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Singhal, R. K.; Chauhan, J.; Jatav, H. S.; Rajput, V. D.; Singh, G. S.; Bose, B. |
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Title |
Artificial night light alters ecosystem services provided by biotic components |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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BIOLOGIA FUTURA |
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in press |
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Review; Ecology |
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The global catastrophe of natural biodiversity and ecosystem services are expedited with the growing human population. Repercussions of artificial light at night ALAN are much wider, as it varies from unicellular to higher organism. Subsequently, hastened pollution and over exploitation of natural resources accelerate the expeditious transformation of climatic phenomenon and further cause global biodiversity losses. Moreover, it has a crucial role in global biodiversity and ecosystem services losses via influencing the ecosystem biodiversity by modulating abundance, number and aggregation at every levels as from individual to biome levels. Along with these affects, it disturbs the population, genetics and landscape structures by interfering inter- and intra-species interactions and landscape formation processes. Furthermore, alterations in normal light/dark (diurnal) signalling disrupt the stable physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes and modulate the regulating, cultural and provisioning ecosystem services and ultimately disorganize the stable ecosystem structure and functions. Moreover, ALAN reshapes the abiotic component of the ecosystem, and as a key component of global warming via producing greenhouse gases via emitting light. By taking together the above facts, this review highlights the impact of ALAN on the ecosystem and its living and non-living components, emphasizing to the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. Further, we summarize the means of minimizing strategies of ALAN in the environment, which are very crucial to reduce the further spread of night light contamination in the environment and can be useful to minimize the drastic impacts on the ecosystem. |
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UP @ altintas1 @ |
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3342 |
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Sangkasem, K.; Puttanapong, N. |
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Analysis of spatial inequality using DMSP‐OLS nighttime‐light satellite imageries: A case study of Thailand |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Regional Science Policy & Practice |
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Reg Sci Policy Pract. |
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in press |
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Remote Sensing |
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Unbalanced regional development has been a persistent concern in Thailand, and satellite imageries can provide alternative data for examining the dynamics of regional development. This study validated the consistency between Defense Meteorological Satellite Program–Operational Linescan System (DMSP‐OLS) nighttime light (NTL) imageries and data from the official nationwide socio‐economic survey. It found that the two sources exhibited a statistically significant correlation in 1994–2013. On the basis of this finding, the NTL index was applied to the computations of the local indicators of spatial association (LISA) and Moran's I statistics. The results for LISA showed that Bangkok and its vicinity were highly concentrated development areas during the study period. However, the obtained Moran's I statistics indicated that the degree of concentration continuously decreased. NTL‐based Gini, Theil, and Atkinson inequality indices were also computed to validate the spatial expansion of regional development. All three NTL‐based indices showed that regional inequality decreased during the study period. |
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3341 |
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Okuliarova, M.; Mazgutova, N.; Majzunova, M.; Rumanova, V.S.; Zeman, M. |
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Dim Light at Night Impairs Daily Variation of Circulating Immune Cells and Renal Immune Homeostasis |
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2021 |
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Frontiers in Immunology |
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Front. Immunol. |
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11 |
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Animals |
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Dim light at night (dLAN) has become a pervasive part of the modern world, and growing evidence shows its association with increased health risks. Though this link is attributed to a disturbed circadian clock, the underlying mechanisms that can explain how circadian disruption from dLAN causes negative health effects remain unclear. Here, we exposed rats to a light–dark cycle (12:12 h) with low-intensity light at night (~2 lx) for 2 and 5 weeks and explored the steady-state pattern of circulating immune cells and renal immune-related markers, which are well controlled by the circadian clock. After 5 weeks, dLAN impaired the daily variation in several types of white blood cells, especially monocytes and T cells. Two-week dLAN caused a reduction in blood monocytes and altered gene expression of macrophage marker Cd68 and monocyte-attracting chemokine Ccl2 in the kidney. Interestingly, dLAN decreased renal 3-nitrotyrosine levels and resulted in up-regulation of the main endogenous antioxidant pathways, indicating a disturbance in the renal redox balance and an activation of compensatory mechanisms. These effects paralleled the altered renal expression of the molecular clock components and increased plasma corticosterone levels. Together, our results show that chronic exposure to dLAN weakened the circadian control of daily variation of circulating immune cells and disturbed renal immune and redox homeostasis. Consequences of this dLAN-disturbed immune balance on the ability of the immune system to cope with other challenges should by clarified in further studies. |
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1664-3224 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3340 |
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Li, J.; Cai, Y.; Zhang, P.; Zhang, Q.; Jing, Z.; Wu, Q.; Qiu, Y.; Ma, S.; Chen, Z. |
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Satellite observation of a newly developed light-fishing “hotspot” in the open South China Sea |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Remote Sensing of Environment |
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Remote Sensing of Environment |
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256 |
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112312 |
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Remote Sensing |
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Distribution patterns of lit fisheries in the South China Sea (SCS) were investigated using seasonally averaged nighttime light remote sensing data from 2016. Light-fishing activities clearly showed spatial and seasonal patterns and a newly developed “hotspot” with the presence of many intensive lights observed in the open ocean during spring. These satellite observations are consistent with seasonal changes in the fishing grounds of a Chinese large-sized, falling-net fishing fleet based on catch monitoring records for a typical commercial fishing vessel and Vessel Monitoring Systems (VMS) data from this fleet. Catch monitoring records show that this type of vessel operates both on the northern shelf and in the oceanic waters, with apparent seasonal fishing patterns in the SCS. Dominant catches on the shelf include Carangids, Trichiurus japonicus, and Loligo spp., while Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis and Auxis spp. overwhelm catches in the oceanic waters. Furthermore, we compared VMS and Day Night Band (DNB) data to study fishing behaviors of this type of vessel, including match rates between VMS and nightly satellite images and the DNB radiance characteristics of the vessels. This study is valuable for delineating squid fishing grounds in the open SCS and provides an important basis for differentiating light fishing vessels of China from those of other countries, which may be useful for detecting illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing activities. Findings of this study may also shed light on mitigating the emerging threat of light pollution to the local ecosystem of the SCS. |
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0034-4257 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3339 |
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Gaster, L. |
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Title |
Modern methods of artificial illumination. Part VI |
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1909 |
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Journal of the Royal Society of Arts |
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57 |
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2964 |
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867-889 |
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Lighting; Human Health |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3338 |
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