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Fotios, S.; Monteiro, A.L.; Uttley, J. |
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Title |
Evaluation of pedestrian reassurance gained by higher illuminances in residential streets using the day–dark approach |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Lighting Research & Technology |
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Lighting Research & Technology |
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in press |
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Vision; Psychology; Security |
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A field study was conducted to investigate how changes in the illuminance affect pedestrian reassurance when walking after dark in an urban location. The field study was conducted in daytime and after dark in order to employ the day–dark approach to analysis of optimal lighting. The results suggest that minimum illuminance is a better predictor of reassurance than is mean illuminance. For a day–dark difference of 0.5 units on a 6-point response scale, the results suggest a minimum horizontal illuminance of approximately 2.0 lux. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2159 |
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Suk, J.Y.; Walter, R.J. |
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New nighttime roadway lighting documentation applied to public safety at night: A case study in San Antonio, Texas |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
Sustainable Cities and Society |
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Sustainable Cities and Society |
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46 |
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101459 |
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Lighting; Public Safety; Security; Planning |
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Built environment and public safety professionals view street lighting as an important factor in improving the well-being of the community at night. Extant research that has examined the relationship between street lighting and public safety has found inconclusive or mixed results and has called for more extensive lighting metrics. Using new lighting measurement technologies and geographic information science, this study builds on previous work to demonstrate new metrics to consider when evaluating public safety, specifically crime and traffic accidents. Downtown San Antonio, Texas is used as a case study to explore illuminance levels on roadways and the driver’s eye, and how these metrics can be used to understand the lighting characteristics of where crime and traffic accidents occur. The findings indicate that the central downtown district in San Antonio has higher illuminance levels than the existing roadway lighting guidelines while the residential downtown neighborhoods have insufficient light levels. Statistical analysis reveals that roadway illuminance levels are higher in areas where no crime occurred and driver’s eye illuminance levels are lower in areas with no traffic accidents. The findings prove the usefulness of new lighting documentation techniques and support the importance of considering illuminance metrics when assessing crime and traffic accidents at night. |
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2191 |
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DeCoursey, W., Braun, D., & Oza, J. |
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Title |
Pedestrian Lighting, Acceptable Levels of Light: A Pilot Project |
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2019 |
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Institute for Public Administration |
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Lighting; Public Safety; Security |
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This pilot project study was intended to demonstrate that assessing the adequacy of an area’s pedestrian lighting need not be an expensive, time-consuming, or overly complicated process. Though the discussion of methods of pedestrian lighting can become quite technical and involved, as demonstrated in a 2016 IPA report on the topic, “Delaware Transportation Lighting Inventory & Assessment” (http://www.ipa.udel.edu/publications/transportationlighting-2016.pdf), simply observing and recording light levels in a given study area is quite straightforward. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2710 |
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Svechkina, A.; Trop, T.; Portnov, B.A. |
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Title |
How Much Lighting is Required to Feel Safe When Walking Through the Streets at Night? |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Sustainability |
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Sustainability |
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12 |
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8 |
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3133 |
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Public Safety; Security |
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Public space lighting (PSL) is indispensable after the natural dark. However, little is known about how much PSL people actually need to feel sufficiently safe in different real-world urban settings. The present study attempts to answer this question by employing a novel real-time interactive approach, according to which, observers use a specially-designed mobile phone application to assess and report the perceived attributes of street lighting and the feeling of safety (FoS) it generates. To validate the proposed approach, a systematic survey was conducted in three cities in Israel—Tel Aviv-Yafo and Haifa, which lie on the Mediterranean coast, and Be’er Sheba, which lies inland. Additionally, instrumental PSL measurements were performed at the same locations. As the study reveals, the necessary level of illumination required by urban residents to feel safe differs by city and is significantly higher in Be’er Sheba, other factors held equal, in compare to Haifa and Tel Aviv-Yafo. This difference may be attributed to stronger daylight that the residents of the desert city of Be’er Sheba are accustomed to, and, therefore, may prefer stronger nighttime illumination. The difference could also be related to the relatively low socio-economic status and somewhat higher crime rates in the latter city. Findings also show a significant and positive association between FoS and instrumentally measured PSL levels, although this association exhibits diminishing returns. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to use an interactive location- and time-based mobile phone technology, which can potentially provide more accurate and reliable assessments, compared to traditional “pen and paper” survey techniques. |
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2071-1050 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2884 |
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Author |
Struyf P.; Enhus E.; Bauwens T.; Melgaço L. |
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Literature study: The effects of reduced public lighting on crime, fear of crime, and road safety |
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2019 |
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west-vlaanderen |
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Safety; Security; Psychology; Review |
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1. Introduction
1.1 Stating the problem: security versus climate and economic challenges
Public street lighting as a public service is often taken for granted. However, its impact on the nocturnal perception of public space should not be underestimated. It encourages people to get out, feel safe, and be safe. Indeed, Welsh and Farrington suggest that public lighting enhances social control, cohesion, and a feeling of community pride (Welsh & Farrington, 2008b). According to (Williams, 2008), this is due to the special meaning attached to the darkness of night in society. It is associated with changes in social norms and values, transgression, the release of social control, feasting, drinking, and pleasure. Meanwhile, the darkness of night generates unpredictability, uncertainty and, therefore, fear. Illuminating the night chases away these feelings; people feel reassured and safer (Schivelbusch, 1995). |
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UP @ altintas1 @ |
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3206 |
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