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| Author | S Fotios, J Uttley | ||||
| Title | Illuminance required to detect a pavement obstacle of critical size | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Lighting Research & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 50 | Issue | Pages | 390-404 | |
| Keywords | Vision; Lighting | ||||
| Abstract | This paper investigates the illuminance needed to detect trip hazards for pedestrians walking after dark. In previous work, it was assumed that the critical obstacle height is 25 mm: further review of accident data and foot clearance data suggests instead that 10 mm is the critical height. Eye tracking records suggest a tendency for obstacles to be detected approximately 3.4 m ahead. Interpretation of obstacle detection data suggests horizontal photopic illuminances of up to 0.9 lux are required for peripheral detection of a 10 mm obstacle 3.4 m ahead, according to the scotopic/photopic ratio of the lighting and the age of the observer. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ kyba @ | Serial | 1765 | ||
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| Author | Fotios, S., Price, T | ||||
| Title | Road lighting and accidents: Why lighting is not the only answer | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Lighting Journal | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 82 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 22-26 |
| Keywords | Lighting; Public Safety | ||||
| Abstract | Tony Price and Steve Fotios point out that while road lighting can be a significant counter measure to accidents, and that higher levels might help, the presence of road lighting does not guarantee all accidents will be avoided. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ kyba @ | Serial | 1767 | ||
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| Author | S Fotios, C Cheal, S Fox, | ||||
| Title | The transition between lit and unlit sections of road and detection of driving hazards after dark | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Lighting Research & Technology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 51 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 243-261 |
| Keywords | Vision; Public Safety; Lighting; Planning | ||||
| Abstract | An experiment to investigate peripheral detection performance during a driver’s transition between lit and unlit sections of road was undertaken. The results suggest that when a driver moves from a lit to an unlit section of road their detection performance decreases almost immediately to that expected for the conditions of the unlit section and that there is no significant change in the subsequent 20-minute period. Tests were conducted at three luminances (0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 cd/m2): while an increase from 0.1 to 1.0 cd/m2 improved detection, a further increase to 2.0 cd/m2 did not. Lighting of two S/P ratios (0.65, 1.40) was examined at 1.0 cd/m2: this did not suggest an effect on detection performance. Taken together, these results suggest that, in the current context, visual performance reached a plateau at 1.0 cd/m2. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ kyba @; GFZ @ kyba @ | Serial | 1769 | ||
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| Author | Min, J.-young; Min, K.-bok | ||||
| Title | Outdoor light at night and the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors: a cross-sectional study in a nationally representative sample of Korean adults | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Journal of Affective Disorders | Abbreviated Journal | Journal of Affective Disorders |
| Volume | 227 | Issue | Pages | 199-205 | |
| Keywords | Human Health | ||||
| Abstract | Background Outdoor light at night (LAN) is an increasingly prevalent type of environmental pollution. Studies have demonstrated that outdoor LAN can disrupt circadian rhythms, potentially contributing to insomnia, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic changes in humans. We investigated the association of outdoor LAN with depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors in South Korean adults. Methods This study used data from the 2009 Korean Community Health Survey, a representative sample dataset. Study population consisted of 113,119 participants for the assessment of depressive symptoms and 152,159 participants for the assessment of suicidal behavior. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (depressive symptoms, score of > 16). Suicidal behaviors were defined as the experience of suicidal ideation or attempt. Outdoor LAN was estimated by satellite data from the National Centers for Environmental Information. Results Participants with depressive symptoms or history of suicidal behaviors were more likely to have exposure to outdoor LAN than those without depressive symptoms or suicidal behaviors. Compared with adults living in areas exposed to the lowest outdoor LAN, those living in areas exposed to the highest levels had higher likelihood depressive symptoms (OR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.15–1.46) or suicidal behaviors (OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.16–1.39). Significant dose-response relationships were observed between outdoor LAN and the odds of depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors. Conclusion Outdoor LAN was found to be significantly associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors, suggesting that it may be an environmental contributor to mental health problems. |
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| ISSN | 0165-0327 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ kyba @ | Serial | 1777 | ||
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| Author | Zachary M. Cravens, Veronica A. Brown, Timothy J. Divoll, Justin G. Boyles | ||||
| Title | Illuminating prey selection in an insectivorous bat community, exposed to artificial light at night | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Journal of Applied Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 55 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 705-713 |
| Keywords | Animals; Ecology | ||||
| Abstract | 1.Light pollution has been increasing around the globe and threatens to disturb natural rhythms of wildlife species. Artificial light impacts the behaviour of insectivorous bats in numerous ways, including foraging behaviour, which may in turn lead to altered prey selection. 2.In a manipulative field experiment, we collected faecal samples from six species of insectivorous bats in naturally dark and artificially lit conditions, and identified prey items using molecular methods to investigate effects of light pollution on prey selection. 3.Proportional differences of identified prey were not consistent and appeared to be species specific. Red bats, little brown bats, and gray bats exhibited expected increases in moths at lit sites. Beetle-specialist big brown bats had a sizeable increase in beetle consumption around lights, while tri-colored bats and evening bats showed little change in moth consumption between experimental conditions. Dietary overlap was high between experimental conditions within each species, and dietary breadth only changed significantly between experimental conditions in one species, the little brown bat. 4.Policy implications. Our results, building on others, demonstrate that bat-insect interactions may be more nuanced than the common assertion that moth consumption increases around lights. They highlight the need for a greater mechanistic understanding of bat-light interactions to predict which species will be most affected by light pollution. Given differences in bat and insect communities, we advocate biologists, land stewards, and civil planners work collaboratively to determine lighting solutions that minimize changes in foraging behaviour of species in the local bat community. Such efforts may allow stakeholders to more effectively craft management strategies to minimize unnatural shifts in prey selection caused by artificial lights. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ kyba @ | Serial | 1783 | ||
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