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Author  |
Aceituno, J.; Sánchez, S.F.; Aceituno, F.J.; GaladÃ-EnrÃquez, D.; Negro, J.J.; Soriguer, R.C.; Gomez, G.S. |
| Title |
An All-Sky Transmission Monitor: ASTMON |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific |
Abbreviated Journal |
Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific |
| Volume |
123 |
Issue |
907 |
Pages |
1076-1086 |
| Keywords |
monitoring; light at night; light pollution; skyglow |
| Abstract |
We present here the All-Sky Transmission Monitor (ASTMON), designed to perform a continuous monitoring of the surface brightness of the complete night sky in several bands. The data acquired are used to derive, in addition, a subsequent map of the multiband atmospheric extinction at any location in the sky and a map of the cloud coverage. The instrument has been manufactured to withstand extreme weather conditions and to remain operative. Designed to be fully robotic, it is ideal to be installed outdoors as a permanent monitoring station. The preliminary results based on two of the currently operative units (at Doñana National Park, Huelva, and at the Calar Alto Observatory, AlmerÃa, Spain) are presented here. The parameters derived using ASTMON are in good agreement with those previously reported, which illustrates the validity of the design and the accuracy of the manufacturing. The information provided by this instrument will be presented in forthcoming articles, once we have accumulated a statistically significant amount of data. |
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0004-6280 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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195 |
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| Author |
Addison, D.; Stewart, B. |
| Title |
Nighttime Lights Revisited: The Use of Nighttime Lights Data as a Proxy for Economic Variables |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
World Bank Group Policy Research Working Papers |
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| Keywords |
Economics; earth observation; satellite imagery; DMSP-OLS; NPP-VIIRS; gross domestic product; electric power consumption; capital; population; linear regression; night-time light data; economic monitoring |
| Abstract |
The growing availability of free or inexpensive satellite imagery has inspired many researchers to investigate the use of earth observation data for monitoring economic activity around the world. One of the most popular earth observation data sets is the so-called nighttime lights from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. Researchers have found positive correlations between nighttime lights and several economic variables. These correlations are based on data measured in levels, with a cross-section of observations within a single time period across countries or other geographic units. The findings suggest that nighttime lights could be used as a proxy for some economic variables, especially in areas or times where data are weak or unavailable. Yet, logic suggests that nighttime lights cannot serve as a good proxy for monitoring the within-in country growth rates all of these variables. Examples examined this paper include constant price gross domestic product, nonagricultural gross domestic product, manufacturing value
added, and capital stocks, as well as electricity consumption, total population, and urban population. The study finds that the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program data are quite noisy and therefore the resulting growth elasticities of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program nighttime lights with respect to most of these socioeconomic variables are low, unstable over time, and generate little explanatory power. The one exception for which Defense Meteorological Satellite Program nighttime lights could serve as a proxy is electricity consumption, measured in 10-year intervals. It is hoped that improved data from the recently launched Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership satellite will help expand or improve these outcomes. Testing this should be an important next step. |
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DAddison(at)worldbank.org |
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World Bank Group |
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English |
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English |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1363 |
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Chalkias, C.; Petrakis, M.; Psiloglou, B.; Lianou, M. |
| Title |
Modelling of light pollution in suburban areas using remotely sensed imagery and GIS |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Journal of Environmental Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Environ Manage |
| Volume |
79 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
57-63 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing; Air Pollutants/*analysis; Cities; Environmental Monitoring/*methods; *Geographic Information Systems; Greece; Humans; *Light; Models, Theoretical; *Suburban Health |
| Abstract |
This paper describes a methodology for modelling light pollution using geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) technology. The proposed approach attempts to address the issue of environmental assessment in sensitive suburban areas. The modern way of life in developing countries is conductive to environmental degradation in urban and suburban areas. One specific parameter for this degradation is light pollution due to intense artificial night lighting. This paper aims to assess this parameter for the Athens metropolitan area, using modern analytical and data capturing technologies. For this purpose, night-time satellite images and analogue maps have been used in order to create the spatial database of the GIS for the study area. Using GIS advanced analytical functionality, visibility analysis was implemented. The outputs for this analysis are a series of maps reflecting direct and indirect light pollution around the city of Athens. Direct light pollution corresponds to optical contact with artificial night light sources, while indirect light pollution corresponds to optical contact with the sky glow above the city. Additionally, the assessment of light pollution in different periods allows for dynamic evaluation of the phenomenon. The case study demonstrates high levels of light pollution in Athens suburban areas and its increase over the last decade. |
