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Author |
Walker, W.H. 2nd; Melendez-Fernandez, O.H.; Nelson, R.J. |
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Title |
Prior exposure to dim light at night impairs dermal wound healing in female C57BL/6 mice |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Archives of Dermatological Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Arch Dermatol Res |
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Volume |
311 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
573-576 |
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Keywords |
Animals; mouse models; Skin; Human Health |
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Abstract  |
Artificial light at night (LAN) is a pervasive phenomenon in today's society, and the detrimental consequences of LAN exposure are becoming apparent. LAN is associated with the increased incidence of metabolic disorders, cancers, mood alterations, and immune dysfunction in mammals. Consequently, we examined the effects of dim LAN (DLAN) on wound healing. Female C57BL/6 mice were housed for 3 weeks in DLAN or LD conditions prior to wounding. Following wounding, mice were maintained in either their previous light conditions or switched to the opposite lighting conditions for 3 weeks. DLAN prior to wounding impaired healing; specifically, mice in DLAN/DLAN had significantly larger wounds on day 8. Additionally, mice in DLAN/LD had significantly larger wounds on days 5, 7, 8, and 9, and increased average time to closure. These data demonstrate a potential harmful effect of DLAN on wound healing that should be considered and may represent a target for therapeutic intervention. |
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Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA |
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English |
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0340-3696 |
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PMID:31144020 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2515 |
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Author |
Nankoo, S.; Raymond, S.; Galvez-Cloutier, R. |
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Title |
The impact of the Jacques Cartier bridge illumination on the food chain: from insects to predators |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Community Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Community Ecology |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
172-180 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Ecology |
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Abstract |
Artificial light at night can impact numerous diurnal species by influencing their distribution and habits. In this study, artificial lights placed on the Jacques Cartier bridge in Montreal, Canada were evaluated to determine their impact on insects, insectivorous birds and peregrine falcons. The impact was measured the year the illumination begun and the year following (two years in total). Insect distribution and abundance at three different sites around the bridge was measured. Insectivorous bird abundance and activity were evaluated by observing the cliff swallow as a proxy. Peregrine falcon presence and nesting behavior at the bridge was measured. Insects (aerial and aquatic) were found to be more abundant closer to the illuminated part of the bridge and particularly in the year following the illumination's beginning. Similarly, cliff swallows were more abundant at the bridge the year following the start of the illumination and their activity was more important closer to the illuminated section. Peregrine falcons were only present at the bridge in the year following the beginning of the illumination and specifically at the illuminated part of the bridge. No nesting was detected. These three groups are connected to each other through a food chain in which insect abundance impacts insectivorous bird abundance, which in turn impacts peregrine falcon presence. The illumination therefore positively impacts these three groups separately and together through their food chain. This research highlights the importance of monitoring bird and insect population close to the bridge and further continuation of these observations are necessary to determine if the observed tendency will continue to develop throughout the years. |
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1585-8553 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2705 |
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Author |
Jechow, A.; Holker, F.; Kyba, C.C.M. |
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Using all-sky differential photometry to investigate how nocturnal clouds darken the night sky in rural areas |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1391 |
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Keywords |
Skyglow; differential photometry; clouds; sky brightness |
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Abstract |
Artificial light at night has affected most of the natural nocturnal landscapes worldwide and the subsequent light pollution has diverse effects on flora, fauna and human well-being. To evaluate the environmental impacts of light pollution, it is crucial to understand both the natural and artificial components of light at night under all weather conditions. The night sky brightness for clear skies is relatively well understood and a reference point for a lower limit is defined. However, no such reference point exists for cloudy skies. While some studies have examined the brightening of the night sky by clouds in urban areas, the published data on the (natural) darkening by clouds is very sparse. Knowledge of reference points for the illumination of natural nocturnal environments however, is essential for experimental design and ecological modeling to assess the impacts of light pollution. Here we use differential all-sky photometry with a commercial digital camera to investigate how clouds darken sky brightness at two rural sites. The spatially resolved data enables us to identify and study the nearly unpolluted parts of the sky and to set an upper limit on ground illumination for overcast nights at sites without light pollution. |
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GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Remote Sensing, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany |
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English |
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2045-2322 |
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PMID:30718668; PMCID:PMC6361923 |
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no |
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Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
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2188 |
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Author |
Straka, T.M.; Greif, S.; Schultz, S.; Goerlitz, H.R.; Voigt, C.C. |
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Title |
The effect of cave illumination on bats |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Global Ecology and Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Global Ecology and Conservation |
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21 |
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e00808 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Lighting |
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Artificial light at night has large impacts on nocturnal wildlife such as bats, yet its effect varies with wavelength of light, context, and across species involved. Here, we studied in two experiments how wild bats of cave-roosting species (Rhinolophus mehelyi, R. euryale, Myotis capaccinii and Miniopterus schreibersii) respond to LED lights of different colours. In dual choice experiments, we measured the acoustic activity of bats in response to neutral-white, red or amber LED at a cave entrance and in a flight room – mimicking a cave interior. In the flight room, M. capaccinii and M. schreibersii preferred red to white light, but showed no preference for red over amber, or amber over white light. In the cave entrance experiment, all light colours reduced the activity of all emerging species, yet red LED had the least negative effect. Rhinolophus species reacted most strongly, matching their refusal to fly at all under any light treatment in the flight room. We conclude that the placement and light colour of LED light should be considered carefully in lighting concepts for caves both in the interior and at the entrance. In a cave interior, red LED light could be chosen – if needed at all – for careful temporary illumination of areas, yet areas important for bats should be avoided based on the precautionary principle. At cave entrances, the high sensitivity of most bat species, particularly of Rhinolophus spp., towards light sources almost irrespective of colour, calls for utmost caution when illuminating cave entrances. |
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Elsevier |
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English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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ISSN |
2351-9894 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2700 |
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Author |
Jechow, A.; Kyba, C.; Hölker, F. |
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Title |
Beyond All-Sky: Assessing Ecological Light Pollution Using Multi-Spectral Full-Sphere Fisheye Lens Imaging |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of Imaging |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Imaging |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
46 |
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Keywords |
Instrumentation; Skyglow |
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Abstract |
Artificial light at night is a novel anthropogenic stressor. The resulting ecological light pollution affects a wide breadth of biological systems on many spatio-temporal scales, from individual organisms to communities and ecosystems. However, a widely-applicable measurement method for nocturnal light providing spatially resolved full-spectrum radiance over the full solid angle is still missing. Here, we explain the first step to fill this gap, by using a commercial digital camera with a fisheye lens to acquire vertical plane multi-spectral (RGB) images covering the full solid angle. We explain the technical and practical procedure and software to process luminance and correlated color temperature maps and derive illuminance. We discuss advantages and limitations and present data from different night-time lighting situations. The method provides a comprehensive way to characterize nocturnal light in the context of ecological light pollution. It is affordable, fast, mobile, robust, and widely-applicable by non-experts for field work. |
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2313-433X |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2327 |
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