| Records |
| Author |
Kolláth, Z.; Száz, D.; Tong, K.P.; Kolláth, K. |
| Title |
The Colour of the Night Sky |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Imaging |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Imaging |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
90 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow; Natural light; Instrumentation |
| Abstract |
The measurement of night sky quality has become an important task in night sky conservation. Modern measurement techniques involve mainly a calibrated digital camera or a spectroradiometer. However, panchromatic devices are still prevalent to this day, even in the absence of determining the spectral information of the night sky. In the case of multispectral measurements, colour information is currently presented in multiple ways. One of the most frequently used metrics is correlated colour temperature (CCT), which is not without its limitation for the purpose of describing especially the colour of natural night sky. Moreover, visually displaying the colour of the night sky in a quantitatively meaningful way has not attracted sufficient attention in the community of astronomy and light pollution research—most photographs of the night sky are post-processed in a way for aesthetic attractiveness rather than accurate representation of the night sky. The spectrum of the natural night sky varies in a wide range depending on solar activity and atmospheric properties. The most noticeable variation in the visible range is the variation of the atomic emission lines, primarily the green oxygen and orange sodium emission. Based on the accepted models of night sky emission, we created a random spectral database which represents the possible range of night sky radiance distribution. We used this spectral database as a learning set, to create a colour transformation between different colour spaces. The spectral sensitivity of some digital cameras is also used to determine an optimal transformation matrix from camera defined coordinates to real colours. The theoretical predictions were extended with actual spectral measurements in order to test the models and check the local constituents of night sky radiance. Here, we present an extended modelling of night sky colour and recommendations of its consistent measurement, as well as methods of visualising the colour of night sky in a consistent way, namely using the false colour enhancement. |
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2313-433X |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
3120 |
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| Author |
Ardavani O. |
| Title |
Alternatives to artificial lighting: Varying patterns of bio-light in architecture |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Archidoct |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
80-91 |
| Keywords |
Lighting |
| Abstract |
The notion of variability is identical to the phenomenon of light.The present paper examines characteristics that shape this variability, in all forms of light, both natural and artificial, as well as light that is experimentally produced in a laboratory environment, through genetic modification of plants, in line with current trend of architectural fluidity. At a time when architecture is interacting with emerging technologies by creating parametrically changing shells and environments, that are evolving as biological models and organisms, lighting is becoming a tool for highlighting forms while ensuring the functionality of spaces. It is up to the designer to manage these variables of light in an inspired way, in order to create an elegant, sustainable and environmentally friendly environment for all beings. |
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2309-0103 |
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UP @ altintas1 @ |
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3223 |
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| Author |
Karpińska, D.; Kunz, M. |
| Title |
Light pollution in the night sky of Toruń in the summer season |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
91-100 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow |
| Abstract |
The paper presents results of research on light pollution in the night sky of Toruń. A permanent network of measuring stations has been established in the city, consisting of 24 sites representing various types of land development and land cover: single-family housing, city centre, multi-family housing, areas overgrown with vegetation and open areas. Within this network, a repeatable direct measurement of the sky brightness using an SQM photometer was carried out over a period of three consecutive months in the summer season, i.e. from June to September 2017. The measurement sessions were conducted in similar weather and astronomical conditions. Based on the obtained data, a spatial distribution of light pollution was determined, ranges of values obtained during the measurements were provided, and the results were additionally referred to the distinguished land cover categories and land development types. |
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2300-8490 |
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no |
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UP @ altintas1 @ |
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3161 |
