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| Author | De Almeida, A.; Santos, B.; Paolo, B.; Quicheron, M. | ||||
| Title | Solid state lighting review – Potential and challenges in Europe | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews | Abbreviated Journal | Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews |
| Volume | 34 | Issue | Pages | 30-48 | |
| Keywords | Lighting; solid-state lighting; LED; lighting technology; review; Europe | ||||
| Abstract | According to IEA estimates, about 19% of the electricity used in the world is for lighting loads with a slightly smaller fraction used in the European Union (14%). Lighting was the first service offered by electric utilities and still continues to be one of the largest electrical end-uses. Most current lighting technologies can be vastly improved, and therefore lighting loads present a huge potential for electricity savings. Solid State Lighting (SSL) is amongst the most energy-efficient and environmentally friendly lighting technology. SSL has already reached a high efficiency level (over 276 lm/W) at ever-decreasing costs. Additionally the lifetime of LED lamps is several times longer than discharge lamps. This paper presents an overview of the state of the art SSL technology trends. SSL technology is evolving fast, which can bring many advantages to the lighting marketplace. However, there are still some market barriers that are hindering the high cost-effective potential of energy-efficient lighting from being achieved. This paper presents several strategies and recommendations in order to overcome existing barriers and promote a faster penetration of SSL. The estimated savings potential through the application of SSL lighting systems in the European Union (EU) is around 209 TWh, which translates into 77 million tonnes of CO2. The economic benefits translate into the equivalent annual electrical output of about 26 large power plants (1000 MW electric). Similar impacts, in terms of percentage savings, can be expected in other parts of the World. |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1364-0321 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ john @ | Serial | 319 | ||
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| Author | Lin, Y.; Liu, Y.; Sun, Y.; Zhu, X.; Lai, J.; Heynderickx, I. | ||||
| Title | Model predicting discomfort glare caused by LED road lights | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Optics Express | Abbreviated Journal | Opt. Express |
| Volume | 22 | Issue | 15 | Pages | 18056 |
| Keywords | LED; LED lighting; glare; road safety; traffic | ||||
| Abstract | To model discomfort glare from LED road lighting, the effect of four key variables on perceived glare was explored. These variables were: the average glare source luminance (Lg), the background luminance (Lb), the solid angle of the glare source from the perspective of the viewer; and the angle between the glare source and the line of sight. Based on these four variables 72 different light conditions were simulated in a scaled experimental set-up. Participants were requested to judge the perceived discomfort glare of these light conditions using the deBoer rating scale. All four variables and some of their interactions had indeed a significant effect on the deBoer rating. Based on these findings, we developed a model, and tested its general applicability in various verification experiments, including laboratory conditions as well as real road conditions. This verification proved the validity of the model with a correlation between measured and predicted values as high as 0.87 and a residual deviation of about 1 unit on the deBoer rating scale. These results filled the gap in estimating discomfort glare of LED road lighting and clarified similarities of and differences in discomfort glare between LED and traditional light sources. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1094-4087 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ john @ | Serial | 351 | ||
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| Author | Snyder, J.D.; Bullough, J.D.; Radetsky, L.C. | ||||
| Title | Innovative Roadway Light Source and Dye Combinations to Improve Visibility and Reduce Environmental Impacts. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | National Technical Information Service report | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Lighting Systems | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ | Serial | 444 | ||
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| Author | Zhou, H.; Hawkins, H.G.; Miles, J.D. | ||||
| Title | Guidelines for Freeway Lighting Curfews | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Technical Report No. FHWA/TX-13/0-6645-1, Texas A&M Transportation Institute | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | á-72 | ||
| Keywords | Lighting Systems; Regulation | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ | Serial | 445 | ||
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| Author | Arnold, G.; Mellinger, D.; Markowitz, P.; Burke, M.; Lahar, D. | ||||
| Title | A Win-Win-Win for Municipal Street Lighting: Converting Two-Thirds of Vermont's Street Lights to LED by 2014. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy. | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Lighting Systems | ||||
| Abstract | Reducing energy costs and enhancing the nighttime environment with LED street lighting is by now well understood. However, few municipalities and utilities have successfully taken advantage of this opportunity to convert their street lighting operations to LEDs. Before a system-wide conversion of existing street lights can occur, a utility must obtain the large amount of required capital, identify appropriate LED street light equipment for their applications, consider changes in utility rate structures, and design effective methods for recovering costs. Using Vermont as a case study, this paper presents a partnership model among the statewide energy efficiency utility, the state’s largest electric utilities, and several municipalities. The model was designed to overcome the challenges to widespread LED street light conversion. By 2014, more than two-thirds of Vermont’s municipal street lights will be upgraded to LED technology. The conversion will: (1) provide municipalities with better nighttime street lighting and significant cost savings—at no additional capital expense to the municipalities, (2) deliver 8,000 MWh of cost-effective new savings to the energy efficiency utility, and (3) deliver financially attractive returns for Vermont’s utilities. This win-win-win model is scalable and replicable, and is now being considered in Massachusetts and Rhode Island |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ | Serial | 446 | ||
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