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| Author | Babaii, A., Adib-Hajbaghery, M., & Hajibagheri, A. | ||||
| Title | Effect of Using Eye Mask on Sleep Quality in Cardiac Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Nursing and Midwifery Studies | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 4 | Issue | 4 | Pages | |
| Keywords | Human Health | ||||
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Patients in coronary care unit are at risk of sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation can be associated with increased blood pressure and heart rate, raising the risk of developing cardiovascular problems among patients hospitalized in coronary care unit. OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to examine the effect of eye mask on sleep quality in cardiac patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected using a convenient sampling method and randomly allocated into the experimental and control groups. Patients in the control group received routine care. However, in the experimental group, patients received routine care and eye mask for three subsequent nights. In the both groups, the sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. RESULTS: After the study, the median scores of the subjective sleep quality, the sleep latency, the sleep duration, the habitual sleep efficiency, and the sleep disturbances domains, as well as the median score of overall Pittsburgh sleep quality index in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the use of sleep medications and the daytime dysfunction domains (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Using eye mask can significantly improve the sleep quality in cardiac patients. Therefore, nurses are recommended to use eye mask in combination with current treatments for improving patients' sleep quality. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ intern @ | Serial | 2303 | ||
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| Author | Willmott, N. J., Henneken, J., Elgar, M. A., & Jones, T. M. | ||||
| Title | Guiding lights: Foraging responses of juvenile nocturnal orb‐web spiders to the presence of artificial light at night | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 125 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 289-287 |
| Keywords | Animals | ||||
| Abstract | The reach of artificial light at night (ALAN) is growing rapidly around the globe, including the increasing use of energy‐efficient LED lights. Many studies document the physiological costs of light at night, but far fewer have focused on the potential benefits for nocturnal insectivores and the likely ecological consequences of shifts in predator–prey relationships. We investigated the effects of ALAN on the foraging behaviour and prey capture success in juvenile Australian garden orb‐web spiders (Eriophora biapicata). Laboratory experiments demonstrated that juvenile spiders were attracted to LED lights when choosing foraging sites, but prey availability was a stronger cue for remaining in a foraging site. Field experiments revealed a significant increase in prey capture rates for webs placed near LED lights. This suggests that any physiological costs of light at night may be offset by the foraging benefits, perhaps partially explaining recently observed increases in the size, fecundity and abundance of some orb‐web spider species in urban environments. Our results highlight the potential long‐term consequences of night lighting in urban ecosystems, through the impact of orb‐web spiders on insect populations. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ intern @ | Serial | 2304 | ||
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| Author | Ciach, M., & Fröhlich, A. | ||||
| Title | Ungulates in the city: light pollution and open habitats predict the probability of roe deer occurring in an urban environment | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Urban Ecosystems | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 22 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 513–523 |
| Keywords | Animals; ungulates; Poland; Europe; roe deer; Capreolus capreolus | ||||
| Abstract | Although large and medium-sized herbivorous mammals avoid urbanized areas, they have recently begun to colonize towns and cities. In general, ungulates continue to avoid the centres of urban areas, and utilize mainly their thinly built-up outskirts. While extension of urban development is preventing ungulates from penetrating the urban landscape, the influence of noise and light pollution on the occurrence of mammalian herbivores is still poorly understood. Hence, we investigated the hypothesis that habitat availability shapes the distribution of roe deer Capreolus capreolus and artificial lightening discourages them from penetrating the urban landscape. Roe deer was recorded on 37% of randomly selected sample plots (N = 60) located within the city of Kraków (S Poland). The occupied plots contained significantly more open habitats, woodland patches were larger in them, but proximity to rivers, and noise and light pollution were significantly lower. The logistic regression model revealed that an increasing area of open habitats was positively correlated with the probability of roe deer occurring. However, the artificial lighting at night was negatively correlated with the probability of the species occurring: the negative effect of light pollution was mitigated by the greater area of open habitats. Our study highlights the very considerable potential of light pollution as a predictor of the occurrence of large mammals in the urban landscape. We argue that urbanization and the related artificial lighting at night may be a factor preventing ungulates from penetrating potentially suitable habitats in urban areas. | ||||
