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Falchetta, G.; Pachauri, S.; Parkinson, S.; Byers, E. |
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Title  |
A high-resolution gridded dataset to assess electrification in sub-Saharan Africa |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
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Scientific Data |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Data |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
110 |
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Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
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Abstract |
Spatially explicit data on electricity access and use are essential for effective policy-making and infrastructure planning in low-income, data-scarce regions. We present and validate a 1-km resolution electricity access dataset covering sub-Saharan Africa built on gridded nighttime light, population, and land cover data. Using light radiance probability distributions, we define electricity consumption tiers for urban and rural areas and estimate the by-tier split of consumers living in electrified areas. The approach provides new insight into the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of electricity access, and a measure of its quality beyond binary access. We find our estimates to be broadly consistent with recently published province- and national-level statistics. Moreover, we demonstrate consistency between the estimated electricity access quality indicators and survey-based consumption levels defined in accordance with the World Bank Multi-Tier Framework. The dataset is readily reproduced and updated using an open-access scientific computing framework. The data and approach can be applied for improving the assessment of least-cost electrification options, and examining links between electricity access and other sustainable development objectives. |
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Energy Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schossplatz 1, 2361, Laxenburg, Austria |
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2052-4463 |
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PMID:31270329; PMCID:PMC6610126 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2559 |
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Author |
Gould, G.M. |
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Title |
A hitherto undescribed visual phenomenon |
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1903 |
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Science |
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18 |
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536-537 |
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Vision; Psychology |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2408 |
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Wakil, K., Naeem, M. A., Anjum, G. A., Waheed, A., Thaheem, M. J., ul Hussnain, M. Q., & Nawaz, R. |
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Title |
A Hybrid Tool for Visual Pollution Assessment in Urban Environments |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
Sustainability |
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11 |
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8 |
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1-16 |
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Planning |
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With increasing focus on more nuanced aspects of quality of life, the phenomenon of urban visual pollution has been progressively gaining attention from researchers and policy makers, especially in the developed world. However, the subjectivity and complexity of assessing visual pollution in urban settings remain a challenge, especially given the lack of robust and reliable methods for quantification of visual pollution. This paper presents a novel systematic approach for the development of a robust Visual Pollution Assessment (VPA) tool. A key feature of our methodology is explicit and systematic incorporation of expert and public opinion for listing and ranking Visual Pollution Objects (VPOs). Moreover, our methodology deploys established empirical complex decision-making techniques to address the challenge of subjectivity in weighting the impact of individual VPOs. The resultant VPA tool uses close-ended options to capture the presence and characteristics of various VPOs on a given node. Based on these inputs, it calculates a point based visual pollution scorecard for the observation point. The performance of the VPA tool has been extensively tested and verified at various locations in Pakistan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such tool, both in terms of quantitative robustness and broad coverage of VPOs. Our VPA tool will help regulators in assessing and charting visual pollution in a consistent and objective manner. It will also help policy makers by providing an empirical basis for gathering evidence; hence facilitating evidence-based and evidence-driven policy strategies, which are likely to have significant impact, especially in the developing countries. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2344 |
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Roberts, T.S. |
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A Lapland Longspur Tragedy: Being an Account of a Great Destruction of These Birds during a Storm in Southwestern Minnesota and Northwestern Iowa in March, 1904 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1907 |
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The Auk |
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The Auk |
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24 |
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4 |
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369-377 |
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Animals |
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0004-8038 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2417 |
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Fiorentin, P.; Boscaro, F. |
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A method for measuring the light output of video advertising reproduced by LED billboards |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Measurement |
Abbreviated Journal |
Measurement |
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138 |
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25-33 |
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Keywords |
Lighting; Energy; Instrumentation; Planning; Light-emitting diode displays; Photometry; Video recording; Image analysis; CCD image sensors; Luminance; Glare |
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Improving knowledge of the light output of digital billboards is important to better assess their effect on driver distraction when they are installed along roads. In this work the emission of an LED based billboard is measured when playing advertising video-clips. In particular the average and the maximum values of the luminance are evaluated. The same video-clips are also analyzed when shown on an LCD monitor, aiming at separating the variability of the videos and of the playing device. The results allow to evaluate an utilization factor of the billboard: the videos have an average luminance around 11% and a peak luminance of 35% of the maximum luminance obtainable from the billboard. The power consumption of the billboard is measured, aside the photometric analysis. The luminance of the device are found linearly dependent on both the power and the effective current absorbed by the device from the grid, with a discrepancy within 6%. It could be a useful information for billboard manufacturers to qualify their product when they do not own photometric instruments. |
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Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; pietro.fiorentin(at)unipd.it |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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English |
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0263-2241 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2214 |
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