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Author |
Schnitt, S.; Ruhtz, T.; Fischer, J.; Hölker, F.; Kyba, C.C.M. |
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Title |
Temperature stability of the sky quality meter |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sensors (Basel) |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages  |
12166-12174 |
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Keywords |
*Artifacts; Atmosphere/*analysis; Environmental Monitoring/*instrumentation; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Photometry/*instrumentation; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Temperature; *Transducers; Sky Quality Meter; SQM |
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Abstract |
The stability of radiance measurements taken by the Sky Quality Meter (SQM)was tested under rapidly changing temperature conditions during exposure to a stable light field in the laboratory. The reported radiance was found to be negatively correlated with temperature, but remained within 7% of the initial reported radiance over a temperature range of -15 degrees C to 35 degrees C, and during temperature changes of -33 degrees C/h and +70 degrees C/h.This is smaller than the manufacturer's quoted unit-to-unit systematic uncertainty of 10%,indicating that the temperature compensation of the SQM is adequate under expected outdoor operating conditions. |
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Institute for Space Sciences, Freie Universitat Berlin, Carl-Heinrich-Becker-Weg 6-10, Berlin 12165, Germany. christopher.kyba@wew.fu-berlin.de |
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English |
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1424-8220 |
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PMID:24030682; PMCID:PMC3821345 |
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no |
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IDA @ john @ |
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194 |
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Author |
Bará, S. |
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Title |
Characterizing the zenithal night sky brightness in large territories: how many samples per square kilometre are needed? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
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473 |
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3 |
Pages |
4164-4173 |
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Keywords |
Instrumentation; atmospheric effects; light pollution; numerical methods; photometry |
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Abstract |
A recurring question arises when trying to characterize, by means of measurements or theoretical calculations, the zenithal night sky brightness throughout a large territory: how many samples per square kilometre are needed? The optimum sampling distance should allow reconstructing, with sufficient accuracy, the continuous zenithal brightness map across the whole region, whilst at the same time avoiding unnecessary and redundant oversampling. This paper attempts to provide some tentative answers to this issue, using two complementary tools: the luminance structure function and the Nyquist–Shannon spatial sampling theorem. The analysis of several regions of the world, based on the data from the New world atlas of artificial night sky brightness, suggests that, as a rule of thumb, about one measurement per square kilometre could be sufficient for determining the zenithal night sky brightness of artificial origin at any point in a region to within ±0.1 magV arcsec–2 (in the root-mean-square sense) of its true value in the Johnson–Cousins V band. The exact reconstruction of the zenithal night sky brightness maps from samples taken at the Nyquist rate seems to be considerably more demanding. |
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1Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; salva.bara(at)usc.es |
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Oxford Academic |
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English |
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English |
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0035-8711 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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2164 |
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Author |
Jechow, A.; Holker, F.; Kyba, C.C.M. |
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Title |
Using all-sky differential photometry to investigate how nocturnal clouds darken the night sky in rural areas |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1391 |
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Keywords |
Skyglow; differential photometry; clouds; sky brightness |
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Artificial light at night has affected most of the natural nocturnal landscapes worldwide and the subsequent light pollution has diverse effects on flora, fauna and human well-being. To evaluate the environmental impacts of light pollution, it is crucial to understand both the natural and artificial components of light at night under all weather conditions. The night sky brightness for clear skies is relatively well understood and a reference point for a lower limit is defined. However, no such reference point exists for cloudy skies. While some studies have examined the brightening of the night sky by clouds in urban areas, the published data on the (natural) darkening by clouds is very sparse. Knowledge of reference points for the illumination of natural nocturnal environments however, is essential for experimental design and ecological modeling to assess the impacts of light pollution. Here we use differential all-sky photometry with a commercial digital camera to investigate how clouds darken sky brightness at two rural sites. The spatially resolved data enables us to identify and study the nearly unpolluted parts of the sky and to set an upper limit on ground illumination for overcast nights at sites without light pollution. |
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GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Remote Sensing, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany |
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English |
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ISSN |
2045-2322 |
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PMID:30718668; PMCID:PMC6361923 |
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no |
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Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
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2188 |
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Author |
Cinzano, P.; Falchi, F. |
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Title |
A portable wide-field instrument for mapping night sky brightness automatically |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Memorie della Società Astronomica Italiana |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mem. S.A. It. |
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74 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
458-459 |
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Keywords |
Instrumentation; all-sky; photometry; sky brightness |
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We present a portable automatic instrument for monitoring night sky brightness and atmospherical transparency in astronomical photometrical bands. Main requirements were: fast and automatic coverage of the entire sky, lightness, transportability and quick set-up in order to take measurements from more sites in the same night, easily available commercial components and software to be reproduced by any interested institution, included amateurs astronomers groups. |
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Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologia dell’Inquinamento Luminoso, Thiene, Italy |
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Società Astronomica Italiana |
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English |
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English |
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1824-016X |
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Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
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2243 |
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Author |
Rybnikova, N.A.; Portnov, B.A. |
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Title |
Using light-at-night (LAN) satellite data for identifying clusters of economic activities in Europe |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lett. Spatial & Resource Sci. |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
307–334 |
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Keywords |
Remote Sensing; Economic activities; Clusters; Satellite photometry; Light-at-night; Europe; Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics; C13; C38; O52; Economics |
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Abstract |
Enterprises organized in clusters are often efficient in stimulating urban development, productivity and profit outflows. Identifying the clusters of economic activities thus becomes an important step in devising regional development policies, aimed at the formation of clusters of economic activities in geographic areas in which this objective is desirable. However, a major problem with the identification of such clusters stems from limited reporting by individual countries and administrative entities on the regional distribution of specific economic activities, especially for small regional subdivisions. In this study, we test a possibility that missing data on geographic concentrations of economic activities in the European NUTS3 regions can be reconstructed using light-at-night satellite measurements, and that such reconstructed data can then be used for cluster identification. The matter is that light-at-night, captured by satellite sensors, is characterized by different intensity, depending on its source—production facilities, services, etc. As a result, light-at-night can become a marker of different types of economic activities, a hypothesis that the present study confirms. In particular, as the present analysis indicates, average light-at-night intensities emitted from NUTS3 regions help to explain up to 94 % variance in the areal density of several types of economic activities, performing especially well for professional, scientific and technical services (R^2=0.742−0.939), public administration (R^2=0.642−0.934), as well as for arts, entertainment and recreation (R^2=0.718−0.934). As a result, clusters of these economic activities can be identified using light-at-night data, thus helping to supplement missing information and assist regional analysis. |
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Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Faculty of Management, University of Haifa, 31805, Mt. Carmel, Israel; Portnov@research.haifa.ac.il |
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Springer |
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English |
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English |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1148 |
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