| Records |
| Author |
Patel, J.S.; Radetsky, L.; Rea, M.S. |
| Title |
The Value of Red Light at Night for Increasing Basil Yield |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Canadian Journal of Plant Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Can. J. Plant Sci. |
| Volume |
98 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1321-1330 |
| Keywords |
Plants |
| Abstract |
Sweet basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum L.</i>) is primarily used for culinary purposes, but it is also used in the fragrance and medicinal industries. In the last few years, global sweet basil production has been significantly impacted by downy mildew caused by <i>Peronospora belbahrii</i>. Nighttime exposure to red light has been shown to inhibit sporulation of <i>P. belbahrii</i>. The objective of this study was to determine if nighttime exposure to red light from light-emitting diodes (LEDs; λ<sub>max</sub> = 625 nm) could increase plant growth (plant height and leaf size) and yield (number and weight of leaves) in basil plants. In two sets of greenhouse experiments, red light was applied at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 60 µmol m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> during the otherwise dark night for 10 hours (from 20:00 to 06:00). The results demonstrate that exposure to red light at night can increase the number of basil leaves per plant, plant height, leaf size (length and width), and leaf fresh and dry weight, compared to plants in darkness at night. The addition of incremental red light at night has the potential to be cost-effective for fresh organic basil production in controlled environments. |
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0008-4220 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1955 |
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| Author |
Emmer, K.M.; Russart, K.L.G.; Walker, W.H.; Nelson, R.J.; DeVries, A.C. |
| Title |
Effects of light at night on laboratory animals and research outcomes |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Behavioral Neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Neurosci |
| Volume |
132 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
302-314 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Light has substantial influences on the physiology and behavior of most laboratory animals. As such, lighting conditions within animal rooms are potentially significant and often underappreciated variables within experiments. Disruption of the light/dark cycle, primarily by exposing animals to light at night (LAN), disturbs biological rhythms and has widespread physiological consequences because of mechanisms such as melatonin suppression, sympathetic stimulation, and altered circadian clock gene expression. Thus, attention to the lighting environment of laboratory animals and maintaining consistency of a light/dark cycle is imperative for study reproducibility. Light intensity, as well as wavelength, photoperiod, and timing, are all important variables. Although modern rodent facilities are designed to facilitate appropriate light cycling, there are simple ways to modify rooms to prevent extraneous light exposure during the dark period. Attention to lighting conditions of laboratory animals by both researchers and research care staff ensures best practices for maintaining animal welfare, as well as reproducibility of research results. (PsycINFO Database Record |
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Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University |
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English |
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0735-7044 |
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PMID:29952608 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1957 |
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Maroni, M.J.; Capri, K.M.; Cushman, A.V.; Monteiro De Pina, I.K.; Chasse, M.H.; Seggio, J.A. |
| Title |
Constant light alters serum hormone levels related to thyroid function in male CD-1 mice |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1456-1463 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Disruptions to the circadian rhythm can lead to altered metabolism. Modification of thyroid function may be a reason why circadian misalignment may contribute to future metabolic disorders. We investigated whether circadian disruption through constant light (LL) can lead to variations in hormone levels associated with thyroid function. Mice were exposed to LL or a 12:12 Light:Dark (LD) cycle for 6 weeks; then glucose tolerance and thyroid hormone levels were measured at ZT 6 and ZT 18. There was day/night variation in glucose tolerance, but LL had no effect. LL reduced TSH, increased fT4, and abolished day/night variation in fT3 and leptin. These findings illustrate that LL alters thyroid-related hormones, providing evidence of a link between circadian disruption and thyroid function. |
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a Department of Biological Sciences , Bridgewater State University , Bridgewater , MA , USA |
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English |
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0742-0528 |
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PMID:29953263 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1958 |
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Miller, S.D.; Straka III, W.C.; Yue, J.; Seaman, C.J.; Xu, S.; Elvidge, C.D.; Hoffmann, L.; Azeem, I. |
| Title |
The Dark Side of Hurricane Matthew: Unique Perspectives from the VIIRS Day/Night Band |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. |
| Volume |
99 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2561-2574 |
| Keywords |
remote sensing |
| Abstract |
Hurricane Matthew (28 Sep – 9 October 2016) was perhaps the most infamous storm of the 2016 Atlantic hurricane season, claiming over 600 lives and causing over $15 billion USD in damages across the central Caribbean and southeastern U.S. seaboard. Research surrounding Matthew and its many noteworthy meteorological characteristics (e.g., rapid intensification into the southernmost Category 5 hurricane in the Atlantic basin on record, strong lightning and sprite production, and unusual cloud morphology) is ongoing. Satellite remote sensing typically plays an important role in the forecasting and study of hurricanes, providing a top-down perspective on storms developing over the remote and inherently data sparse tropical oceans. In this regard, a relative newcomer among the suite of satellite observations useful for tropical cyclone monitoring and research is the Visible/Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band (DNB), a sensor flying onboard the NOAA/NASA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) satellite. Unlike conventional instruments, the DNB's sensitivity to extremely low levels of visible/near-infrared light offers new insight on storm properties and impacts. Here, we chronicle Matthew’s path of destruction and peer through the DNB’s looking glass of low-light visible observations, including lightning connected to sprite formation, modulation of the atmospheric nightglow by storm-generated gravity waves, and widespread power outages. Collected without moonlight, these examples showcase the wealth of unique information present in DNB nocturnal low-light observations without moonlight, and their potential to complement traditional satellite measurements of tropical storms worldwide. |
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0003-0007 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1959 |
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Porcheret, K.; Wald, L.; Fritschi, L.; Gerkema, M.; Gordijn, M.; Merrrow, M.; Rajaratnam, S.M.W.; Rock, D.; Sletten, T.L.; Warman, G.; Wulff, K.; Roenneberg, T.; Foster, R.G. |
| Title |
Chronotype and environmental light exposure in a student population |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1365-1374 |
| Keywords |
Human Health |
| Abstract |
In humans and most other species, changes in the intensity and duration of light provide a critical set of signals for the synchronisation of the circadian system to the astronomical day. The timing of activity within the 24 h day defines an individual's chronotype, i.e. morning, intermediate or evening type. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between environmental light exposure, due to geographical location, on the chronotype of university students. Over 6 000 university students from cities in the Northern Hemisphere (Oxford, Munich and Groningen) and Southern Hemisphere (Perth, Melbourne and Auckland) completed the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire. In parallel, light measures (daily irradiance, timing of sunrise and sunset) were compiled from satellite or ground stations at each of these locations. Our data shows that later mid-sleep point on free days (corrected for oversleep on weekends MFSsc) is associated with (i) residing further from the equator, (ii) a later sunset, (iii) spending more time outside and (iv) waking from sleep significantly after sunrise. However, surprisingly, MSFsc did not correlate with daily light intensity at the different geographical locations. Although these findings appear to contradict earlier studies suggesting that in the wider population increased light exposure is associated with an earlier chronotype, our findings are derived exclusively from a student population aged between 17 and 26 years. We therefore suggest that the age and occupation of our population increase the likelihood that these individuals will experience relatively little light exposure in the morning whilst encountering more light exposure later in the day, when light has a delaying effect upon the circadian system. |
| Address |
a Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK |
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English |
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0742-0528 |
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| Notes |
PMID:29913073 |
Approved |
no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1962 |
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