| Records |
| Author |
Lyytimäki, J.; Rinne, J. |
| Title |
Voices for the darkness: online survey on public perceptions on light pollution as an environmental problem |
Type  |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
127-139 |
| Keywords |
environmental management; light pollution; public perceptions; survey; public policy |
| Abstract |
Light pollution is increasingly affecting ecosystems and human health. We present results from an online survey aimed to chart what aspects of lighting are considered harmful and how light pollution is perceived by the public. We focus on affluent societies by using Finland as an example of a northern industrialised country. The survey generated 2053 responses, particularly from well-educated urban persons living in residential areas and interested in astronomy or environmental issues. The results show that the lighting of residential areas and lighting serving traffic are considered the most common sources of light pollution while commercial lighting is perceived as the most annoying form of light use. Respondents commonly considered light pollution as a disturbance for outdoor recreation and relaxation. The results suggest that the ecological and health effects of light pollution emphasised by the research are poorly known by the people emphasising the aesthetic aspects. The results indicate relatively wide but passive acceptance for policy measures aimed at reducing light pollution. |
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1943-815X |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
248 |
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| Author |
Kocifaj, M.; Aubé, M.; Kohút, I. |
| Title |
The effect of spatial and spectral heterogeneity of ground-based light sources on night-sky radiances: Light pollution for heterogeneous sources |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
409 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1203-1212 |
| Keywords |
light pollution; scattering; atmospheric effects; methods: numerical |
| Abstract |
Nowadays, light pollution is a permanent problem at many observatories around the world. Elimination of excessive lighting during the night is not only about reduction of the total luminous power of ground-based light sources, but also involves experimenting with the spectral features of single lamps. Astronomical photometry is typically made at specific wavelengths, and thus the analysis of the spectral effects of light pollution is highly important. Nevertheless, studies on the spectral behaviour of night light are quite rare. Instead, broad-band or integral quantities (such as sky luminance) are preferentially measured and modelled. The knowledge of night-light spectra is necessary for the proper interpretation of narrow-band photometry data. In this paper, the night-sky radiances in the nominal spectral lines of the B (445 nm) and V (551 nm) filters are determined numerically under clear-sky conditions. Simultaneously, the corresponding sky-luminance patterns are computed and compared against the spectral radiances. It is shown that spectra, patterns and distances of the most important light sources (towns) surrounding an observatory are essential for determining the light pollution levels. In addition, the optical characteristics of the local atmosphere can change the angular behaviour of the sky radiance or luminance. All these effects are evaluated for two Slovakian observatories: Stará Lesná and Vartovka. |
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0035-8711 |
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no |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
259 |
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| Author |
Duriscoe, D.M.; Luginbuhl, C.B.; Elvidge, C.D. |
| Title |
The relation of outdoor lighting characteristics to sky glow from distant cities |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research and Technology |
| Volume |
46 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
35-49 |
| Keywords |
measurements; light pollution; light at night; Suomi NPP; satellite; remote sensing; VIIRS |
| Abstract |
Five cities in the southwest United States were selected for an analysis of the impact of outdoor lighting practices on nighttime sky glow as observed from distances of 8–67 km. Data from the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite visible infrared imaging radiometer suite day/night band were used to identify light sources for input to an atmospheric sky glow model. Total lumens of outdoor lighting were estimated by matching modelled to observed anthropogenic sky luminance at ground locations. The results of two conservative treatments were then modelled for each city: all outdoor luminaires fully shielded with the current lumen amount, and fully shielded luminaires with a lumen amount scaled to 2075 lm/capita, matching Flagstaff, Arizona. The results indicate 42–88% reductions in average all-sky glow utilizing these ‘best practices’ for environmental conservation. |
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U.S. National Park Service Night Skies Program, Bishop, CA, USA |
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Sage |
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| Language |
Engligh |
Summary Language |
English |
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1477-1535 |
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no |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
268 |
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Kyba, C.C.M.; Ruhtz, T.; Fischer, J.; Hölker, F. |
| Title |
Red is the new black: how the colour of urban skyglow varies with cloud cover |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
| Volume |
425 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
701-708 |
| Keywords |
Keywords: skyglow; radiative transfer; atmospheric effects; instrumentation: detectors; light pollution |
| Abstract |
The development of street lamps based on solid-state lighting technology is likely to introduce a major change in the colour of urban skyglow (one form of light pollution). We demonstrate the need for long-term monitoring of this trend by reviewing the influences it is likely to have on disparate fields. We describe a prototype detector which is able to monitor these changes, and could be produced at a cost low enough to allow extremely widespread use. Using the detector, we observed the differences in skyglow radiance in red, green and blue channels. We find that clouds increase the radiance of red light by a factor of 17.6, which is much larger than that for blue (7.1). We also find that the gradual decrease in sky radiance observed on clear nights in Berlin appears to be most pronounced at longer wavelengths. |
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0035-8711 |
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no |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
272 |
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| Author |
Kocifaj, M. |
| Title |
Two-stream approximation for rapid modeling the light pollution levels in local atmosphere |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Astrophysics and Space Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Astrophys Space Sci |
| Volume |
341 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
301-307 |
| Keywords |
Light pollution; Atmospheric effects; Methods: numerical; Radiative transfer; Scattering; modeling; two-stream approximation |
| Abstract |
The two-stream concept is used for modeling the radiative transfer in Earth's atmosphere illuminated by ground-based light sources. The light pollution levels (illuminance and irradiance) are computed for various aerosol microphysical parameters, specifically the asymmetry parameter g A , single scattering albedo ω A , and optical thickness τ A . Two distinct size distributions of Junge's and gamma-type are employed. Rather then being a monotonic function of τ A , the diffuse illuminance/irradiance shows a local minimum at specific τ A, lim independent of size distribution taken into consideration. The existence of local minima has relation to the scattering and attenuation efficiencies both of which have opposite effects. The computational scheme introduced in this paper is advantageous especially if the entire set of calculations needs to be repeated with an aim to simulate diffuse light in various situations and when altering optical states of the atmospheric environment. |
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0004-640X |
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no |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
273 |
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