| Address | Department of Forest Biodiversity, Institute of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture, Kraków, Poland; michal.ciach(at)ur.krakow.pl | ||||
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| Call Number | IDA @ intern @ | Serial | 2305 | ||
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| Author | Seymoure, B. M., Linares, C., & White, J. | ||||
| Title | Connecting spectral radiometry of anthropogenic light sources to the visual ecology of organisms | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 308 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 93-110 |
| Keywords | Animals; Ecology; color space; ecological consequences; just noticeable difference; light pollution; photoreceptors; radiance; visual models; visual systems | ||||
| Abstract | Humans have drastically altered nocturnal environments with electric lighting. Animals depend on natural night light conditions and are now being inundated with artificial lighting. There are numerous artificial light sources that differ in spectral composition that should affect the perception of these light sources and due to differences in animal visual systems, the differences in color perception of these anthropogenic light sources should vary significantly. The ecological and evolutionary ramifications of these perceptual differences of light sources remain understudied. Here, we quantify the radiance of nine different street lights comprised of four different light sources: Metal Halide, Mercury Vapor, Light Emitting Diodes, and High‐Pressure Sodium and model how five animal visual systems will be stimulated by these light sources. We calculated the number of photons that photoreceptors in different visual systems would detect. We selected five visual systems: avian UV/VIS, avian V/VIS, human, wolf and hawk moth. We included non‐visual photoreceptors of vertebrates known for controlling circadian rhythms and other physiological traits. The nine light types stimulated visual systems and the photoreceptors within the visual systems differently. Furthermore, we modelled the chromatic contrast (Just Noticeable Differences [JNDs]) and color space overlap for each light type comparison for each visual system to see if organisms would perceive the lights as different colors. The JNDs of most light type comparisons were very high, indicating most visual systems would detect all light types as different colors, however mammalian visual systems would perceive many lights as the same color. We discuss the importance of understanding not only the brightness of artificial light types, but also the spectral composition of light types, as most organisms have different visual systems from humans. Thus, for researchers to understand how artificial light sources affect the visual environment of specific organisms and thus mitigate the effects, spectral information is crucial. | ||||
| Address | Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; brett.seymoure(at)gmail.com | ||||
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| Publisher | ZSL | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| Call Number | IDA @ intern @ | Serial | 2306 | ||
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| Author | Fan, J., He, H., Hu, T., Zhang, P., Yu, X., & Zhou, Y. | ||||
| Title | Estimation of Landscape Pattern Changes in BRICS from 1992 to 2013 Using DMSP-OLS NTL Images | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing | Abbreviated Journal | J Ind Soc Rem Sens |
| Volume | 47 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 725–735 |
| Keywords | Remote Sensing; BRICS; Brazil; India; China; South Africa; nighttime light; night lights; DMSP-OLS | ||||
| Abstract | Nighttime light data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System are widely used for monitoring urbanization development. Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries have global economic and cultural influence in the new era. It was the first time for the researches about BRICS countries adopting nighttime light data to analyze the urbanization process. In this paper, we calibrated and extracted annual urbanized area patches from cities in BRICS based on a quadratic polynomial model. Nine landscape indexes were calculated to analyze urbanization process characteristics in BRICS. The results suggested that China and India both expanded more rapidly than other countries, with urban areas that increased by more than 100%. The expansion of large core cities was dominant in the urbanization of China, while emerging and expanding small urban patches were major forces in the urbanization of India. Since 1992, urbanization declined and urban areas shrunk in Russia, but core cities still maintained strength of urbanization. Due to economic recovery, urban areas near large cities in Russia began to expand. From 1992 to 2013, the urbanization process in South Africa developed slowly, as evidenced by time series fluctuations, but overall the development remained stable. The degree of urbanization in Brazil was greater than that in South Africa but less than that in Russia. Large-sized cities expanded slowly and small-sized cities clearly expanded in BRICS from 1992 to 2013. | ||||
| Address | School of Civil and Architectural Engineering,Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China; anjf(at)sdut.edu.cn | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ intern @ | Serial | 2307 | ||
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