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Department of Geography, Harokopio University, El. Venizelou Str., Kalithea, 17671 Athens, Greece. xalkias@hua.gr |
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0301-4797 |
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PMID:16171928 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
Serial |
729 |
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Ditmer, M.A.; Iannarilli, F.; Tri, A.N.; Garshelis, D.L.; Carter, N.H. |
| Title |
Artificial night light helps account for observer bias in citizen science monitoring of an expanding large mammal population |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
The Journal of Animal Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Anim Ecol |
| Volume |
90 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
330-342 |
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Animals; Remote sensing; bears; human-wildlife interactions; occupancy model; range expansion; spatial bias; species monitoring |
| Abstract |
The integration of citizen scientists into ecological research is transforming how, where, and when data are collected, and expanding the potential scales of ecological studies. Citizen-science projects can provide numerous benefits for participants while educating and connecting professionals with lay audiences, potentially increasing the acceptance of conservation and management actions. However, for all the benefits, collection of citizen-science data is often biased towards areas that are easily accessible (e.g. developments and roadways), and thus data are usually affected by issues typical of opportunistic surveys (e.g. uneven sampling effort). These areas are usually illuminated by artificial light at night (ALAN), a dynamic sensory stimulus that alters the perceptual world for both humans and wildlife. Our goal was to test whether satellite-based measures of ALAN could improve our understanding of the detection process of citizen-scientist-reported sightings of a large mammal. We collected observations of American black bears Ursus americanus (n = 1,315) outside their primary range in Minnesota, USA, as part of a study to gauge population expansion. Participants from the public provided sighting locations of bears on a website. We used an occupancy modelling framework to determine how well ALAN accounted for observer metrics compared to other commonly used metrics (e.g. housing density). Citizen scientists reported 17% of bear sightings were under artificially lit conditions and monthly ALAN estimates did the best job accounting for spatial bias in detection of all observations, based on AIC values and effect sizes ( beta ^ = 0.81, 0.71-0.90 95% CI). Bear detection increased with elevated illuminance; relative abundance was positively associated with natural cover, proximity to primary bear range and lower road density. Although the highest counts of bear sightings occurred in the highly illuminated suburbs of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan region, we estimated substantially higher bear abundance in another region with plentiful natural cover and low ALAN (up to ~375% increased predicted relative abundance) where observations were sparse. We demonstrate the importance of considering ALAN radiance when analysing citizen-scientist-collected data, and we highlight the ways that ALAN data provide a dynamic snapshot of human activity. |
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School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA |
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0021-8790 |
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PMID:32895962 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
3349 |
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| Author |
Duriscoe, D.M.; Luginbuhl, C.B.; Moore, C.W. |
| Title |
Measuring Night-Sky Brightness with a Wide-Field CCD Camera |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific |
Abbreviated Journal |
Publ Astron Soc Pac |
| Volume |
119 |
Issue |
852 |
Pages |
192-213 |
| Keywords |
light pollution; light at night; skyglow; monitoring; measurement; CCD |
| Abstract |
We describe a system for rapidly measuring the brightness of the night sky using a mosaic of CCD images obtained with a low-cost automated system. The portable system produces millions of independent photometric measurements covering the entire sky, enabling the detailed characterization of natural sky conditions and light domes produced by cities. The measurements are calibrated using images of standard stars contained within the raw data, producing results closely tracking the Johnson V astronomical standard. The National Park Service has collected hundreds of data sets at numerous parks since 2001 and is using these data for the protection and monitoring of the night-sky visual resource. This system also allows comprehensive characterization of sky conditions at astronomical observatories. We explore photometric issues raised by the broadband measurement of the complex and variable night-sky spectrum, and potential indices of night-sky quality. |
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0004-6280 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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193 |
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