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Author |
Torres-Farfan, C.; Mendez, N.; Ehrefeld, P.; Seron-Ferre, M. |
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Title |
In utero circadian changes; facing light pollution |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Current Opinion in Physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Current Opinion in Physiology |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
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Pages |
128-134 |
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Keywords |
Human Health; Review; In Utero; Pregnancy; Circadian Rhythm |
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Abstract |
Regardless of the molecular and physiological mechanisms involved, maternal fetal circadian systems interactions are recognized as crucial crosstalk for fetal development, and in turn, it may be a key factor determining fitting health in adulthood. However, in the last 100 years, life on the planet has altered the natural light-dark cycle by increasing light at night inducing disorganization of the circadian system, i.e. chronodisruption, including perturbation of the melatonin circadian rhythm by decreasing its nocturnal peak. The reduction in melatonin is associated with gradual losses in antioxidant protection, immunological and anti-inflammatory effects and as stated by WHO, the lack of nocturnal peak of melatonin is a deleterious signal that may induce chronic disease and cancer. Collectively the current review provides evidence about the role played by maternal circadian rhythms in fetal development and the impact of fetal-maternal desynchronization in the health and diseases of the offspring. |
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Address |
Laboratory of Developmental Chronobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; claudia.torres(at)uach.cl |
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Publisher |
Elsever |
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English |
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English |
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2468-8673 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2761 |
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Author |
Ranzoni, J.; Giuliani, G.; Huber, L.; Ray, N. |
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Title |
Modelling the nocturnal ecological continuum of the State of Geneva, Switzerland, based on high-resolution nighttime imagery |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100268 |
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Keywords |
Remote Sensing; Ecology; Switzerland; Europe; orthophotography; viewshed analysis |
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Abstract |
The increase of artificial light in recent decades has led to a general awareness of the harmful consequences of light pollution on biodiversity. The artificial light is however rarely taken into account in the principles of developing ecological networks. There is currently no standardized method for integrating this darkness factor into ecological network modeling. We propose a methodology for the identification of the nocturnal continuum through an approach based on the automated extraction of light sources from nocturnal orthophotography and the modeling of their visibility within a territory. The model is applied to the transboundary region of the Geneva basin in Switzerland and allows for the integration of the darkness factor into the existing ecological networks. Although the analysis does not consider metric lighting data, a viewshed analysis allows for a first large-scale mapping of the nighttime continuum and highlights the areas benefiting from very low light pollution. |
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University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Route de Presinge 150, 1254, Jussy, Switzerland; jessica.ranzoni(at)hesge.ch |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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English |
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2352-9385 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2687 |
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Author |
Marx, A.; Ziegler Rogers, M. |
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Title |
Analysis of Panamanian DMSP/OLS nightlights corroborates suspicions of inaccurate fiscal data: A natural experiment examining the accuracy of GDP data |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
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Pages |
99-104 |
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Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
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Abstract |
Governments have incentives to misreport their economic productivity to advance their political goals. These incentives have long been understood, but the validity of government data has been difficult to estimate in the absence of viable external estimates. Using historic Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System nightlights imagery we corroborate reports that Panama's government data has been increasingly politicised since the handover of the Panama Canal on 31 December 1999. The Canal Handover represents a “natural experiment” in which the production of government data changed in Panama for reasons separate from the desire to manipulate that data. The amount of light a country produces at night, known as nightlight production, has been shown to strongly correlate with GDP. Using subnational Panamanian nightlight production from 1996 to 2012, we detect a significant divergence between the relationship of subnational reported GDP and nightlights before the Canal handover (when the U.S.A. was very involved in their statistical agencies) and the correlation after the handover (with no U.S. involvement). Our results indicate that between 2000 and 2012, Panama reported approximately 19% more GDP than what was expected by their nightlight production from 2000 to 2012, or a total of around 40 billion U.S. dollars. Our results suggest governments may engage in political manipulation of government statistics to improve the appearance of government performance. While indirect data can never definitely confirm economic phenomena, this analysis presents a unique research design and application of historic satellite imagery to corroborate reports of GDP misreporting. |
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ISSN |
2352-9385 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2479 |
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Author |
Kalousová, L.; Xiao, B.; Burgard, S.A. |
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Title |
Material hardship and sleep: results from the Michigan Recession and Recovery Study |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Sleep Health |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sleep Health |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
113-127 |
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Keywords |
Human Health; Remote Sensing; Sleep; sleep inequality; Society; sleep outcomes |
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Abstract |
Objective
Sleep is unequally distributed in the US population. People with low socioeconomic status report worse quality and shorter sleep than people with high socioeconomic status. Past research hypothesized that a potential reason for this link could be exposure to material hardship. This study examines the associations between several material hardships and sleep outcomes.
