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| Author |
Sankhla, M., S., Sharma, K., & Kumar, R. |
| Title |
Impacts on Human & Environment of Night Time Light Pollution |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Galore International Journal of Applied Sciences and Humanities |
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3 |
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2 |
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| Keywords |
Human Health; Ecology; Review |
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Light is chief source of human life. Humans are too much depended on light. High amount of use light are causing pollution to be a growing problem, however few research studies have addressed probable effects of light pollution on wildlife& humans. Astrophysicists consider light pollution to be a growing problem on worldwide. The night-sky illumination is originated to be effected by human factors such as land utilization and population density of the observation sites, together with meteorological and/or environmental factors. The interest in light pollution has been growing in many fields of science, extending from the traditional field of astronomy to atmospheric physics, environmental sciences, natural sciences and human sciences. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2543 |
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Garstang, R.H. |
| Title |
Light Pollution at Mount Wilson: The Effects of Population Growth and Air Pollution |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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Memorie della Società Astronomia Italiana |
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71 |
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1 |
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Skyglow |
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This is the first part of a study of the historical growth of light pollution at Mount Wilson Observatory. The night sky brightness at Mount Wilson due to light pollution from Los Angeles basin was calculated for the years 1910 to 1990, neglecting changes in lighting technology, and without any air pollution ('smog'). The very large effect of population growth is shown. We made a simple extension of our night sky brightness program to include a layer of smog. Two possibilities of constant density and finite thickness. The ground level density is determined by the visibility. We assume a smog layer whose density increases from zero in 1920 to appropriate values for the years from 1950. We added this layer to out model and repeated the Mount Wilson calculations. An average smog layer reduces the visual brightness at the present time by about 6 percent. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2544 |
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Garstang, R. H. |
| Title |
Predictions of Future Light Pollution for Ground-Based Observatory Sites |
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Journal Article |
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1989 |
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Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society |
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21 |
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759 |
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Skyglow |
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In a paper now in press (P.A.S.P. March 1989) we have given details of an improved model for calculating the light pollution caused by one or more cities at an observatory or prospective observatory site. The principal difference in the new model from our earlier one is the inclusion of the effects of the curvature of the Earth, which are significant for the large cities at large distances from mountain observatories. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2545 |
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Marín-Gómez, O.H, & MacGregor-Fors, I. |
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How Early Do Birds Start Chirping? Dawn Chorus Onset and Peak Times in a Neotropical City |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Ardeola |
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66 |
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2 |
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327-341 |
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Animals |
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Urbanisation poses important challenges for animal communication. Avian dawn choruses are a prominent component of urban soundscapes and have received attention in recent urban ecology studies. Current evidence based on comparisons of urban and non-urban sites suggest that urbanisation is associated with earlier dawn chorus singing activity. However, this phenomenon remains mainly unexplored in tropical cities. We here assessed dawn chorus onset and peak times in two contrasting conditions of the urbanisation intensity gradient (i.e., intra-urban and peri-urban forested areas) of a Neotropical city, Xalapa in Mexico, assessing relationships with noise at sunrise and artificial light at night. We found no differences in dawn chorus onset or singing peak times when contrasting intra- and peri-urban areas. However, we found non-significant trends for earlier chorus onsets and peak times with increasing noise levels. Our results show no relationship between artificial light at night and dawn chorus timing, adding evidence to recent studies showing that light pollution does not seem to be determinant in the dawn choruses of tropical birds. Further research is needed to include a wider array of urbanisation conditions and drivers of the singing routines of urban tropical birds. —Marín-Gómez, O.H. & MacGregor-Fors, I. (2019). How early do birds start chirping? Dawn chorus onset and peak times in a Neotropical city. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2553 |
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Tilottama, G., Sutton, P. C., & Elvidge, C. D. |
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Informal Economy and Remittance Estimates of India Using Nighttime Imagery |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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International Journal of Ecological Economics & Statistics |
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17 |
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Remote Sensing; Economics |
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Accurate estimates of the magnitude and spatial distribution of both formal and informal economic activity have many useful applications. Developing alternative methods for making estimates of these economic activities may prove to be useful when other measures are of suspect accuracy or unavailable. This research explores the potential for estimating the formal and informal economy for India using known relationships between the spatial patterns of nighttime satellite imagery and economic activity in the United States (U.S.). Regression models have been developed between spatial patterns of nighttime imagery and Adjusted Official Gross State Product (AGSP) for the states of the U.S. The slope and intercept parameters derived from the regression models of the U.S. were blindly applied to India, resulting in an underestimation of Gross State Income (GSI) for each state and Union Territory (UT) of India because of the lower level of urbanization in India in comparison to the U.S. However, a comparison of estimated GSI from the nighttime lights image and the official Gross State Product (GSP) of the states and UTs of India indicates a high correlation between them (r = 0.93). The different levels of urbanization (i.e. percent of population in urban areas) in the U.S. and India are used to adjust the Estimated Gross Domestic Income (EGDI) by multiplying by the ratio of the percentage of the population in urban areas for the two countries. This gives the Adjusted Estimated Gross Domestic Income of India (AEGDI), which is compared with the official Gross National Income (GNI) estimates of India’s states and UTs. The results suggest that the magnitude of India’s informal economy and the inflow of remittances are 150 percent larger than their existing official estimates in the GNI. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2554 |
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