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Elvidge, C.D.; Ghosh, T.; Baugh, K.; Zhizhin, M.; Hsu, F.-C.; Katada, N.S.; Penalosa, W.; Hung, B.Q. |
| Title |
Rating the Effectiveness of Fishery Closures With Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Boat Detection Data |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Mar. Sci. |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Fishery closures are widely used to promote the sustainability of fish stocks. Fishery agencies typically have very little data relevant to planning closure enforcement actions and evaluating the effectiveness of closures, due in part to the vast expanse and remote nature of many closures. In some cases the effectiveness of closures can be evaluated using data from GPS based beacons, such as Automatic Identification System (AIS) or Vessel Monitoring Systems (VMS) installed on fishing boats. In fisheries where few boats are equipped with AIS or VMS, the rating of closures relies on other data sources capable of detecting or inferring fishing activity. One such source comes from low light imaging data collected by the NASA/NOAA Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), which can detect fishing boats using lights to attract catch. This is a widely used practice in Asia and several other regions. NOAA has developed an automatic system for reporting the locations of VIIRS boat detections with a nominal 4 h temporal latency. VIIRS boat detection alerts are running for more than 900 fishery closures in the Philippines, with email and SMS transmission modes. These alerts are being actively used in the Philippines to plan enforcement actions and there is a growing list of apprehensions that occurred based on tip-offs from VIIRS. The VIIRS boat detection archive extends back to April 2012. A VIIRS closure index (VCI) has been developed to rate the effectiveness of closures on monthly increments in terms of a percentage. The VCI analysis was performed on three types of closures: an ad hoc fishery closure associated with a toxic industrial discharge, a seasonal fishery closure and a permanent closure in restricted coastal waters. The VCI results indicate that it is possible to rank the effectiveness of different closure, year-to-year differences in compliance levels, and to identify closure encroachments which may warrant additional enforcement effort. |
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English |
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2296-7745 |
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NC @ ehyde3 @ |
Serial |
2087 |
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Rodríguez, A.; Arcos, J.M.; Bretagnolle, V.; Dias, M.P.; Holmes, N.D.; Louzao, M.; Provencher, J.; Raine, A.F.; Ramírez, F.; Rodríguez, B.; Ronconi, R.A.; Taylor, R.S.; Bonnaud, E.; Borrelle, S.B.; Cortés, V.; Descamps, S.; Friesen, V.L.; Genovart, M.; Hedd, A.; Hodum, P.; Humphries, G.R.W.; Le Corre, M.; Lebarbenchon, C.; Martin, R.; Melvin, E.F.; Montevecchi, W.A.; Pinet, P.; Pollet, I.L.; Ramos, R.; Russell, J.C.; Ryan, P.G.; Sanz-Aguilar, A.; Spatz, D.R.; Travers, M.; Votier, S.C.; Wanless, R.M.; Woehler, E.; Chiaradia, A. |
| Title |
Future Directions in Conservation Research on Petrels and Shearwaters |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Mar. Sci. |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
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Pages |
94 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Birds; Seabirds; Petrels; Shearwaters; Review |
| Abstract |
Shearwaters and petrels (hereafter petrels) are highly adapted seabirds that occur across all the world’s oceans. Petrels are a threatened seabird group comprising 124 species. They have bet-hedging life histories typified by extended chick rearing periods, low fecundity, high adult survival, strong philopatry, monogamy and long-term mate fidelity and are thus vulnerable to change. Anthropogenic alterations on land and at sea have led to a poor conservation status of many petrels with 52 (42%) threatened species based on IUCN criteria and 65 (52%) suffering population declines. Some species are well-studied, even being used as bioindicators of ocean health, yet for others there are major knowledge gaps regarding their breeding grounds, migratory areas or other key aspects of their biology and ecology. We assembled 38 petrel conservation researchers to summarize information regarding the most important threats according to the IUCN Red List of threatened species to identify knowledge gaps that must be filled to improve conservation and management of petrels. We highlight research advances on the main threats for petrels (invasive species at breeding grounds, bycatch, overfishing, light pollution, climate change, and pollution). We propose an ambitious goal to reverse at least some of these six main threats, through active efforts such as restoring island habitats (e.g., invasive species removal, control and prevention), improving policies and regulations at global and regional levels, and engaging local communities in conservation efforts. |
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Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD) Seville, Spain |
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2296-7745 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2283 |
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