| Records |
| Author |
Kocifaj, M.; Solano Lamphar, H.A. |
| Title |
Skyglow: a retrieval of the approximate radiant intensity function of ground-based light sources |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
| Volume |
439 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
3405-3413 |
| Keywords |
radiative transfer; atmospheric effects; light pollution; methods: observational; site testing; skyglow; modeling |
| Abstract |
The angular distribution of the light emitted from a city is an important source of information about public lighting systems and it also plays a key role in modelling the skyglow. Usually, the upwardly directed radiation is characterized through a parametrized emission function – a semi-empirical approach as a reasonable approximation that allows for fast computations. However, theoretical or experimental retrievals of emission characteristics are extremely difficult to obtain because of both the complexity of radiative transfer methods and/or the lack of highly specialized measuring devices.
Our research has been conducted with the specific objective to identify an efficient theoretical technique for retrieval of the emission pattern of ground-based light sources in order to determine the optimum values of the scaling parameters of the Garstang function. In particular, the input data involve the zenith luminance or radiance with horizontal illuminance or irradiance. Theoretical ratios of zenith luminance LV(0) to horizontal illuminance DV are calculated for a set of distances d that separate a hypothetical observer from the light source (a city or town). This approach is advantageous because inexpensive traditional equipment can be used to obtain the mean values of the Garstang parameters. Furthermore, it can also be applied to other parametrizable emission functions and to any measuring site, even one with a masked horizon. |
| Address |
Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovak Republic |
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Place of Publication |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0035-8711 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
326 |
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| Author |
Weishampel, Z.A.; Cheng, W.-H.; Weishampel, J.F. |
| Title |
Sea turtle nesting patterns in Florida vis-Ã -vis satellite-derived measures of artificial lighting |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sens Ecol Conserv |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
59-72 |
| Keywords |
Animals; sea turtles; Artificial light; DMSP; light pollution; marine turtles; nest surveys; simultaneous autoregressive modeling; Florida; United States; Loggerhead turtle; Caretta caretta; Leatherback turtle; Dermochelys coriacea; Green turtle; Chelonia mydas |
| Abstract |
Light pollution contributes to the degradation and reduction of habitat for wildlife. Nocturnally nesting and hatching sea turtle species are particularly sensitive to artificial light near nesting beaches. At local scales (0.01–0.1 km), artificial light has been experimentally shown to deter nesting females and disorient hatchlings. This study used satellite-based remote sensing to assess broad scale (~1–100s km) effects of artificial light on nesting patterns of loggerhead (Caretta caretta), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) along the Florida coastline. Annual artificial nightlight data from 1992 to 2012 acquired by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) were compared to an extensive nesting dataset for 368, ~1 km beach segments from this same 21-year period. Relationships between nest densities and artificial lighting were derived using simultaneous autoregressive models to adjust for the presence of spatial autocorrelation. Though coastal urbanization increased in Florida during this period, nearly two-thirds of the surveyed beaches exhibited decreasing light levels (N = 249); only a small fraction of the beaches showed significant increases (N = 52). Nest densities for all three sea turtle species were negatively influenced by artificial light at neighborhood scales (<100 km); however, only loggerhead and green turtle nest densities were influenced by artificial light levels at the individual beach scale (~1 km). Satellite monitoring shows promise for light management of extensive or remote areas. As the spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions of the satellite data are coarse, ground measurements are suggested to confirm that artificial light levels on beaches during the nesting season correspond to the annual nightlight measures. |
| Address |
Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA; John.Weishampel(at)ucf.edu |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Wiley |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2056-3485 |
ISBN |
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no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1346 |
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