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Gao, X.; Pang, G.; Luo, X.; You, W.; Ke, C. |
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Title |
Effects of light cycle on motion behaviour and melatonin secretion in Haliotis discus hannai |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Aquaculture |
Abbreviated Journal |
Aquaculture |
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in press |
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735981 |
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Keywords |
Animals |
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The abalone Haliotis discus hannai is a typical nocturnal marine invertebrate. In this study, a quantitative analysis was performed on the motion behaviour characteristics of abalones exposed to different light cycles (0 L:24D, 12 L:12D, 24 L:0D) using infrared camera and behavioural analysis software. A preliminary analysis of the intrinsic correlations between melatonin secretion and abalone behaviour rhythms was also conducted. The results showed that the cumulative moving distance and duration of movement for abalone in the 0 L:24D group were significantly higher than those in the 12 L:12D and 24 L:0D groups (P < 0.05). The mean and maximum moving velocities of abalones in the 12 L:12D group were significantly higher than those in the 0 L:24D group (P < 0.05). The maximum cumulative moving distance and duration of movement for abalone in the 12 L:12D and 24 L:0D groups occurred between 00:00–03:00. In the 0 L:24D group, peak cumulative moving distance and duration movement were recorded between 00:00–03:00 and 15:00–18:00. According to the results of cosine analysis, melatonin content and expression levels of aralkylamine N-acetyl transferase (AANAT) and N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) in the 12 L:12D and 24 L:0D groups showed significant circadian cosine rhythms (P < 0.05) and tended to be higher during the day and lower at night. Compared with the variation trend of melatonin, the expression levels of melatonin receptor (MTR) in each group showed significant circadian cosine rhythms (P < 0.05). Especially in the 0 L:24D group, the expression levels of MTR also tended to be higher during the day and lower at night, indicating that MTR may mediate other factors which participate in the regulation of abalone circadian rhythms. The results of this study provide a quantitative description of the motion behaviour characteristics of abalone exposed to different light cycles. The intrinsic correlation between melatonin secretion and abalone motion behaviour rhythms was also examined in this study, which in turn provides a reference for light regulation and feeding strategies in aquaculture production. |
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0044-8486 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3167 |
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Xie, Z.; Han, Y.; Sun, L.; Ping, J. |
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Analysis of land cover evolution within the built-up areas of provincial capital cities in northeastern China based on nighttime light data and Landsat data |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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PloS one |
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PLoS One |
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15 |
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10 |
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e0239371 |
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Remote Sensing |
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Mastering the evolution of urban land cover is important for urban management and planning. In this paper, a method for analyzing land cover evolution within urban built-up areas based on nighttime light data and Landsat data is proposed. The method solves the problem of inaccurate descriptions of urban built-up area boundaries from the use of single-source diurnal or nocturnal remote sensing data and was able to achieve an effective analysis of land cover evolution within built-up areas. Four main procedures are involved: (1) The neighborhood extremum method and maximum likelihood method are used to extract nighttime light data and the urban built-up area boundaries from the Landsat data, respectively; (2) multisource urban boundaries are obtained using boundary pixel fusion of the nighttime light data and Landsat urban built-up area boundaries; (3) the maximum likelihood method is used to classify Landsat data within multisource urban boundaries into land cover classes, such as impervious surface, vegetation and water, and to calculate landscape indexes, such as overall landscape trends, degree of fragmentation and degree of aggregation; (4) the changes in the multisource urban boundaries and landscape indexes were obtained using the abovementioned methods, which were supported by multitemporal nighttime light data and Landsat data, to model the urban land cover evolution. Using the cities of Shenyang, Changchun and Harbin in northeastern China as experimental areas, the multitemporal landscape index showed that the integration and aggregation of land cover in the urban areas had an increasing trend, the natural environment of Shenyang and Harbin was improving, while Changchun laid more emphasis on the construction of artificial facilities. At the same time, the method proposed in this paper to extract built-up areas from multi-source city data showed that the user accuracy, production accuracy, overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient are at least 3%, 1%, 1% and 0.04 higher than the single-source data method. |
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School of Transportation Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Hunnan District, Shenyang, China |
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1932-6203 |
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PMID:33001996; PMCID:PMC7529268 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3166 |
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Padilla-Martinez, J.M.; Abad-Corpa, E.; Gea-Sanchez, M.; Casado-Ramirez, E.; Rol-de Lama, M.A.; Madrid-Perez, J.A.; Moreno-Casbas, M.T. |
