| Records |
| Author |
Bará, S. |
| Title |
Characterizing the zenithal night sky brightness in large territories: how many samples per square kilometre are needed? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
473 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
4164-4173 |
| Keywords |
Instrumentation; atmospheric effects; light pollution; numerical methods; photometry |
| Abstract |
A recurring question arises when trying to characterize, by means of measurements or theoretical calculations, the zenithal night sky brightness throughout a large territory: how many samples per square kilometre are needed? The optimum sampling distance should allow reconstructing, with sufficient accuracy, the continuous zenithal brightness map across the whole region, whilst at the same time avoiding unnecessary and redundant oversampling. This paper attempts to provide some tentative answers to this issue, using two complementary tools: the luminance structure function and the Nyquist–Shannon spatial sampling theorem. The analysis of several regions of the world, based on the data from the New world atlas of artificial night sky brightness, suggests that, as a rule of thumb, about one measurement per square kilometre could be sufficient for determining the zenithal night sky brightness of artificial origin at any point in a region to within ±0.1 magV arcsec–2 (in the root-mean-square sense) of its true value in the Johnson–Cousins V band. The exact reconstruction of the zenithal night sky brightness maps from samples taken at the Nyquist rate seems to be considerably more demanding. |
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1Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; salva.bara(at)usc.es |
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Oxford Academic |
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English |
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English |
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0035-8711 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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2164 |
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Kyba, C.C.M.; Ruhtz, T.; Fischer, J.; Hölker, F. |
| Title |
Red is the new black: how the colour of urban skyglow varies with cloud cover |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
| Volume |
425 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
701-708 |
| Keywords |
Keywords: skyglow; radiative transfer; atmospheric effects; instrumentation: detectors; light pollution |
| Abstract |
The development of street lamps based on solid-state lighting technology is likely to introduce a major change in the colour of urban skyglow (one form of light pollution). We demonstrate the need for long-term monitoring of this trend by reviewing the influences it is likely to have on disparate fields. We describe a prototype detector which is able to monitor these changes, and could be produced at a cost low enough to allow extremely widespread use. Using the detector, we observed the differences in skyglow radiance in red, green and blue channels. We find that clouds increase the radiance of red light by a factor of 17.6, which is much larger than that for blue (7.1). We also find that the gradual decrease in sky radiance observed on clear nights in Berlin appears to be most pronounced at longer wavelengths. |
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0035-8711 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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272 |
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Miller, S.; Straka, W.; Mills, S.; Elvidge, C.; Lee, T.; Solbrig, J.; Walther, A.; Heidinger, A.; Weiss, S. |
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Illuminating the Capabilities of the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sensing |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
6717-6766 |
| Keywords |
Instrumentation; satellite imagery; nighttime visible/near-infrared; moonlight |
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Daytime measurements of reflected sunlight in the visible spectrum have been a staple of Earth-viewing radiometers since the advent of the environmental satellite platform. At night, these same optical-spectrum sensors have traditionally been limited to thermal infrared emission, which contains relatively poor information content for many important weather and climate parameters. These deficiencies have limited our ability to characterize the full diurnal behavior and processes of parameters relevant to improved monitoring, understanding and modeling of weather and climate processes. Visible-spectrum light information does exist during the nighttime hours, originating from a wide variety of sources, but its detection requires specialized technology. Such measurements have existed, in a limited way, on USA Department of Defense satellites, but the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite, which carries a new Day/Night Band (DNB) radiometer, offers the first quantitative measurements of nocturnal visible and near-infrared light. Here, we demonstrate the expanded potential for nocturnal low-light visible applications enabled by the DNB. Via a combination of terrestrial and extraterrestrial light sources, such observations are always available—expanding many current existing applications while enabling entirely new capabilities. These novel low-light measurements open doors to a wealth of new interdisciplinary research topics while lighting a pathway toward the optimized design of follow-on satellite based low light visible sensors. |
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2072-4292 |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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468 |
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| Author |
Kruse, F.A.; Elvidge, C.D. |
| Title |
Characterizing urban light sources using imaging spectrometry |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Proceedings of the Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event 2011, April 13-11, Munich, Germany |
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149 - 152 |
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Instrumentation |
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Remote mapping of night lights has been used for decades for mapping urbanization and the global distribution of human activity. Most of this has been accomplished using remote sensing data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). The coarse spatial and spectral resolution of DMSP, however, has precluded discrimination of lighting types or spectral characteristics. Recent demonstrations using photography from the International Space Station and airborne multispectral simulations demonstrate significant potential, but high-spectral-resolution field and laboratory measurements indicate that these methods do not take full advantage of the spectral information available. This research demonstrates the use of imaging spectrometer data to identify, characterize, and map urban lighting based on spectral emission lines unique to specific lighting types. ProSpecTIR imaging spectrometer data were analyzed to extract spectral features and these were compared to spectral library measurements on a pixel-by-pixel basis, resulting in a detailed spatial map showing different lighting types. The nature and distribution of lights can be used as a surrogate for measurement of urban development. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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469 |
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Kruse, F.A.; Elvidge, C.D. |
| Title |
Identifying and mapping night lights using imaging spectrometry |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
Publication |
Proceedings of Aerospace Conference, 2011 IEEE, March 5-11 2011. |
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1 - 6 |
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Instrumentation |
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Remote mapping of night lights using the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) has been used for decades to inventory the global distribution of human activity. ©± The coarse spatial and spectral resolution of DMSP, however, has precluded discrimination of lighting types or spectral characteristics. Recent demonstrations using photography from the International Space Station and airborne multispectral simulations demonstrate significant potential, but high-spectral-resolution field and laboratory measurements indicate that these methods do not take full advantage of the spectral information available. This research demonstrates the use of imaging spectrometer data to identify, characterize, and map urban lighting based on comparison to a lights spectral library. The library provides information about spectral emission lines unique to specific lighting types. ProSpecTIR-VS imaging spectrometer data of Las Vegas, Nevada were analyzed to extract spectral features and these were compared to the spectral library measurements on a pixel-by-pixel basis, resulting in a detailed spatial map showing different lighting types. The nature and distribution of lights can be used as a surrogate for characterization of urban settings, and measurement of urban development. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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470 |
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