| Records |
| Author |
Marchant, P.R. |
| Title |
A Demonstration That the Claim That Brighter Lighting Reduces Crime Is Unfounded |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
British Journal of Criminology |
Abbreviated Journal |
British Journal of Criminology |
| Volume |
44 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
441-447 |
| Keywords |
lighting; crime; street lighting |
| Abstract |
The major systematic review on street lighting and crime, Home Office Research Study 251, suggests that claims for the effectiveness of lighting against crime are justified. The review at first sight appears to be an appropriate statistical synthesis of all studies on street lighting and crime across the world. However on close examination, the statistical claims and methods are unfounded. In three cases examined there is a clear conflict between the evidence and the reviewers' interpretation of this. One of the principal problems is easily seen. The time-series of the original data from the Bristol study shows no good evidence for the crime reduction benefit of lighting. However the review gives the result for the same data as being extremely statistically significant. It is suggested that such a difference between the newly lit and the control areas occurring purely by chance is less than one in a billion, but this is manifestly wrong. Two other component studies, Birmingham and Dudley, are examined. |
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| ISSN |
0007-0955 |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
254 |
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| Author |
Johansson, M.; Pedersen, E.; Maleetipwan-Mattsson, P.; Kuhn, L.; Laike, T. |
| Title |
Perceived outdoor lighting quality (POLQ): A lighting assessment tool |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Journal of Environmental Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Environmental Psychology |
| Volume |
39 |
Issue |
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Pages |
14-21 |
| Keywords |
Perception; Street lighting; Observation-based environmental assessment; Urban space |
| Abstract |
A shift towards more energy-efficient light sources for outdoor lighting such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is underway. Photometric measures are not sufficient to capture how users experience the light, so complementary tools are required. This study aimed to develop an observer-based environmental assessment tool, based on bipolar semantic differentials, for outdoor lighting in urban spaces. Exploratory (N = 130) and confirmatory (N = 117) factor analyses of observations of lighting installations made by laypersons on-site along pedestrian paths, resulted in two dimensions of high reliability: the Perceived Strength Quality (PSQ, Cronbach's alpha = 0.82–0.85) and the Perceived Comfort Quality (PCQ, Cronbach's alpha = 0.77–0.81). PSQ and PCQ differentiated between light sources of different illuminance level, colour temperature and colour rendering. Regression analyses showed that the perceived lighting qualities helped to explain the variance in visual accessibility, whereas PCQ helped to explain perceived danger in the environment. The perceived lighting qualities can add to the understanding of pedestrians' perception of outdoor lighting, and is proposed as a complementary tool for development of sustainable light designs in the urban environment. |
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| ISSN |
0272-4944 |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
279 |
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| Author |
Kuhn, L.; Johansson, M.; Laike, T.; Goven, T. |
| Title |
Residents' perceptions following retrofitting of residential area outdoor lighting with LEDs |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research and Technology |
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
568-584 |
| Keywords |
*Lighting; outdoor lighting; LED; light emitting diode; lighting levels; public opinion |
| Abstract |
The use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) in outdoor lighting has energy-saving potential, but users’ responses to this light source are largely unknown. An intervention study in two residential areas compared conventional lighting installations (high pressure sodium in Area 1 and high pressure mercury in Area 2) to a retrofitted LED-alternative regarding residents’ perceptions of quality of light, visual accessibility and danger. Moreover, energy use was calculated. Residents’ (N = 60) visual accessibility improved and perceived danger remained low in both areas after retrofitting. In Area 2 the perceived quality of light increased, whereas in Area 1 the results were mixed. The retrofitted application reduced energy use by 41–76% and might be a feasible alternative to conventional outdoor lighting in relatively safe areas. |
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Environmental Psychology, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Lund University, Lund, Sweden |
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1477-1535 |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
280 |
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Zukauskas, A.; Vaicekauskas, R.; Tuzikas, A.; Petrulis, A.; Stanikunas, R.; Svegzda, A.; Eidikas, P.; Vitta, P. |
| Title |
Firelight LED Source: Toward a Balanced Approach to the Performance of Solid-State Lighting for Outdoor Environments |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
IEEE Photonics Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Photonics J. |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1-16 |
| Keywords |
LED; lighting; lighting technology; light emitting diode; firelight LED |
| Abstract |
We report on a blue-amber (“firelightâ€) cluster of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with extra-low correlated color temperature (~1860 K) optimized for outdoor lighting under mesopic conditions. When compared with common white LEDs, the firelight LED cluster shows considerably reduced indexes of melatonin suppression and skyglow, increased retinal illuminance for elderly people, but a reduced performance of perceiving colors, which, however, can be tolerated at mesopic luminance. In comparison with an almost metameric high-pressure sodium lamp, the cluster exhibits a potentially higher luminous efficacy, similar reaction time and detection threshold of luminance contrasts for achromatic targets, and noticeably improved color discrimination characteristics. |
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1943-0655 |
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no |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
281 |
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| Author |
Semeniuk, Kent (ed) |
| Title |
Gazing Up: An Exploration of Municipal Night Lighting Practices Amongst Six Canadian Municipalities |
Type |
Manuscript |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
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| Keywords |
light pollution; public policy; Canada; outdoor lighting; municipal |
| Abstract |
Light pollution is broadly defined as the unnecessary illumination of the nocturnal environment. Light pollution is a pervasive phenomena shown to have harmful consequences for both the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem. While some municipalities have begun to address the environmental and economic costs of light pollution, most have not. The goal of this study was to investigate current municipal night lighting practices for six selected Canadian municipalities with the aim of determining their policies and practices for night lighting. Semi-structured interviews with key informants were conducted and analyzed using a mixed methods approach that included a thorough literature review. The results indicate that rising energy costs, aging infrastructure and the lighting industry are driving the majority of changes taking place in adapting municipalities while most municipalities remain content with status quo. The research conducted led to guideline improvements for municipal night lighting in today’s municipalities. |
| Address |
School of Environmental Design and Rural Development, University of Guelph |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Master's thesis |
| Publisher |
University of Guelph |
Place of Publication |
Guelph, Ontario |
Editor |
Semeniuk, Kent |
| Language |
English |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
305 |
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