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Neale, W., Marr, J., McKelvey, N., & Kuzel, M. |
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Title |
Nighttime Visibility in Varying Moonlight Conditions |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-1005 |
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Public Safety; Moonlight; Vision |
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When the visibility of an object or person in the roadway from a driver’s perspective is an issue, the potential effect of moonlight is sometimes questioned. To assess this potential effect, methods typically used to quantify visibility were performed during conditions with no moon and with a full moon. In the full moon condition, measurements were collected from initial moon rise until the moon reached peak azimuth. Baseline ambient light measurements of illumination at the test surface were measured in both no moon and full moon scenarios. Additionally, a vehicle with activated low beam headlamps was positioned in the testing area and the change in illumination at two locations forward of the vehicle was recorded at thirty-minute intervals as the moon rose to the highest position in the sky. Also, two separate luminance readings were recorded during the test intervals, one location 75 feet in front and to the left of the vehicle, and another 150 feet forward of the vehicle. These luminance readings yielding the change in reflected light attributable to the moon. In addition to the quantitative measurement of light contributed by the moon, documentation to the change in visibility of objects and pedestrians located on the roadway were documented through photographs. Calibrated nighttime photographs were taken from the driver’s perspective inside the vehicle with low beam headlamps activated. The photographs were analyzed after testing to determine how the light intensity of the pixels in the photographs changed at each thirty-minute interval due to the additional light contribution from the moon. The results of this testing indicate that the quantifiable change in visibility distance attributable to added moonlight was negligible, and in real-world driving situations, the effect of additional illumination from a full moon would be unlikely to affect the detection of an object or pedestrian in or near the travel lane of the roadway. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2355 |
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Outen, A. R. |
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Title |
The ecological effects of road lighting |
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2002 |
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In: Sherwood, B.R.; Cutler, D. und Burton, J. (Hrsg.): Wildlife and Roads: The Ecological Impact. London |
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133-155 |
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Public Safety; Animals; Conservation |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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700 |
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Ramsay, M.; Newton, R. |
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Title |
THE EFFECT OF BETTER STREET LIGHTING ON CRIME AND FEAR: A REVIEW |
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1991 |
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Crime prevention unit paper No. 29, London Home Office |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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455 |
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Raynham, P.; Unwin, J.; Khazova, M.; Tolia, S. |
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Title |
The role of lighting in road traffic collisions |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Lighting Research & Technology |
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Lighting Research & Technology |
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52 |
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4 |
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485-494 |
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Public Safety |
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The paper reports a study that examines how to determine if a road traffic collision took place in daylight or in the dark. An innovative method was developed, based on solar altitude, to establish cut-off points of daylight and darkness determined from a study of daylight availability in England, Scotland and Wales. This approach provides a rigorous method to differentiate daytime and night-time collisions. The criteria were used in a study of the collisions reported in the STATS19 data set for the weeks either side of the clock changes that are necessary between Greenwich Mean Time and British Summer Time. By comparing periods with the same clock time either side of the time change, using the aforementioned method, it was possible to isolate collisions within the same time period that during one week occurred in darkness and in the other week in daylight. The initial finding was that there are 19.3% more collisions in the dark periods and there is an even greater increase (31.7%) in pedestrian injuries. |
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1477-1535 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2991 |
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Rea, M.; Skinner, N.; Bullough, J. |
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A Novel Barricade Warning Light System Using Wireless Communications |
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2018 |
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SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-5036 |
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In press |
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Lighting; Safety |
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Workers in construction and transportation sectors are at increased risk for work-related injuries and fatalities by nearby traffic. Barricade-mounted warning lights meeting current specifications do not always provide consistent and adequate visual guidance to drivers and can contribute to glare and reduced safety. Through an implementation of sensors and wireless communications, a novel, intelligent set of warning lights and a tablet-based interface were developed. The lights modulate between 100% and 10% of maximum intensity rather than between 100% and off in order to improve visual guidance and adjust their overall intensity based on ambient conditions. The lights can be synchronized or operated in sequential flash patterns at any frequency between 1 and 4 Hz, and sequential patterns automatically update based on global positioning satellite (GPS) locations displayed in the control interface. A successful field demonstration of the system verified that its functions were viewed favorably by transportation safety personnel. |
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NC @ ehyde3 @ |
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2117 |
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