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Fiorentin, P.; Boscaro, F. |
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Title |
A method for measuring the light output of video advertising reproduced by LED billboards |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Measurement |
Abbreviated Journal |
Measurement |
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Volume |
138 |
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Pages |
25-33 |
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Keywords |
Lighting; Energy; Instrumentation; Planning; Light-emitting diode displays; Photometry; Video recording; Image analysis; CCD image sensors; Luminance; Glare |
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Abstract |
Improving knowledge of the light output of digital billboards is important to better assess their effect on driver distraction when they are installed along roads. In this work the emission of an LED based billboard is measured when playing advertising video-clips. In particular the average and the maximum values of the luminance are evaluated. The same video-clips are also analyzed when shown on an LCD monitor, aiming at separating the variability of the videos and of the playing device. The results allow to evaluate an utilization factor of the billboard: the videos have an average luminance around 11% and a peak luminance of 35% of the maximum luminance obtainable from the billboard. The power consumption of the billboard is measured, aside the photometric analysis. The luminance of the device are found linearly dependent on both the power and the effective current absorbed by the device from the grid, with a discrepancy within 6%. It could be a useful information for billboard manufacturers to qualify their product when they do not own photometric instruments. |
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Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; pietro.fiorentin(at)unipd.it |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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English |
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0263-2241 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2214 |
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Author |
Lin, Y.; Liu, Y.; Sun, Y.; Zhu, X.; Lai, J.; Heynderickx, I. |
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Title |
Model predicting discomfort glare caused by LED road lights |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Optics Express |
Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
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22 |
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15 |
Pages |
18056 |
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Keywords |
LED; LED lighting; glare; road safety; traffic |
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Abstract |
To model discomfort glare from LED road lighting, the effect of four key variables on perceived glare was explored. These variables were: the average glare source luminance (Lg), the background luminance (Lb), the solid angle of the glare source from the perspective of the viewer; and the angle between the glare source and the line of sight. Based on these four variables 72 different light conditions were simulated in a scaled experimental set-up. Participants were requested to judge the perceived discomfort glare of these light conditions using the deBoer rating scale. All four variables and some of their interactions had indeed a significant effect on the deBoer rating. Based on these findings, we developed a model, and tested its general applicability in various verification experiments, including laboratory conditions as well as real road conditions. This verification proved the validity of the model with a correlation between measured and predicted values as high as 0.87 and a residual deviation of about 1 unit on the deBoer rating scale. These results filled the gap in estimating discomfort glare of LED road lighting and clarified similarities of and differences in discomfort glare between LED and traditional light sources. |
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1094-4087 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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351 |
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Author |
Scott, R. |
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Title |
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROAD LIGHTING QUALITY AND ACCIDENT FREQUENCY – TRRL LABORATORY REPORT 929. |
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1980 |
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Lighting; quality; accident rate; accident; frequency; luminance; glare; uniformity; urban area; daylight; darkness; surfacing; pedestrian |
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many studies have related changes in accident frequency to the presence of street lighting, and a few have examined its variation over a range of lighting quality, as measured by illuminance. this investigation attempts to find which of several measures of lighting (describing quantity – as represented by luminance or illuminance – uniformity and glare) most clearly explain variations in accident frequency. about 100 lit sites, almost all in built-up areas, were measured for lighting quality in dry-road conditions. the lighting variables measured were related to the dark:day ratios of accident frequency for the same sites. the strongest relationship found was that for average road surface luminance: in the range 0.5-2.0 candelas/m2, it is estimated that an increase of 1 cd/m2 is associated with a 35 per cent lower accident ratio. other measures of luminance and illuminance were also found to be related to accident ratio (and to each other), but not as clearly as was average road luminance, which is therefore the preferred explanatory variable. analysis of pedestrian and non-pedestrian accidents separately did not reveal a relationship between the former and lighting quality. in contrast, non-pedestrian accidents showed similar relationships to those for all accidents, with the addition of a possible relationship with overall uniformity of luminance.(a) |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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647 |
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Author |
Ticleanu, C.; Littlefair, P. |
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Title |
A summary of LED lighting impacts on health |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
International Journal of Sustainable Lighting |
Abbreviated Journal |
Intl. J. of Sustainable Lighting |
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1 |
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1 |
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5-11 |
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Keywords |
Human health; light and health; LED glare; LED flicker; melatonin supression; LED skin exposure |
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Lighting can affect the health of people in buildings. This goes beyond the safety aspects of providing enough illumination to see by; lighting affects mood and human circadian rhythms, while poor lighting can cause glare, headaches, eyestrain, aches and pains associated with poor body posture or, in extreme cases, skin conditions and various types of sight loss. These aspects ought to be considered by designers and building owners and occupiers in order to improve the lit environment and use adequate lighting and lighting controls that meet the recommendations of codes and standards. Various types of lighting can have different impacts depending on their spectral, optical and electrical characteristics. This paper discusses potential impacts of LED lighting on human health, and is based on a recent BRE review of research investigating the most typical effects of lighting on human health. |
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Building Research Establishment (BRE), Bucknalls Lane, Watford WD25 9XX UK; Cosmin.Ticleanu(at)bre.co.uk |
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International Journal of Sustainable Lighting |
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English |
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1454-5837 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1389 |
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