| Records |
| Author |
Commission International de L’Eclairage. |
| Title |
ROAD TRANSPORT LIGHTING FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. |
Type |
Report |
Year  |
2007 |
Publication |
CIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
180 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Lighting |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
Serial |
629 |
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| Author |
Sullivan, J.M.; Flannagan, M.J. |
| Title |
Determining the potential safety benefit of improved lighting in three pedestrian crash scenarios |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Accident; Analysis and Prevention |
Abbreviated Journal |
Accid Anal Prev |
| Volume |
39 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
638-647 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Accidents, Traffic/*prevention & control/statistics & numerical data; Automobile Driving/*psychology; Darkness/*adverse effects; *Environment Design; Humans; Lighting/*standards; Prevalence; Risk; *Safety; Time; *Visual Perception; *Walking |
| Abstract |
The influence of light level was determined for three pedestrian crash scenarios associated with three adaptive headlighting solutions-curve lighting, motorway lighting, and cornering light. These results were coupled to corresponding prevalence data for each scenario to derive measures of annual lifesaving potential. For each scenario, the risk associated with light level was determined using daylight saving time (DST) transitions to produce a dark/light interval risk ratio; prevalence was determined using the corresponding annual crash rate in darkness for each scenario. For curve lighting, pedestrian crashes on curved roadways were examined; for motorway lighting, crashes associated with high speed roadways were examined; and for cornering light, crashes involving turning vehicles at intersections were examined. In the curve analysis, lower dark/light crash ratios were observed for curved sections of roadway compared to straight roads. In the motorway analysis, posted speed limit was the dominant predictor of this ratio for the fatal crash dataset; road function class was the dominant predictor of the ratio for the fatal/nonfatal dataset. Finally, in the intersection crash analysis, the dark/light ratio for turning vehicles was lower than for nonturning vehicles; and the ratio at intersections was lower than at non-intersections. Relative safety need was determined by combining the dark/light ratio with prevalence data to produce an idealized measure of lifesaving potential. While all three scenarios suggested a potential for safety improvement, scenarios related to high speed roadway environments showed the greatest potential. |
| Address |
The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, 2901 Baxter Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2150, USA. jsully@umich.edu <jsully@umich.edu> |
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English |
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0001-4575 |
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| Notes |
PMID:17126278 |
Approved |
no |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
Serial |
648 |
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| Author |
Owen, D. |
| Title |
The Dark Side. Making war on light pollution |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
The New Yorker |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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| Keywords |
Lighting |
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no |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
Serial |
791 |
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| Author |
Stevens, R.G.; Blask, D.E.; Brainard, G.C.; Hansen, J.; Lockley, S.W.; Provencio, I.; Rea, M.S.; Reinlib, L. |
| Title |
Meeting report: the role of environmental lighting and circadian disruption in cancer and other diseases |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Environmental Health Perspectives |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Health Perspect |
| Volume |
115 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1357-1362 |
| Keywords |
Human Health; Animals; *Circadian Rhythm; Environmental Exposure; Humans; *Lighting/adverse effects; *Neoplasms/etiology; Research; breast cancer; circadian rhythms; clock genes; lighting; melatonin; phototransduction; pineal gland |
| Abstract |
Light, including artificial light, has a range of effects on human physiology and behavior and can therefore alter human physiology when inappropriately timed. One example of potential light-induced disruption is the effect of light on circadian organization, including the production of several hormone rhythms. Changes in light-dark exposure (e.g., by nonday occupation or transmeridian travel) shift the timing of the circadian system such that internal rhythms can become desynchronized from both the external environment and internally with each other, impairing our ability to sleep and wake at the appropriate times and compromising physiologic and metabolic processes. Light can also have direct acute effects on neuroendocrine systems, for example, in suppressing melatonin synthesis or elevating cortisol production that may have untoward long-term consequences. For these reasons, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences convened a workshop of a diverse group of scientists to consider how best to conduct research on possible connections between lighting and health. According to the participants in the workshop, there are three broad areas of research effort that need to be addressed. First are the basic biophysical and molecular genetic mechanisms for phototransduction for circadian, neuroendocrine, and neurobehavioral regulation. Second are the possible physiologic consequences of disrupting these circadian regulatory processes such as on hormone production, particularly melatonin, and normal and neoplastic tissue growth dynamics. Third are effects of light-induced physiologic disruption on disease occurrence and prognosis, and how prevention and treatment could be improved by application of this knowledge. |
| Address |
Department of Community Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-6325, USA. bugs@uchc.edu |
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English |
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0091-6765 |
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| Notes |
PMID:17805428; PMCID:PMC1964886 |
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no |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
Serial |
821 |
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| Author |
Fressoz, J.-B. |
| Title |
The Gas Lighting Controversy: Technological Risk, Expertise, and Regulation in Nineteenth-Century Paris and London |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Journal of Urban History |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Urban History |
| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
729-755 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Regulations |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0096-1442 |
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Approved |
no |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
Serial |
1037 |
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