facilities after dark, enhanced economic growth and the creation of built and natural environments that are a source of beauty and entertainment. This suggests that the use of light at night is linked to some very basic human motivations which in turn means that people value such benefits and will not willingly abandon them. Fortunately, careful lighting design, soundly-based outdoor lighting standards and new lighting and sensor technology offer the possibility of providing the benefits of light at night while minimizing the impact on the environment. |
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0360-1323 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2171 |
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Can Duman, A.; Güler, Ö. |
| Title |
Techno-economic analysis of off-grid photovoltaic LED road lighting systems: A case study for northern, central and southern regions of Turkey |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Building and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Building and Environment |
| Volume |
156 |
Issue |
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Pages |
89-98 |
| Keywords |
Economics; Lighting; off-grid photovoltaic; LED; Turkey |
| Abstract |
Street lighting is one of the sectors where off-grid energy systems are used, and in the past decade interest in these systems has increased due to recent developments occurred both in LED and PV technology. This paper presents a techno-economic analysis of off-grid PV LED road lighting systems for northern, central and southern regions of Turkey. Road lighting calculations are conducted using DIALux software for M4 and M5 road lighting classes to obtain optimal LED luminaires, pole sizes, and spacings. Among the obtained LED powers, load profiles are created using real lighting hours of operation of the selected regions. And then, the required PV-battery systems are optimized using HOMER software. Finally, sensitivity analysis is performed for future projections considering possible increases in electricity prices and decreases in component cost of the PV systems. The results showed that the levelized COE of the off-grid PV LED road lighting systems vary between 0.229 and 0.362 $/kWh. for M4, and 0.254–0.359 $/kWh for M5 road lighting class, depending on the solar potential of the region. And, the total NPC of the entire lighting installation per km vary between 24296 and 29123 $ for M5, and 33225–44318 $ for M4 road lighting class. According to the results, the systems are infeasible under current conditions in Turkey. Nonetheless, they have the added benefits of contributing to the reduction of CO2 emissions. Moreover, future projections show that the systems can be feasible if the declining trend in PV system costs continues and electricity prices increase. |
| Address |
Istanbul Technical University, Energy Institute, Ayazaga Campus, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey; dumanan(at)itu.edu.tr |
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Elseiver |
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English |
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English |
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0360-1323 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2292 |
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| Author |
Markvica, K.; Richter, G.; Lenz, G. |
| Title |
Impact of urban street lighting on road users’ perception of public space and mobility behavior |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Building and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Building and Environment |
| Volume |
154 |
Issue |
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Pages |
32-43 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Psychology |
| Abstract |
Refitting public spaces with light-emitting diode (LED) technology in lieu of conventional luminaires bears the risk of compromising lighting quality that road users have already adapted to; this is because the LED technology has been well tested indoors, but it has not been necessarily evaluated outdoors. Further insight into the effects of street lighting on road users is necessary to resolve potential deficiencies of available technologies. This study compares the effects of three different lighting scenarios (conventional lighting, state-of-the-art LED, optimized LED) on road users via surveys (N = 598 persons) and observations (N = 1341 persons) in the city of Vienna. In terms of the uniformity of street illumination and the comfort it provides, the results show the positive effects of LED street lighting both on surveyed pedestrians and vehicle drivers. The observations of pedestrian walking behavior revealed an unexpected result—no significant differences were noted apart from a more centric walking path along the sidewalk under LED illumination, particularly with the optimized LED luminaire. |
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0360-1323 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2335 |
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