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Sweater-Hickcox, K.; Narendran, N.; Bullough, J.; Freyssinier, J. |
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Title |
Effect of different coloured luminous surrounds on LED discomfort glare perception |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research and Technology |
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45 |
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4 |
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464-475 |
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perception; subjective; LED; LED lighting; spectral power distribution; SPD |
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Recently, there has been increased interest in energy-efficient lighting as energy resources become higher in demand. Anecdotal evidence suggests that certain populations believe light-emitting diodes (LED) produce more glare than traditional technologies. This may be due to a number of factors such as spectral power distribution (SPD), source luminance, or beam intensity distribution. A study was conducted to assess the effect of different SPDs on the perception of discomfort glare from an LED source. For the range of conditions evaluated, the presence of any luminous surround significantly reduced the perception of discomfort glare from the LED array. The blue luminous surround reduced discomfort glare perception significantly less than the white or the yellow luminous surrounds. The implications for solid-state lighting systems are discussed. |
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Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA |
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1477-1535 |
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338 |
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Kostic, A.; Kremic, M.; Djokic, L.; Kostic, M. |
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Title |
Light-emitting diodes in street and roadway lighting – a case study involving mesopic effects |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research and Technology |
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45 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
217-229 |
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Keywords |
LED; LED lighting; mesopic; street lighting; outdoor lighting; roadway lighting |
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The paper considers the justification for the application of light-emitting diode (LED) technology to urban lighting. The results suggest that LEDs are convenient for architectural lighting and deserve to be considered for use in ambient lighting. The recently developed Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) mesopic system enabled the inclusion of mesopic effects into a comprehensive techno-economic analysis, which dealt with efficiency, maintenance and financial aspects of the use of LEDs in street and roadway lighting. It is concluded that the average energy savings when using LED instead of high-pressure sodium (HPS) luminaires amount to 19–26% for single-sided, staggered and opposite layouts, although they are frequently negligible if mesopic effects are not included. The total costs of the LED lighting solutions, even including mesopic effects, are 1.36 to 6.44 times higher than those of the comparable HPS lighting solutions. Therefore, LEDs are questionable for street and roadway lighting. |
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Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia |
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1477-1535 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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339 |
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Lin, Y.; Liu, Y.; Sun, Y.; Zhu, X.; Lai, J.; Heynderickx, I. |
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Title |
Model predicting discomfort glare caused by LED road lights |
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2014 |
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Optics Express |
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Opt. Express |
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22 |
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15 |
Pages |
18056 |
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Keywords |
LED; LED lighting; glare; road safety; traffic |
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To model discomfort glare from LED road lighting, the effect of four key variables on perceived glare was explored. These variables were: the average glare source luminance (Lg), the background luminance (Lb), the solid angle of the glare source from the perspective of the viewer; and the angle between the glare source and the line of sight. Based on these four variables 72 different light conditions were simulated in a scaled experimental set-up. Participants were requested to judge the perceived discomfort glare of these light conditions using the deBoer rating scale. All four variables and some of their interactions had indeed a significant effect on the deBoer rating. Based on these findings, we developed a model, and tested its general applicability in various verification experiments, including laboratory conditions as well as real road conditions. This verification proved the validity of the model with a correlation between measured and predicted values as high as 0.87 and a residual deviation of about 1 unit on the deBoer rating scale. These results filled the gap in estimating discomfort glare of LED road lighting and clarified similarities of and differences in discomfort glare between LED and traditional light sources. |
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1094-4087 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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351 |
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Pawson, S.M.; Bader, M.K.-F. |
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Title |
LED lighting increases the ecological impact of light pollution irrespective of color temperature |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ecological Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecological Applications |
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24 |
Issue |
7 |
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1561-1568 |
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Keywords |
biodiversity; high-pressure sodium lamp; light pollution; spectra; street lighting; urbanization; LED; color temperature; ecology |
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Recognition of the extent and magnitude of night-time light pollution impacts on natural ecosystems is increasing, with pervasive effects observed in both nocturnal and diurnal species. Municipal and industrial lighting is on the cusp of a step change where energy-efficient lighting technology is driving a shift from “yellow†high-pressure sodium vapor lamps (HPS) to new “white†light-emitting diodes (LEDs). We hypothesized that white LEDs would be more attractive and thus have greater ecological impacts than HPS due to the peak UV-green-blue visual sensitivity of nocturnal invertebrates. Our results support this hypothesis; on average LED light traps captured 48% more insects than were captured with light traps fitted with HPS lamps, and this effect was dependent on air temperature (significant light × air temperature interaction). We found no evidence that manipulating the color temperature of white LEDs would minimize the ecological impacts of the adoption of white LED lights. As such, large-scale adoption of energy-efficient white LED lighting for municipal and industrial use may exacerbate ecological impacts and potentially amplify phytosanitary pest infestations. Our findings highlight the urgent need for collaborative research between ecologists and electrical engineers to ensure that future developments in LED technology minimize their potential ecological effects. |
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Scion, P.O. Box 29-237, Fendalton, Christchurch, New Zealand |
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1051-0761 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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367 |
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Snyder, J.D.; Bullough, J.D.; Radetsky, L.C. |
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Title |
Innovative Roadway Light Source and Dye Combinations to Improve Visibility and Reduce Environmental Impacts. |
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2013 |
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National Technical Information Service report |
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Lighting Systems |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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444 |
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