| Records |
| Author |
Chen, S.; Li, W.; Yang, S.; Zhang, B.; Li, T.; Du, Y.; Yang, M.; Zhao, H. |
| Title |
Evaluation method and reduction measures for the flicker effect in road lighting using fixed Low Mounting Height Luminaires |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology |
| Volume |
93 |
Issue |
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Pages  |
103101 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Vision |
| Abstract |
Low Mounting Height Luminaires (LMHL) are used in many cities on viaducts, cross-sea and cross-river bridges due to their unique advantages. However, the flicker effect is an important factor that needs to be considered in road lighting using fixed LMHL. At present, there are not many researchers in the field of international lighting. Previous types of road lighting design were based on the method of the tunnel lighting flicker effect. At the same time, the flicker effect is mainly based on the subjective feelings of people but is not quantified. In this paper, the Flicker Index (FI) is calculated by measuring the parameters of streetlamps to evaluation flicker effect. Secondly, the suggestion to offset the flicker effect in CIE 88-2004 “Guide for the Lighting of Road Tunnels and Underpasses” is to limit the speed of the vehicle and adjust the road light spacing to avoid the flicker sensitive area on human eyes, while ignoring the essential problem of how the flicker effect is generated through the energy level of the stimulating optical signal. Two factors affecting the strength of the flicker effect are proposed: energy ratio and duty cycle. The duty cycle, in time, refers to the proportion of the strong and weak flashing signals during the period; in space, it refers to the proportional relationship between the length of the luminaire and the distance between the lamps, which is related to the running speed of the vehicle. It is consistent with the CIE recommendations for flicker. Thirdly, the essence of the flicker effect is the problem of the energy level of the stimulus signal. This study investigated the reduction in the brightness of the light source, hence reducing the energy of the visual stimulation signal to the human eye in order to judge the degree of fatigue in human vision. The experimental results show that the degree of fatigue in human vision decreases when the brightness of the experimental light source decreases. Therefore, the key to changing the flicker effect of LMHL is to reduce the contrast between the surface brightness of the luminaire and the brightness of the spatial background. |
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0886-7798 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2663 |
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| Author |
Derrien, M.M.; Stokowski, P.A. |
| Title |
Discursive constructions of night sky experiences: Imagination and imaginaries in national park visitor narratives |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Annals of Tourism Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Annals of Tourism Research |
| Volume |
85 |
Issue |
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Pages |
103038 |
| Keywords |
Astrotourism; Society |
| Abstract |
Communities and protected areas worldwide have initiated programs to protect and promote dark night skies. Yet, limited research has explored how and why night skies become of interest or meaningful to people. Because night skies are literally beyond human reach, we focus on how visitors to a U.S. national park imagine night skies and invoke imaginaries that make night skies meaningful. Drawing from interviews, we examine how visitors use symbolic language, narrative, and other discursive practices to develop the social, cultural, and spatial contexts of their night sky experiences. Findings inform our understanding of imagination and imaginaries in tourism and recreation research, while offering new approaches to night skies research. |
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0160-7383 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3118 |
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| Author |
Liu, Y.; Zhang, X.; Pan, X.; Ma, X.; Tang, M. |
| Title |
The spatial integration and coordinated industrial development of urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Cities |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cities |
| Volume |
104 |
Issue |
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Pages |
102801 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Urban agglomeration is the engine of national development and regional prosperity. Although extensive work has investigated issues related to this new form of spatial governance, few studies have directly illustrated the spatial integration of urban agglomeration and its relationship with industrial development. This paper employs nighttime light data and industrial enterprise datasets to investigate the spatial integration and industrial development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) of China for 1995–2015. We here illustrate the significant relationship between the spatial integration of urban agglomerations and the characteristics of industrial development. In the process of spatial integration, urban form, intercity relation and their evolution show clear regional differences. Because of the differences in socio-economic and geographical characteristics, urban systems are more advanced and closely related in developed areas. A significant negative (positive) spatial correlation between industrial specialization (diversification) and urban form is supported by using bivariate Moran's I, and spatial clustering patterns are clearly different across the three urban agglomerations. A panel regression reveals that intercity relations are significantly associated with the characteristics of industrial development. Higher levels of industrial diversification and competition are associated with weaker intercity relations, while industrial structures similarities are reversed. These findings could be used to formulate reasonable policies and plans and to support future regional spatial integration and coordinated development. |
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0264-2751 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2986 |
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| Author |
Cereghetti, N.; Strepparava, D.; Bettini, A.; Ferrari, S. |
| Title |
Analysis of Light Pollution in Ticino region during the period 2011-2016 |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Sustainable Cities and Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sustainable Cities and Society |
| Volume |
63 |
Issue |
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Pages |
102456 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow |
| Abstract |
Since 2002, the Environmental Observatory of Southern Switzerland (OASI) has monitored a remarkable set of environmental parameters with the purpose of performing an enhanced observation of the regional environmental conditions. Since 2011, a campaign for the supervision of the artificial nighttime skyglow has been included in the OASI monitoring system exploiting the collaboration with DarkSky association. This network monitors the light pollution in several areas of Ticino, the southernmost Swiss Canton bordering Italy. It consists of multiple stations, which continuously measure the sky brightness. The University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, in collaboration with Politecnico di Milano, introduces the results of a study regarding the skyglow evolution during the period 2011-2016. The time-series of the OASI network were pre-processed to detect and discard data affected by natural perturbing events, such as moon and clouds presence and sun effect during twilights. In a second time, a distribution analysis of the data and an evaluation of the brightness trend during the considered period were performed. The results show that light pollution in Ticino is strictly influenced by the northern area of the nearby Italian Lombardy region and that during the surveyed years a decreasing of the pollution occurred. |
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2210-6707 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
3095 |
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| Author |
Heger, M.P.; Neumayer, E. |
| Title |
The impact of the Indian Ocean tsunami on Aceh's long-term economic growth |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of Development Economics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Development Economics |
| Volume |
141 |
Issue |
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Pages |
102365 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing; Natural disasters; Aceh; Indonesia |
| Abstract |
Existing studies typically find that natural disasters have negative economic consequences, resulting in, at best, a recovery to trend after initial losses or, at worst, longer term sustained losses. We exploit the unexpected nature of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami for carrying out a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences analysis of flooded districts and sub-districts in Aceh. The Indonesian province saw the single largest aid and reconstruction effort of any developing world region ever afflicted by a natural disaster. We show that this effort triggered higher long-term economic output than would have happened in the absence of the tsunami. |
| Address |
The World Bank, Washington D.C., USA |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Elsevier |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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0304-3878 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2558 |
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