| Records |
| Author |
Borges, R.M. |
| Title |
Dark Matters: Challenges of Nocturnal Communication Between Plants and Animals in Delivery of Pollination Services |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
91 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages  |
33-42 |
| Keywords |
Plants; Animals |
| Abstract |
The night is a special niche characterized by dim light, lower temperatures, and higher humidity compared to the day. Several animals have made the transition from the day into the night and have acquired unique adaptations to cope with the challenges of performing nocturnal activities. Several plant species have opted to bloom at night, possibly as a response to aridity to prevent excessive water loss through evapotranspiration since flowering is often a water-demanding process, or to protect pollen from heat stress. Nocturnal pollinators have visual adaptations to function under dim light conditions but may also trade off vision against olfaction when they are dependent on nectar-rewarding and scented flowers. Nocturnal pollinators may use CO2 and humidity cues emanating from freshly-opened flowers as indicators of nectar-rich resources. Some endothermic nocturnal insect pollinators are attracted to thermogenic flowers within which they remain to obtain heat as a reward to increase their energy budget. This review focuses on mechanisms that pollinators use to find flowers at night, and the signals that nocturnally blooming flowers may employ to attract pollinators under dim light conditions. It also indicates gaps in our knowledge. While millions of years of evolutionary time have given pollinators and plants solutions to the delivery of pollination services and to the offering of appropriate rewards, this history of successful evolution is being threatened by artificial light at night. Excessive and inappropriate illumination associated with anthropogenic activities has resulted in significant light pollution which serves to undermine life processes governed by dim light. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1832 |
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PENG, Y., ZHANG, H., GUO, K., DING, Y., WANG, X. |
| Title |
The Safe Distance Between Road Lighting Fixtures and Street Trees. |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of Landscape Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
41-43 |
| Keywords |
Plants; Planning |
| Abstract |
The road lighting system and the road greening system, which are mutually interrelated and independent, are two important parts in the urban road environment Unreasonable road lighting is easy to induce light pollution and has a great negative impact on the physiology and growth of garden plants in the urban green space. In this paper; 21 kinds of common tree species in the urban green space of Zhengzhou were selected as the research object, and the photosynthetic physiological parameters of landscape trees under the TKD light source were observed using LI-6400 Photosynthesis System. This paper attempted to find the critical point for initiating photosynthesis of different types of tree species under a certain light source and then calculated the safe distance between lighting fixtures and landscape trees. The results showed that road lighting interfered with the photosynthetic physiological activities of the surveyed trees, affecting the normal dormancy of the plants at night; the sensitivity of different tree species to night lighting was different, and there were some differences in the light compensation points, so the corresponding safe distance was also different It is hoped that this study can provide a valuable reference and scientific basis for urban toad greening and lighting design. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2648 |
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Gaston, K.J.; Davies, T.W.; Nedelec, S.L.; Holt, L.A. |
| Title |
Impacts of Artificial Light at Night on Biological Timings |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. |
| Volume |
48 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
49-68 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Plants; Review |
| Abstract |
The use of artificial lighting to illuminate the night has provided substantial benefits to humankind. It has also disrupted natural daily, seasonal, and lunar light cycles as experienced by a diversity of organisms, and hence it has also altered cues for the timings of many biological activities. Here we review the evidence for impacts of artificial nighttime lighting on these timings. Although the examples are scattered, concerning a wide variety of species and environments, the breadth of such impacts is compelling. Indeed, it seems reasonable to conclude that the vast majority of impacts of artificial nighttime lighting stem from effects on biological timings. This adds support to arguments that artificial nighttime lighting has a quite pervasive and marked impact on ecological systems, that the rapid expansion in the global extent of both direct illuminance and skyglow is thus of significant concern, and that a widespread implementation of mitigation measures is required. |
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1543-592X |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2449 |
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Grubisic, M.; Singer, G.; Bruno, M.C.; van Grunsven, R.H.A.; Manfrin, A.; Monaghan, M.T.; Hölker, F. |
| Title |
A pigment composition analysis reveals community changes in pre-established stream periphyton under low-level artificial light at night |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Limnologica |
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| Volume |
69 |
Issue |
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Pages |
55-58 |
| Keywords |
Plants; Ecology |
| Abstract |
Freshwaters are increasingly exposed to artificial light at night (ALAN), yet the consequences for aquatic primary producers remain largely unknown. We used stream-side flumes to expose three-week-old periphyton to LED light. Pigment composition was used to infer community changes in LED-lit and control periphyton before and after three weeks of treatment. The proportion of diatoms/chrysophytes decreased (14%) and cyanobacteria increased (17%) in lit periphyton in spring. This may reduce periphyton nutritional quality in artificially-lit waters. |
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0075-9511 |
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LoNNe @ schroer @ |
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1791 |
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Bian, Z.; Cheng, R.; Wang, Y.; Yang, Q.; Lu, C. |
| Title |
Effect of green light on nitrate reduction and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) under short-term continuous light from red and blue light-emitting diodes |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Environmental and Experimental Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environmental and Experimental Botany |
| Volume |
153 |
Issue |
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Pages |
63-71 |
| Keywords |
Plants |
| Abstract |
Most leafy vegetables can accumulate large amounts of nitrate, which are often associated with harmful effects on human health. Nitrate assimilation in plants is determined by various growth conditions, especially light conditions including light intensity, light duration and light spectral composition. Red and blue light are the most important since both drive photosynthesis. Increasingly, recent evidence demonstrates a role for green light in the regulation of plant growth and development by regulating the expression of some specific genes. However, the effect of green light on nitrate assimilation has been underestimated. In this study, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Butterhead) was treated with continuous light (CL) for 48 h by combined red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) supplemented with or without green LED in an environment-controlled growth chamber. The results showed that nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR) related-gene expression and nitrate assimilation enzyme activities were affected by light spectral composition and light duration of CL. Adding green light to red and blue light promoted NR and NiR expressions at 24 h, subsequently, it reduced expression of these genes during CL. Compared with red and blue LEDs, green light supplementation significantly increased NR, NiR, glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities. Green-light supplementation under red and blue light was more efficient in promoting nutritional values by maintaining high net photosynthetic rates (Pn) and maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm). |
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0098-8472 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1915 |
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