| Records |
| Author |
Abay, K.A.; Amare, M. |
| Title |
Night light intensity and women's body weight: Evidence from Nigeria |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Economics and Human Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Econ Hum Biol |
Volume  |
31 |
Issue |
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Pages |
238-248 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing; Human Health; Adolescent; Adult; Body Mass Index; *Body Weight; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Lighting/*statistics & numerical data; Middle Aged; Nigeria/epidemiology; Obesity/epidemiology; Overweight/*epidemiology; Prevalence; *Urbanization; Young Adult; *Bmi; *Nigeria; *Night light; *Obesity; *Overweight; *Urbanization |
| Abstract |
The prevalence of overweight and obesity are increasing in many African countries and hence becoming regional public health challenges. We employ satellite-based night light intensity data as a proxy for urbanization to investigate the relationship between urbanization and women's body weight. We use two rounds of the Demographic and Health Survey data from Nigeria. We employ both nonparametric and parametric estimation approaches that exploit both the cross-sectional and longitudinal variations in night light intensities. Our empirical analysis reveals nonlinear relationships between night light intensity and women's body weight measures. Doubling the sample's average level of night light intensity is associated with up to a ten percentage point increase in the probability of overweight. However, despite the generally positive relationship between night light intensity and women's body weight, the strength of the relationship varies across the assorted stages of night light intensity. Early stages of night light intensity are not significantly associated with women's body weight, while higher stages of nightlight intensities are associated with higher rates of overweight and obesity. Given that night lights are strong predictors of urbanization and related economic activities, our results hint at nonlinear relationships between various stages of urbanization and women's body weight. |
| Address |
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), USA. Electronic address: M.Amare@cgiar.org |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1570-677X |
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| Notes |
PMID:30312904 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2714 |
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| Author |
Kloog, I.; Portnov, B.A.; Rennert, H.S.; Haim, A. |
| Title |
Does the modern urbanized sleeping habitat pose a breast cancer risk? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
| Volume |
28 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
76-80 |
| Keywords |
Human Health; ged; Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects; Breast Neoplasms/*etiology; Case-Control Studies; Circadian Rhythm/*radiation effects; Female; Humans; Light/*adverse effects; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Risk Factors; *Sleep; Urbanization |
| Abstract |
Due to its disruptive effects on circadian rhythms and sleep deprivation at night, shiftworking is currently recognized as a risk factor for breast cancer (BC). As revealed by the present analysis based on a comparative case-control study of 1679 women, exposure to light-at-night (LAN) in the “sleeping habitat” is significantly associated with BC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.220, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.118-1.311; p < .001), controlling for education, ethnicity, fertility, and alcohol consumption. The novelty of the present research is that, to the best of the authors' knowledge, it is the first study to have identified an unequivocal positive association between bedroom-light intensity and BC risk. Thus, according to the results of the present study, not only should artificial light exposure in the working environment be considered as a potential risk factor for BC, but also LAN in the “sleeping habitat.” |
| Address |
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Graduate School of Management, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0742-0528 |
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| Notes |
PMID:21182407 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
Serial |
770 |
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| Author |
Pawson, S.M.; Bader, M.K.-F. |
| Title |
LED lighting increases the ecological impact of light pollution irrespective of color temperature |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ecological Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecological Applications |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1561-1568 |
| Keywords |
biodiversity; high-pressure sodium lamp; light pollution; spectra; street lighting; urbanization; LED; color temperature; ecology |
| Abstract |
