| Records |
| Author |
Dwyer, J. F., Pandey, A. K., McHale, L. A., & Harness, R. E. |
| Title |
Near-ultraviolet light reduced Sandhill Crane collisions with a power line by 98% |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
The Condor: Ornithological Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Condor |
| Volume |
121 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
duz008 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Birds; Sandhill Cranes; Antigone canadensis; power lines; collisions; Avian Collision Avoidance System; ACAS |
| Abstract |
Midflight collisions with power lines impact 12 of the world’s 15 crane species, including 1 critically endangered species, 3 endangered species, and 5 vulnerable species. Power lines can be fitted with line markers to increase the visibility of wires to reduce collisions, but collisions can persist on marked power lines. For example, hundreds of Sandhill Cranes (Antigone canadensis) die annually in collisions with marked power lines at the Iain Nicolson Audubon Center at Rowe Sanctuary (Rowe), a major migratory stopover location near Gibbon, Nebraska. Mitigation success has been limited because most collisions occur nocturnally when line markers are least visible, even though roughly half the line markers present include glow-in-the-dark stickers. To evaluate an alternative mitigation strategy at Rowe, we used a randomized design to test collision mitigation effects of a pole-mounted near-ultraviolet light (UV-A; 380–395 nm) Avian Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) to illuminate a 258-m power line span crossing the Central Platte River. We observed 48 Sandhill Crane collisions and 217 dangerous flights of Sandhill Crane flocks during 19 nights when the ACAS was off, but just 1 collision and 39 dangerous flights during 19 nights when the ACAS was on. Thus, we documented a 98% decrease in collisions and an 82% decrease in dangerous flights when the ACAS was on. We also found a 32% decrease in the number of evasive maneuvers initiated within 25 m of the power line along the river, and a 71% increase in the number of evasive maneuvers initiated beyond 25 m when the ACAS was on. Sandhill Cranes reacted sooner and with more control, and experienced substantially fewer collisions, when the ACAS was on. Installation of the ACAS on other high-risk spans, and perhaps on other anthropogenic obstacles where birds collide, may offer a new solution to a long-running conservation dilemma. |
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EDM International, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA; jdwyer(at)edmlink.com |
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Oxford Academic |
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English |
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2473 |
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Rosewater, V. |
| Title |
Cost Statistics of Public Electric Lighting |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1893 |
Publication |
Publications of the American Statistical Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
21 |
Pages |
293-303 |
| Keywords |
Economics |
| Abstract |
Among the various papers published upon the subject of municipial control of public electric lighting the showing made by the statistics of cost is always an important factor. Whatever be the point of view of the writers, they seem to present their own figures and yet to arrive at essentially inconsistent results. What I propose to do here, then, is simply to touch upon a few of the limitations which must be borne in mind by anyone who wishes to give these statistics their due scientific weight. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2474 |
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| Author |
Marder, M. |
| Title |
Being Dumped |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Environmental Humanities |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
180-193 |
| Keywords |
Commentary |
| Abstract |
In this article, Michael Marder interprets the “toxic flood” we are living or dying through as a global dump. On his reading, multiple levels of existence—from the psychic to the physiological, from the environmental-elemental to the planetary—are being converted into a dump, a massive and still growing hodgepodge of industrial and consumer by-products and emissions; shards of metaphysical ideas and theological dreams; radioactive materials; light, sound, and other modes of sensory pollution; pesticides and herbicides; and so forth. Toxicity targets our bodily tissues, senses, and minds, not to mention our worlds, without individuating us in this targeting, as indifferent and random as the global dump that nourishes it. Disrupting metabolism at every scrambled register of existence, it waxes into what Marder calls “ontological toxicity,” the mangled parts of the dump that do not pass through and out of being and, in not passing, warrant the annihilation, the rapid passing away, of all else. In an ontologically toxic state, the meaning of being is being dumped. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2503 |
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Sielachowska, M., & Zajkowski, M. |
| Title |
Assessment of Light Pollution Based on the Analysis of Luminous Flux Distribution in Sports Facilities |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Engineer of the XXI Century |
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70 |
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139-150 |
| Keywords |
Lighting |
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The article attempts to assess the amount of light pollution with artificial light from sports facilities. The football stadium has been analysed, while considering a few configurations that take into account different coefficients of reflection of the luminous flux for the tribunes and the object main board. Simplified model of the football stadium was introduced to the DIALux simulation software, and then computer calculations were made for selected variants. In addition, the applicable normative requirements in the field of lighting systems were discussed and the mathematical distribution of the luminous flux in the examined sports facility was presented. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2504 |
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Huang, X., Wang, C., & Lu, J. |
| Title |
Understanding Spatiotemporal Development of Human Settlement in Hurricane-prone Areas on U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts using Nighttime Remote Sensing |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences |
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1-22 |
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Remote Sensing; hurricanes; cyclones; Weather; natural disasters; DMSP-OLS; nighttime light; night lights; vegetation-adjusted NTL urban index; VANUI |
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Hurricanes, as one of the most devastating natural disasters, have posed great threats to people in coastal areas. A better understanding of spatiotemporal dynamics of human settlement in hurricane-prone areas is demanded for sustainable development. This study uses the DMSP/OLS nighttime light (NTL) data sets from 1992 to 2013 to examine human settlement development in areas with different levels of hurricane proneness. The DMSP/OLS NTL data from six satellites were intercalibrated and desaturated with AVHRR and MODIS optical imagery to derive the vegetation-adjusted NTL urban index (VANUI), a popular index that quantifies human settlement intensity. The derived VANUI time series was examined with the Mann-Kendall test and Theil-Sen test to identify significant spatiotemporal trends. To link the VANUI product to hurricane impacts, four hurricane-prone zones were extracted to represent different levels of hurricane proneness. Aside from geographic division, a wind-speed weighted track density function was developed and applied to historical North Atlantic Basin (NAB)-origin storm tracks to better categorize the four levels of hurricane proneness. Spatiotemporal patterns of human settlement in the four zones were finally analyzed. The results clearly exhibit a north-south and inland-coastal discrepancy of human settlement dynamics. This study also reveals that both the zonal extent and zonal increase rate of human settlement positively correlate with hurricane proneness levels. The intensified human settlement in high hurricane-exposure zones deserves further attention for coastal resilience. |
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Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 29208, U.S.A |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2519 |
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