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Author |
Liu, Z.; Lv, Y.; Ding, R.; Chen, X.; Pu, G. |
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Title |
Light Pollution Changes the Toxicological Effects of Cadmium on Microbial Community Structure and Function Associated with Leaf Litter Decomposition |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Mol Sci |
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Volume |
21 |
Issue |
2 |
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Keywords |
Plants; Illumina Sequencing; artificial light at night; cadmium pollution; extracellular enzyme activities; litter decomposition; microbial biodiversity |
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Abstract |
Artificial light at night (ALAN/A) can not only alter the behavior and communication of biological organisms, it can also interact with other stressors. Despite its widespread use and the numerous potential ecological effects, little is known about the impact of ALAN on plant litter decomposition under cadmium (Cd) pollution in aquatic ecosystems. In an indoor microcosm experiment, we tested single and combined effects of ALAN and Cd on the activities and community structure of fungi associated with plant litter. The results showed that ALAN and/or Cd can change both water and leaf litter characteristics. ALAN exposure not only altered fungal community structure and their correlations, but also increased the activities of alkaline phosphatase, beta-glucosidase, and cellobiohydrolase. The leaf litter decomposition rate was 71% higher in the A-Cd treatment than that in the N-Cd treatment, indicating that the presence of ALAN weakened the negative impact of Cd on leaf litter decomposition. These results suggested that ALAN exposure mitigated the negative effect of Cd on leaf litter decomposition, contributing to the duel effect of ALAN on leaf litter decomposition. Overall, the results expand our understanding of ALAN on the environment and highlight the contribution of ALAN to Cd toxicity in aquatic ecosystems. |
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Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China |
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1422-0067 |
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PMID:31936535 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2818 |
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Author |
Breitler, J.-C.; Djerrab, D.; Leran, S.; Toniutti, L.; Guittin, C.; Severac, D.; Pratlong, M.; Dereeper, A.; Etienne, H.; Bertrand, B. |
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Title |
Full moonlight-induced circadian clock entrainment in Coffea arabica |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
BMC Plant Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
BMC Plant Biol |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
24 |
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Keywords |
Moonlight; Plants |
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Abstract |
BACKGROUND: It is now well documented that moonlight affects the life cycle of invertebrates, birds, reptiles, and mammals. The lunisolar tide is also well-known to alter plant growth and development. However, although plants are known to be very photosensitive, few studies have been undertaken to explore the effect of moonlight on plant physiology. RESULTS: Here for the first time we report a massive transcriptional modification in Coffea arabica genes under full moonlight conditions, particularly at full moon zenith and 3 h later. Among the 3387 deregulated genes found in our study, the main core clock genes were affected. CONCLUSIONS: Moonlight also negatively influenced many genes involved in photosynthesis, chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast machinery at the end of the night, suggesting that the full moon has a negative effect on primary photosynthetic machinery at dawn. Moreover, full moonlight promotes the transcription of major rhythmic redox genes and many heat shock proteins, suggesting that moonlight is perceived as stress. We confirmed this huge impact of weak light (less than 6 lx) on the transcription of circadian clock genes in controlled conditions mimicking full moonlight. |
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UMR IPME, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, F-34394, Montpellier, France |
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1471-2229 |
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PMID:31941456 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2817 |
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Arderne, C.; Zorn, C.; Nicolas, C.; Koks, E.E. |
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Title |
Predictive mapping of the global power system using open data |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Scientific Data |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Data |
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Volume |
7 |
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1 |
Pages |
19 |
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Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
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Abstract |
Limited data on global power infrastructure makes it difficult to respond to challenges in electricity access and climate change. Although high-voltage data on transmission networks are often available, medium- and low-voltage data are often non-existent or unavailable. This presents a challenge for practitioners working on the electricity access agenda, power sector resilience or climate change adaptation. Using state-of-the-art algorithms in geospatial data analysis, we create a first composite map of the global power system with an open license. We find that 97% of the global population lives within 10 km of a MV line, but with large variations between regions and income levels. We show an accuracy of 75% across our validation set of 14 countries, and we demonstrate the value of these data at both a national and regional level. The results from this study pave the way for improved efforts in electricity modelling and planning and are an important step in tackling the Sustainable Development Goals. |
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Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
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2052-4463 |
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PMID:31941897 |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2816 |
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Author |
Tabaka, P.; Rozga, P. |
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Title |
Influence of a Light Source Installed in a Luminaire of Opal Sphere Type on the Effect of Light Pollution |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Energies |
Abbreviated Journal |
Energies |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
306 |
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Keywords |
Lighting |
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The article presents the results of the studies concerning the influence of a light source installed in luminaire of opal sphere type on the light pollution effect of the night sky. It is known from literature reports that the effect of light pollution is influenced by the spectral distribution of light. Although the influence of the spectral distribution has been widely studied from different perspectives, there is still a need to study this phenomenon—for example, from the point of view of the spectral reflection properties of the ground, on which the lanterns are installed. Hence, the above-mentioned aspect was considered in the authors’ investigations. The luminaire considered has been equipped with 20 different light sources, including the latest generation of lamps (light-emitting diodes, LEDs) as well as the conventional ones. With respect to these light sources, the measurements of light distribution and spectral distribution of emitted radiation of the luminaire were performed. Having these measurement data, the simulations were carried out using the DIALux software, and the calculations were made using the specially prepared calculation tool. On the basis of the results obtained in this way this was stated that the type of light source installed in the luminaire has a significant effect on the sky glow. An important factor affecting light pollution is not only the value of the luminous flux emitted upward but also the spectral characteristics of the emitted radiation, the impact of which is most noticeable. The conclusions from the studies indicate the next steps in the analysis of the light pollution effect. These steps will be focused on extended analysis of LEDs as modern and developed light sources. |
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1996-1073 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2815 |
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Author |
Kyba, C.C.M.; Pritchard, S.B.; Ekirch, A.R.; Eldridge, A.; Jechow, A.; Preiser, C.; Kunz, D.; Henckel, D.; Hölker, F.; Barentine, J.; Berge, J.; Meier, J.; Gwiazdzinski, L.; Spitschan, M.; Milan, M.; Bach, S.; Schroer, S.; Straw, W. |
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Title |
Night Matters—Why the Interdisciplinary Field of “Night Studies” Is Needed |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
J — Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal |
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J |
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3 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-6 |
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Keywords |
Commentary; night; night science; night studies; nyctology; interdisciplinary studies; scholarship |
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The night has historically been neglected in both disciplinary and interdisciplinary research. To some extent, this is not surprising, given the diurnal bias of human researchers and the difficulty of performing work at night. The night is, however, a critical element of biological, chemical, physical, and social systems on Earth. Moreover, research into social issues such as inequality, demographic changes, and the transition to a sustainable economy will be compromised if the night is not considered. Recent years, however, have seen a surge in research into the night. We argue that “night studies” is on the cusp of coming into its own as an interdisciplinary field, and that when it does, the field will consider questions that disciplinary researchers have not yet thought to ask. |
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GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam 14473, Germany; kyba(at)gfz-potsdam.de |
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MDPI |
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English |
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English |
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2571-8800 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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2814 |
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