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Author |
Weiss, C.M. |
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Title |
The effect of illumination and stage of tide on the attachment of barnacle cyprids |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1947 |
Publication |
The Biological Bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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93 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
240-249 |
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animals |
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Abstract |
1. The cyprid larvae of Balanus improvisus were found to settle in a diurnal rhythm with maximum numbers attaching during daylight hours.
2. No consistent pattern of vertical distribution of the cyprids was found.
3. The normal diurnal cycle in rate of attachment of barnacle cyprids was nullified by the use of artificial illumination over the collecting surfaces at night.
4. The magnitude of the cyprid collection on the artificially illuminated surfaces was equal to the collection on the sun-illuminated surfaces in daylight.
5. The intensity of artificial light necessary to produce large cyprid attachments at night was of an order as low as 1 footcandle at the water surface.
6. No correlation was found between the quantity of artificial light at night and the numbers of cyprids attached.
7. The highest rate of cyprid attachment relative to the phase of the tide was found to occur when the waters of upper Biscayne Bay were sampled at the collecting station. This body of water reached the sampling station at low tide and was characterized by a high cyprid population. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2464 |
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Author |
Gunn, D.L.; Walshe, B.M. |
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Title |
The Biology and Behaviour of Ptinus Tectus Boie.(Coleoptera, Ptinidae), A Pest of Stored Products: IV. Temperature Preference |
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Year |
1942 |
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Journal of Experimental Biology |
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19 |
Issue |
2 |
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133-140 |
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2465 |
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Author |
Elliott, J.M. |
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Title |
The daily activity patterns of mayfly nymphs (Ephemeroptera) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1968 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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155 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
201-221 |
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Animals |
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Abstract |
Nymphs of Baëtis rhodani (Pictet), Ephemerella ignita (Poda), Ecdyonurus venosus (Fabricius), Rhithrogena semicolorata (Curtis), and Heptagenia lateralis (Curtis) showed a similar endogenous rhythm of activity under conditions of natural illumination, continuous light and continuous darkness; and were most active at night when they moved from the lower to the upper surface of the stone. The nymphs were positively thigmotactic and negatively phototactic in flowing water, but these taxes and the endogenous activity rhythm of all species except Heptagenia lateralis changed markedly when the flow of water ceased. |
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0952-8369 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2467 |
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Author |
Waddill, D.G.; Chaney, C.H.; Dutt, R.H. |
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Title |
Ovulation Rate In Gilts After Short-Time Exposure To Continuous Light |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1968 |
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Reproduction |
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Reproduction |
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15 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
123-125 |
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Ovulation rate in gilts maintained under continuous light (daylight plus 118 to 130 lux of artificial light at night) for a complete oestrous cycle during the spring months was not significantly different from that in gilts maintained under normal daylight. Average ovulation rates were 13·4 for controls and 13·1 for treated gilts. A significant (P<0·01) difference in ovulation rate was found between years. |
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1470-1626 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2468 |
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BjÖRnberg, T.K.S.; Wilbur, K.M. |
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Title |
Copepod Phototaxis And Vertical Migration Influenced By Xanthene Dyes |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1968 |
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The Biological Bulletin |
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The Biological Bulletin |
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134 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
398-410 |
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Animals |
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1. Phototaxis of the copepods Paracalanus crassirostris, Calanopia americana, and Acartia lillijeborgi has been measured by determining the percentage of a population moving toward or away from a point source of light per unit time. Quantitative differences in positive phototaxis were found between the species. Photopositive responses differed during the day and night in Acartia but not in Paracalanus and Calanopia.
2. Rhodamine B (8.4 x 10-6 M) brought about the following effects: (a) Locomotor activity was reversibly inhibited in all species. (b) Photopositive responses were increased in Calanopia and Acartia but decreased in Paracalanus. (c) The difference between day and night responses to a point source of light was abolished in Acartia and induced in Calanopia. (d) Somersaulting was induced in Paracalanus but not in the other species.
3. Pyronine B (8.4 x 10-6 M) also decreased locomotor activity. Fluorescein sodium (1.1 x 10-5 M and 1.1 x 10-4 M) was without significant effect.
4. Paracalanus, Calanopia, and Acartia exhibited characteristically distinct diurnal migratory cycles in vertical cylinders, which correlated well with behavior in natural waters. Calanopia and Acartia migrated to the bottom in the daylight whereas Paracalanus and young forms of Acartia were widely distributed vertically during daylight. Specimens of Calanopia and Acartia kept in the dark did not migrate.
5. The effects of rhodamine B (8.4 x 10-6 M) on vertical migration depended upon species, developmental stage, and time of day. In general, rhodamine increased the concentration of animals at the surface at night and at the bottom in daylight. Fluorescein sodium (1.1 x 10-5 M and 1.1 x 10-4 M) had little effect on vertical migration.
6. The effectiveness of rhodamine B and pyronine B is probably related to the presence of diethylamine groups lacking in fluorescein. |
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0006-3185 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2469 |
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