| Records |
| Author |
Solano Lamphar, H.A.; Kocifaj, M. |
| Title |
Urban night-sky luminance due to different cloud types: A numerical experiment |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Res. & Tech. |
| Volume |
48 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1017-1033 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow; modeling; urban; clouds; radiative transfer |
| Abstract |
In this paper, we analyse theoretically and numerically the sky glow in urban and suburban areas, focusing on the zenith-normalised luminance of a cloudy sky. The results suggest that the altitude of a cloud imposes important changes in the luminance distribution. Peak values of sky luminance can be observed at a distance d = R + h tan (z), where R is the city radius, and h is the cloud altitude. Fluctuations of the zenith-normalised luminance over the city are dictated by three effects, specifically (i) extinction and backscatter in the undercloud atmosphere, (ii) the cloud properties and (iii) the radiant intensity function of the dominant ground-based light sources. For high clouds, the aerosol optical property is evident at moderate elevation angles. The light beams emitted from different parts of the city propagate along different inclined trajectories before they contribute to the elevated zenith luminance of low clouds. Then, multiple factors combine together to form the light field at the ground, city-size and city emission pattern being of specific importance. |
| Address |
Cátedras CONACYT, Instituto de investigaciones Dr José María Luis Mora, Programa Interdisciplinario de Estudios Metropolitanos (CentroMet), Plaza Valentín Gómez Farías #12 Col. San Juan Mixcoac, México D.F. C.P 03730. E-mail: lamphar(at)gmail.com |
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| Publisher |
SAGE |
Place of Publication |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN  |
1477-0938 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1225 |
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| Author |
Bierman, A. |
| Title |
Will switching to LED outdoor lighting increase sky glow? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research and Technology |
| Volume |
44 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
449-458 |
| Keywords |
LED; light emitting diode; skyglow; light pollution; modeling; Radiative transfer |
| Abstract |
As LED sources are increasingly being used for outdoor lighting, concerns are being raised about their impact on man-made sky glow. This paper compares the amount of light scattered back to Earth from a 6500 K phosphor-converted white LED light source to that from a 2050 K high pressure sodium (HPS) light source. Calculations based solely on molecular Rayleigh scattering provide an upper limit of 22% more scatter from the LED source, but are not realistic because the atmosphere has significant scatter from aerosol content. Adding in the effects of aerosols in the atmosphere, as derived from aerosol optical depth measurements and Mie scattering distributions, reduces the wavelength dependency of scattered light to where the LED source has roughly 10–20% more scattered light contributing to sky glow. Scattering ratios (LED:HPS) are calculated for different angles and atmospheric conditions. |
| Address |
Lighting Research Center, 21 Union Street, Troy, NY 12180-3352, USA; bierma2(at)rpi.edu |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
SAGE |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1477-1535 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
Luginbuhl, Boley, and Davis (2013) dispute Bierman's thesis. |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
269 |
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| Author |
Rabaza, O.; Aznar-Dols, F.; Mercado-Vargas, M.; Espin-Estrella, A. |
| Title |
A new method of measuring and monitoring light pollution in the night sky |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research and Technology |
| Volume |
46 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
5-19 |
| Keywords |
Instrumentation; all-sky; measurement; modeling; monitoring |
| Abstract |
This paper describes a method of measuring and monitoring light pollution in the night sky. This method is capable of instantly quantifying the levels of artificial radiance and monochromatic luminance of the sky glow by means of a system that includes an all-sky camera as well as several interference filters. The calibration is done with an integrating sphere where the measurement pattern used is obtained from the light reflected from the inner wall of the sphere which comes from radiation emitted by a calibration lamp with a known luminous flux. The inner wall of this sphere is a Lambertian surface, which ensures that the light reflected or falling on it is uniformly dispersed in all directions (i.e. the surface luminance is isotropic). |
| Address |
Ovidio Rabaza Castillo, E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingenieria Civil, Campus de Fuentenueva, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain E-mail: ovidio(at)ugr.es |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
SAGE |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1477-1535 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1347 |
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| Author |
Kolláth, Z. |
| Title |
Measuring and modelling light pollution at the Zselic Starry Sky Park |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Physics: Conference Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume |
218 |
Issue |
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Pages |
012001 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow; modeling; measurement; SQM; sky brightness; Zselic; International Dark Sky Park; Hungry; measurements; modeling; light pollution; skyglow; radiative transfer |
| Abstract |
One of the first 'International Dark-sky Parks' in Europe was established at the Zselic Landscape Protection Area in Hungary. A special monitoring program has been carrying on to survey the quality of the night sky using 'Sky Quality Meters' and DSLR cameras. The main conclusion of our measurements is that the local villages have only a minimal effect on the quality of the sky. There are light-domes due to the neighbouring cities only close to the horizon, the main source of obtrusive light is the city of Kaposvár. The anthropogenic component of zenith luminance of the night sky is obtained as the function of the distance from the city centre of Kaposvár. Our data were modelled by radiation transfer calculations. These results can help to draw attention to the energy emitted useless to the space and to protect our nocturnal landscape of nature parks for the next generations. |
| Address |
Konkoly Observatory, Konkoly Thege u. 15-17, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary; kollath(at)konkoly.hu |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
IOP |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1742-6596 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1436 |
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| Author |
Weishampel, Z.A.; Cheng, W.-H.; Weishampel, J.F. |
| Title |
Sea turtle nesting patterns in Florida vis-Ã -vis satellite-derived measures of artificial lighting |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sens Ecol Conserv |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
59-72 |
| Keywords |
Animals; sea turtles; Artificial light; DMSP; light pollution; marine turtles; nest surveys; simultaneous autoregressive modeling; Florida; United States; Loggerhead turtle; Caretta caretta; Leatherback turtle; Dermochelys coriacea; Green turtle; Chelonia mydas |
| Abstract |
Light pollution contributes to the degradation and reduction of habitat for wildlife. Nocturnally nesting and hatching sea turtle species are particularly sensitive to artificial light near nesting beaches. At local scales (0.01–0.1 km), artificial light has been experimentally shown to deter nesting females and disorient hatchlings. This study used satellite-based remote sensing to assess broad scale (~1–100s km) effects of artificial light on nesting patterns of loggerhead (Caretta caretta), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) along the Florida coastline. Annual artificial nightlight data from 1992 to 2012 acquired by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) were compared to an extensive nesting dataset for 368, ~1 km beach segments from this same 21-year period. Relationships between nest densities and artificial lighting were derived using simultaneous autoregressive models to adjust for the presence of spatial autocorrelation. Though coastal urbanization increased in Florida during this period, nearly two-thirds of the surveyed beaches exhibited decreasing light levels (N = 249); only a small fraction of the beaches showed significant increases (N = 52). Nest densities for all three sea turtle species were negatively influenced by artificial light at neighborhood scales (<100 km); however, only loggerhead and green turtle nest densities were influenced by artificial light levels at the individual beach scale (~1 km). Satellite monitoring shows promise for light management of extensive or remote areas. As the spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions of the satellite data are coarse, ground measurements are suggested to confirm that artificial light levels on beaches during the nesting season correspond to the annual nightlight measures. |
| Address |
Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA; John.Weishampel(at)ucf.edu |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Wiley |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2056-3485 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1346 |
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