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Atchoi, E.; Mitkus, M.; Rodríguez, A. |
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Title |
Is seabird light‐induced mortality explained by the visual system development? |
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2020 |
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Conservation Science and Practice |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conservat Sci and Prac |
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in press |
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Animals |
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Seabirds are impacted by coastal light pollution, leading to massive mortality events. Juveniles comprise the majority of affected individuals, while adults are only seldom grounded and reported in rescue programs. We propose a connection between visual system development of burrow nesting seabirds and the observed higher vulnerability to light pollution by a specific age group. We illustrate the need for multidisciplinary research to better understand and further mitigate light-induced mortality. |
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2578-4854 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2845 |
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Author |
Aubé, M. |
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Title |
Physical behaviour of anthropogenic light propagation into the nocturnal environment |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences |
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Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci |
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370 |
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20140117 |
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Skyglow; artificial light at night; light pollution; radiative transfer; atmospheric effects; scattering; methods; numerical; sensitivity analysis |
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Propagation of artificial light at night (ALAN) in the environment is now known to have non negligible consequences on fauna, flora and human health. These consequences depend on light levels and their spectral power distributions, which in turn rely on the efficiency of various physical processes involved in the radiative transfer of this light into the atmosphere and its interactions with the built and natural environment. ALAN can affect the living organisms by direct lighting and indirect lighting (scattered by the sky and clouds and/or reflected by local surfaces). This paper mainly focuses on the behaviour of the indirect light scattered under clear sky conditions. Various interaction processes between anthropogenic light sources and the natural environment are discussed. This work mostly relies on a sensitivity analysis conducted with the light pollution radiative transfer model, Illumina (Aubé et al. 2005: Light pollution modelling and detection in a heterogeneous environment: toward a night-time aerosol optical depth retrieval method. In Proc. SPIE 2005, vol. 5890, San Diego, California, USA). More specifically, the impact of (i) the molecular and aerosol scattering and absorption, (ii) the second order of scattering, (iii) the topography and obstacle blocking, (iv) the ground reflectance and (v) the spectrum of light devices and their angular emission functions are examined. This analysis considers different behaviour as a function of the distance from the city centre, along with different zenith viewing angles in the principal plane. |
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Département de physique, Cégep de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada |
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Royal Society |
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English |
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English |
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The biological impacts of artificial light at night: from molecules to communities |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1115 |
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Author |
Aubé, M.; Franchomme-Fossé, L.; Robert-Staehler, P.; Houle, V. |
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Title |
Light pollution modeling and detection in a heterogeneous environment: toward a night time aerosol optical depth retrieval method. |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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Proceedings of SPIE 2005 -- Volume 5890, San Diego, California, USA. |
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5890 |
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Skyglow; aerosol optical depth; remote sensing; light pollution; artificial skyglow |
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Tracking the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) is of particular importance in monitoring aerosol contributions to global radiative forcing. Until now, the two standard techniques used for retrieving AOD were; (i) sun photometry, and (ii) satellite based approaches, such as based DDV (Dense Dark Vegetation) inversion algorithms. These methods are only available for use during daylight time since they are based on direct or indirect observation of sunlight. Few attempts have been made to measure AOD behaviour at night. One such method uses spectrally calibrated stars as reference targets but the number of available stars is limited. This is especially true for urban sites where artificial lighting hides most of these stars. In this research, we attempt to provide an alternate method, one which exploits artificial sky glow or light pollution. This methodology links a 3D light pollution model with in situ light pollution measurements. The basic idea is to adjust an AOD value into the model in order to fit measured light pollution. This method requires an accurate model that includes spatial heterogeneity in lighting angular geometry, in lighting spectral dependence, in ground spectral reflectance and in topography. This model, named ILLUMINA, computes 1st and 2nd order molecular and aerosol scattering, as well as aerosol absorption. These model features represent major improvements to previous light pollution models. Therefore, new possibilities for light pollution studies will arise, many of which are of particular interest to the astronomical community. In this paper we will present a first sensitive study applied to the ILLUMINA model. |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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554 |
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Aubé, M.; Kocifaj, M.; Zamorano, J.; Solano Lamphar, H.A.; Sanchez de Miguel, A. |
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The spectral amplification effect of clouds to the night sky radiance in Madrid |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
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Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
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181 |
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11-23 |
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Skyglow; Madrid; Spain; Europe; artificial light at night; light pollution; clouds; amplification |
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Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) may have various environmental impacts ranging from compromising the visibility of astronomical objects to the perturbation of circadian cycles in animals and humans. In the past much research has been carried out to study the impact of ALAN on the radiance of the night sky during clear sky conditions. This was mainly justified by the need for a better understanding of the behavior of ALAN propagation into the environment in order to protect world-class astronomical facilities. More recently, alongside to the threat to the natural starry sky, many issues have emerged from the biological science community. It has been shown that, nearby or inside cities, the presence of cloud cover generally acts as an amplifier for artificial sky radiance while clouds behave as attenuators for remote observers. In this paper we show the spectral behavior of the zenith sky radiance amplification factor exerted by clouds inside a city. We compare in-situ measurements made with the spectrometer SAND-4 with a numerical model applied to the specific geographical context of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid in Spain. |
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Cégep de Sherbrooke, 475 rue du Cégep, Sherbrooke, Canada J1E 4K1; aubema(at)gmail.com |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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English |
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0022-4073 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1351 |
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Author |
Aubé, M.; Simoneau, A.; Wainscoat, R.; Nelson, L. |
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Title |
Modeling the effects of phosphor converted LED lighting to the night sky of the Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
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478 |
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2 |
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1776-1783 |
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Skyglow |
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The goal of this study is to evaluate the current level of light pollution in the night sky at the Haleakala Observatory on the island of Maui in Hawaii. This is accomplished with a numerical model that was tested in the first International Dark Sky Reserve located in Mont-Mégantic National Park in Canada. The model uses ground data on the artificial light sources present in the region of study, geographical data, and remotely sensed data for: 1) the nightly upward radiance; 2) the terrain elevation; and, 3) the ground spectral reflectance of the region. The results of the model give a measure of the current state of the sky spectral radiance at the Haleakala Observatory. Then, using the current state as a reference point, multiple light conversion plans are elaborated and evaluated using the model. We can thus estimate the expected impact of each conversion plan on the night sky radiance spectrum. A complete conversion to white (LEDs) with (CCT) of 4000K and 3000K are contrasted with a conversion using (PC) amber (LEDs). We include recommendations concerning the street lamps to be used in sensitive areas like the cities of Kahului and Kihei and suggest best lighting practices related to the color of lamps used at night. |
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0035-8711 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1907 |
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