Recognition of the extent and magnitude of night-time light pollution impacts on natural ecosystems is increasing, with pervasive effects observed in both nocturnal and diurnal species. Municipal and industrial lighting is on the cusp of a step change where energy-efficient lighting technology is driving a shift from “yellow†high-pressure sodium vapor lamps (HPS) to new “white†light-emitting diodes (LEDs). We hypothesized that white LEDs would be more attractive and thus have greater ecological impacts than HPS due to the peak UV-green-blue visual sensitivity of nocturnal invertebrates. Our results support this hypothesis; on average LED light traps captured 48% more insects than were captured with light traps fitted with HPS lamps, and this effect was dependent on air temperature (significant light × air temperature interaction). We found no evidence that manipulating the color temperature of white LEDs would minimize the ecological impacts of the adoption of white LED lights. As such, large-scale adoption of energy-efficient white LED lighting for municipal and industrial use may exacerbate ecological impacts and potentially amplify phytosanitary pest infestations. Our findings highlight the urgent need for collaborative research between ecologists and electrical engineers to ensure that future developments in LED technology minimize their potential ecological effects. |
| Address |
Scion, P.O. Box 29-237, Fendalton, Christchurch, New Zealand |
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| ISSN |
1051-0761 |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
367 |
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| Author |
Dunnett, O, |
| Title |
Contested landscapes: the moral geographies of light pollution in Britain |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Cultural Geographies |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cultural Geographies |
| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
619-636 |
| Keywords |
Light pollution; geography; darkness; moral geographies; urbanization |
| Abstract |
This paper considers the concept of light pollution and its connections to moral geographies of landscape in Britain. The paper aims to provide a greater understanding of light pollution in the present day, where the issue connects to policy debates about energy efficiency, crime, health, ecology and night time aesthetics, whilst also engaging with new areas of research in cultural geography. The main sources of investigation are the Campaign to Protect Rural England and the British Astronomical Association’s Campaign for Dark Skies (est. 1990). Using interviews, archival and textual analysis, the paper examines this anti-light-pollution lobby, looking at the lead-up to the formation of the Campaign as well as its ongoing influence. A moral geography of light pollution is identified, drawing on two interconnected discourses – a notion of the ‘astronomical sublime’ and the problem of urbanization. Whilst the former is often invoked, both through visual and linguistic means, by anti-light pollution campaigners, the latter is characterized as a threat to clear night skies, echoing earlier protests against urban sprawl. Complementing a growing area of research, the geographies of light and darkness, this paper considers the light pollution lobby as a way of investigating the fundamental relationship between humankind and the cosmos in the modern age. |
| Address |
School of Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK |
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SAGE |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
353 |
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| Author |
Clewley, G.D.; Plummer, K.E.; Robinson, R.A.; Simm, C.H.; Toms, M.P. |
| Title |
The effect of artificial lighting on the arrival time of birds using garden feeding stations in winter: A missed opportunity? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Urban Ecosystems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Urban Ecosystems |
| Volume |
19 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
535–546 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Artificial light; Citizen science; Foraging; Garden birds; Supplementary feeding; Urbanization |
| Abstract |
The proliferation of artificial lighting at night is one of the key anthropogenic changes associated with urbanised areas as well as some non-urban areas. Disruption to natural light/dark regimes can have considerable effects on the timing of different behaviours of birds, particularly during the breeding season. However, the effect of artificial lights on the timing of behaviours during winter has received relatively little attention, despite the fact that time partitioning of foraging can have implications for avian winter survival. In this study, we assess at a landscape scale during winter, whether birds arrive at feeding stations earlier in areas with increased levels of artificial lighting using data from a citizen science project. Arrival times of the ten most commonly recorded species were associated with a combination of the density of artificial lights, temperature, rainfall and urban land cover. We found no evidence that birds advance the onset of foraging in gardens with more artificial lights nearby; contrary to our prediction, birds generally arrived later into these areas. This is possibly a response to differences in food availability or predation risk in areas with more artificial lights. We conclude that artificial light at night may not be as important for driving the timing of foraging behaviour in winter as previously thought, but it remains to be seen whether this represents a missed opportunity to extend the foraging period or an adaptive response. |
| Address |
British Trust for Ornithology, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU, UK; gary.clewley(at)bto.org |
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Springer |
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English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Edition |
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1083-8155 |
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| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1316 |
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