| Records |
| Author |
Bassani, M.; Mutani, G. |
| Title |
Effects of Environmental Lighting Conditions on Operating Speeds on Urban Arterials |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board |
Abbreviated Journal |
Transportation Research Record |
Volume  |
2298 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
78-87 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Public Safety |
| Abstract |
Driver behavior is influenced by environmental lighting conditions on roads; in the literature, many studies report a reduced night–day accident ratio following improvements to lighting on different types of roads, with the results classified by severity and type of accident. Few studies, however, report the influence of lighting conditions on driver speed. This study investigates the principal factors that influence driver speed on arterial roads in Turin, Italy. The aim of this study was to analyze driver speed under different daylight and nighttime lighting conditions. Six arterial roads were selected for observation and the measurement of speeds and illuminance on the pavement surface. The results showed that illuminance, in addition to factors such as lane position, lane width, and the relevant speed limit, should be considered a variable that can influence driver speed. The study used a regression equation to predict operating speeds (V85) on urban arterials; the corresponding sensitivity analysis has made it possible to quantify the effects of the aforementioned variables on operating speed under different environmental lighting conditions. |
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| ISSN |
0361-1981 |
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| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2872 |
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| Author |
Lee, J.; Le, L.-T.; Le, H.-T.; Liao, H.-Y.; Huang, G.-Z.; Ma, H.-Y.; Wen, C.-C.; Fang, Y.C.; Chen, C.-H.; Chang, S.-H.; Lee, H.-Y. |
| Title |
Low-Glare Freeform-Surfaced Street Light Luminaire Optimization to Meet Enhanced Road Lighting Standards |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
International Journal of Optics |
Abbreviated Journal |
International Journal of Optics |
| Volume |
2020 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-12 |
| Keywords |
Lighting |
| Abstract |
To enhance driving safety at night, a new freeform-surface street light luminaire was proposed and evaluated in this study that meets the requirements of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) M3 class standard for road lighting. The luminaire was designed using simulations to optimize the location of the bulb according to the requirements of the standard. The light source IES file was experimentally obtained for the optimized luminaire prototype with a 150 W ceramic metal halide lamp using an imaging goniophotometer. The trial road lighting simulation results computed by the lighting software DIALux indicated that the proposed luminaire provided an average road surface brightness of 1.1 cd/m2 (compared to a minimum requirement of 1.0 cd/m2), a brightness uniformity of 0.41 (compared to a minimum requirement of 0.4), a longitudinal brightness uniformity of 0.64 (compared to a minimum requirement of 0.6), and a glare factor of 7.6% (compared to a maximum limit of 15%). The findings of the image goniophotometer tests were then confirmed by the results of a certified mirror goniophotometer test conducted by the Taiwan Accreditation Foundation (TAF). The results of this study can be used to provide improved street lighting designs to meet enhanced international standards. |
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| ISSN |
1687-9384 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
3103 |
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| Author |
Garratt, M.J.; Jenkins, S.R.; Davies, T.W. |
| Title |
Mapping the consequences of artificial light at night for intertidal ecosystems |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Science of The Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science of The Total Environment |
| Volume |
691 |
Issue |
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Pages |
760-768 |
| Keywords |
Ecology; Lighting |
| Abstract |
Widespread coastal urbanization has resulted in artificial light pollution encroaching into intertidal habitats, which are highly valued by society for ecosystem services including coastal protection, climate regulation and recreation. While the impacts of artificial light at night in terrestrial and riparian ecosystems are increasingly well documented, those on organisms that reside in coastal intertidal habitats are less well explored. The distribution of artificial light at night from seaside promenade lighting was mapped across a sandy shore, and its consequences for macroinvertebrate community structure quantified accounting for other collinear environmental variables known to shape biodiversity in intertidal ecosystems (shore height, wave exposure and organic matter content). Macroinvertebrate community composition significantly changed along artificial light gradients. Greater numbers of species and total community biomass were observed with increasing illumination, a relationship that was more pronounced (increased effects size) with increasing organic matter availability. Individual taxa exhibited different relationships with artificial light illuminance; the abundances of 27% of non-rare taxa [including amphipods (Amphipoda), catworms (Nephtys spp.), and sand mason worms (Lanice conchilega)] decreased with increasing illumination, while 20% [including tellins (Tellinidae spp.), lugworms (Arenicola marina) and ragworms (Nereididae spp.)] increased. Possible causes of these relationships are discussed, including direct effects of artificial light on macroinvertebrate behaviour and indirect effects via trophic interactions. With increasing light pollution in coastal zones around the world, larger scale changes in intertidal ecosystems could be occurring. |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0048-9697 |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2590 |
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| Author |
Pattison, P.M.; Tsao, J.Y.; Brainard, G.C.; Bugbee, B. |
| Title |
LEDs for photons, physiology and food |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
563 |
Issue |
7732 |
Pages |
493-500 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Human Health; Plants; Review |
| Abstract |
Lighting based on light-emitting diodes (LEDs) not only is more energy efficient than traditional lighting, but also enables improved performance and control. The colour, intensity and distribution of light can now be controlled with unprecedented precision, enabling light to be used both as a signal for specific physiological responses in humans and plants, and as an efficient fuel for fresh food production. Here we show how a broad and improved understanding of the physiological responses to light will facilitate greater energy savings and provide health and productivity benefits that have not previously been associated with lighting. |
| Address |
Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0028-0836 |
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| Notes |
PMID:30464269 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2110 |
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| Author |
Zielinska-Dabkowska, K.M. |
| Title |
Make lighting healthier |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
553 |
Issue |
7688 |
Pages |
274-276 |
| Keywords |
Commentary; Lighting; Human Health |
| Abstract |
Artificial illumination can stop us sleeping and make us ill. We need fresh strategies and technologies, argues Karolina M. Zielinska-Dabkowska. |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0028-0836 |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2932 |
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