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ILE The Institution of Lighting Engineers |
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Title |
GUIDANCE NOTES FOR THE REDUCTION OF OBTRUSIVE LIGHT |
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2005 |
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1-4 |
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Lighting |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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636 |
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ILP Institution of Lightinging Professionals |
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Title |
GUIDANCE NOTES FOR THE REDUCTION OF OBTRUSIVE LIGHT |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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1-10 |
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Lighting |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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637 |
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Author |
Jackett, M.; Frith, W. |
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Title |
Quantifying the impact of road lighting on road safety -- A New Zealand Study |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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IATSS Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
IATSS Research |
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36 |
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2 |
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139-145 |
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Keywords |
Lighting; roadway lighting; road safety; traffic safety; public safety |
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Abstract |
It is well known from the literature that road lighting has significant safety benefits. The NZTA Economic Evaluation Manual (EEM) quotes a 35% reduction in crashes as the effect of upgrading or improving lighting where lighting is poor.
However, no well-established dose–response relationship to lighting parameters exists from which one can deduce benchmark levels of lighting for safety.
This study looked at a sample of street lighting installations spread over the urban areas of nine territorial local authorities. Standard street lighting parameters were measured in the field using a variety of instruments including illuminance meter, luminance meter and digital camera. Field measurements were related to the ratio of night-time to day time crashes as a measure of night time safety vis-a-vis daytime safety.
A statistically significant dose–response relationship was found between average road luminance and safety across all traffic volume groups, with an indication that the relationship may be stronger where more serious crashes are involved.
Threshold increment was also a significant variable but not so longitudinal uniformity or overall uniformity.
The results related to luminance will allow practitioners to better estimate the safety benefits of different levels of lighting resulting in better targeting of expenditure. |
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Jackett Consulting, Lower Hutt, New Zealand; jackett(at)paradise.net.nz |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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English |
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0386-1112 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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638 |
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Juntunen, E.; Tetri, E.; Tapaninen, O.; Yrjänä S.; Kondratyev, V; . Sitomaniemi, A.; Siirtola, H.; Sarjanoja, E.M.; Aikio, J.; Heikkinen, V |
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A smart LED luminaire for energy savings in pedestrian road lighting. |
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2013 |
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Lighting Research and Technology |
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47 |
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1 |
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103-115 |
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Lighting |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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639 |
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Kayumov, L.; Casper, R.F.; Hawa, R.J.; Perelman, B.; Chung, S.A.; Sokalsky, S.; Shapiro, C.M. |
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Title |
Blocking low-wavelength light prevents nocturnal melatonin suppression with no adverse effect on performance during simulated shift work |
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2005 |
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The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism |
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
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90 |
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5 |
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2755-2761 |
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Lighting; Adult; *Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; *Light; Male; Melatonin/*secretion; *Work Schedule Tolerance |
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Decreases in melatonin production in human and animals are known to be caused by environmental lighting, especially short-wavelength lighting (between 470 and 525 nm). We investigated the novel hypothesis that the use of goggles with selective exclusion of all wavelengths less than 530 nm could prevent the suppression of melatonin in bright-light conditions during a simulated shift-work experiment. Salivary melatonin levels were measured under dim (<5 lux), bright (800 lux), and filtered (800 lux) light at hourly intervals between 2000 and 0800 h in 11 healthy young males and eight females (mean age, 24.7 +/- 4.6 yr). The measurements were performed during three nonconsecutive nights over a 2-wk period. Subjective sleepiness was measured by self-report scales, whereas objective performance was assessed with the Continuous Performance Test. All subjects demonstrated preserved melatonin levels in filtered light similar to their dim-light secretion profile. Unfiltered bright light drastically suppressed melatonin production. Normalization of endogenous melatonin production while wearing goggles did not impair measures of performance, subjective sleepiness, or alertness. |
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Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, ECW 3D-035, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 2S8. lkayumov@uhnres.utoronto.ca |
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0021-972X |
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PMID:15713707 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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640 |
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