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“Detection of factors influencing circadian rhythms on Intensive Care inpatients and hospitalization: Protocol for an observational study” |
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2020 |
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Journal of Advanced Nursing |
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J Adv Nurs |
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in press |
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in press |
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Human Health; care; circadian rhythm; hospitalization; light; noise; nursing; nursing activities; protocol; sleep quality |
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AIMS: Identify the prevalence of circadian health disorders in ICU and hospitalized patients. Stablish the relationship of the circadian system with light, temperature, noise and nursing activities. BACKGROUND: Commonly, self-assessment through subjective questionnaires is used for research about sleep quality. However, more reliable and valid measures should be applied objectively to find out the real prevalence of the problem. There is a negative relationship between circadian rhythms and hospitalization. In this study, we will analyse sleep patterns and hospital environments to implement measures to improve the quality of care related to sleep. DESIGN: Descriptive observational study. It is estimated that 975 patients from 13 hospitals need to be recruited from ICU and hospitalization units. The sample should meet the following criteria: Patients over 18 admitted to ICU and medical units, length of stay between 96-148 hr, with no visual, hearing or moderate-severe cognitive impairment. Variables: Sleep variables are collected with an electronic device (named Kronowise(R) and Kronobed(R)), circadian and infrared light exposure, environmental noise, temperature, unit structural characteristics, nursing care (from 0 to 6 a.m.) and, characteristics of hospitalization period. The study, registered on Clinical Trials, initiated in December 2019 and it will continue up to December 2022. DISCUSSION: Using objective and subjective measures of sleep and circadian rhythms, this study will shed light on the factors that negatively affect the hospitalized patients' sleep quality and circadian health. The ultimate goal is to design hospital guidelines to minimize the adverse effects on the dependent variables studied. Arguably, these guidelines will contribute to reducing the risk of these alterations and it will also serve to improve the nursing activities. CONCLUSION: We expect to obtain adequate results for the creation of a protocol to improve the circadian health, quality of care and health outcomes related to sleep in patients. |
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Biomedical Research Center for Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain |
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0309-2402 |
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PMID:32996642 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3165 |
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Dick; R. |
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Title |
The Biological Basis for the Canadian Guideline for Outdoor Lighting 2--Impact of the Brightness of Light. |
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2020 |
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Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada |
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114 |
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5 |
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205-210 |
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Vison; Biology |
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One of the most obvious attributes of light is brightness. This paper will address specific brightness thresholds that have been found to impact animal health and behaviour, including humans. However, the meaning of brightness is vague and must be further refined and quantified. This paper will introduce and define these terms and will discuss the sensitivity of wildlife biology and behaviour to levels of luminance and illuminance. It may not be apparent from the common metrics used for “brightness” that a lamp will impact the ecosystem or human health. Our focus is on biology, which depends on the energy carried by the light, or its spectrum, and not strictly its apparent brightness. However, the subject of spectrum will be deferred to the third paper in this series. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3164 |
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Alam M.; Dappe M. H.; Melecky M.; Goldblatt R. |
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Title |
Wider Economic Benefits of Transport Corridors: Evidence from International Development Organizations |
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2019 |
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Policy Research Working Paper |
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9057 |
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This paper collects meta data on transport corridor projects financed by the Asian Development Bank, Japan International Cooperation Agency, and World Bank and links them to one important wider economic benefit -- local economic activity. The meta data cover 47 projects in 16 countries, with appraisal dates between 1991 and 2007. First, the paper reviews the variation in project design and implementation -- including the local initial conditions, complementary non-transport interventions, and private sector involvement. Second, using the difference-in-differences methodology, the paper links this variation to a measure of local economic activity -- the geocoded intensity of nighttime lights. The effect of the supported corridor projects on local economic activity could be very heterogenous and significantly depend on certain initial conditions and project characteristics. The latter could include locations with access to the sea, as well as projects with a strong theory of change and better engagement of the private sector. |
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UP @ altintas1 @ |
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3163 |
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