Methods
We use population-representative cross-sectional data (n = 730) from the Michigan Recession and Recovery Study collected in 2013 and examine the associations between 6 indicators of material hardship (employment instability, financial problems, housing instability, food insecurity, forgone medical care, and the total number of material hardships reported) and 3 sleep outcomes (short sleep, sleep problems, and nonrestorative sleep). We build multivariable logistic regression models controlling for respondents’ characteristics and light pollution near their residence.
Results
In unadjusted models, all material hardships were associated with negative sleep outcomes. In adjusted models, forgone medical care was a statistically significant predictor of nonrestorative sleep (average marginal effect 0.16), as was employment instability (average marginal effect 0.12). The probability of sleep problems and nonrestorative sleep increased with a greater number of hardships overall (average marginal effects of .02 and .05, respectively). We found marginally statistically significant positive associations between food insecurity and short sleep and sleep problems.
Conclusions
This study finds that, except when considering foregone medical care, employment instability, and total count of material hardships, associations between material hardship and negative sleep outcomes are not statistically significant after adjusting for a robust set of sociodemographic and health characteristics. |
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Address |
Nuffield College, 1 New Rd, Oxford, OX1 1NF, United Kingdom; lucie.kalousova(at)nuffield.ox.ac.uk |
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ISSN |
2352-7218 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2180 |
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Author |
Dautovich, N.D.; Schreiber, D.R.; Imel, J.L.; Tighe, C.A.; Shoji, K.D.; Cyrus, J.; Bryant, N.; Lisech, A.; O'Brien, C.; Dzierzewski, J.M. |
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Title |
A systematic review of the amount and timing of light in association with objective and subjective sleep outcomes in community-dwelling adults |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Sleep Health |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sleep Health |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
31–48 |
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Keywords |
Human Health; Review; light timing; Sleep |
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Abstract |
Light is considered the dominant environmental cue, or zeitgeber, influencing the sleep-wake cycle. Despite recognizing the importance of light for our well-being, less is known about the specific conditions under which light is optimally associated with better sleep. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to examine the association between the amount and timing of light exposure in relation to sleep outcomes in healthy, community-dwelling adults. A systematic search was conducted of four databases from database inception to June 2016. In total, 45 studies met the review eligibility criteria with generally high study quality excepting for the specification of eligibility criteria and the justification of sample size. The majority of studies involved experimental manipulation of light (n = 32) vs observational designs (n = 13). Broad trends emerged suggesting that (1) bright light (>1000 lux) has positive implications for objectively assessed sleep outcomes compared to dim (<100 lux) and moderate light (100-1000 lux) and (2) bright light (>1000 lux) has positive implications for subjectively assessed sleep outcomes compared to moderate light (100-1000 lux). Effects due to the amount of light are moderated by the timing of light exposure such that, for objectively assessed sleep outcomes, brighter morning and evening light exposure are consistent with a shift in the timing of the sleep period to earlier and later in the day, respectively. For subjectively assessed sleep outcomes, brighter light delivered in the morning was associated with self-reported sleep improvements and brighter evening light exposure was associated with worse self-reported sleep. |
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Address |
Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 W Franklin St, Room 203, PO Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018 USA; ndautovich(at)vcu.edu |
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Publisher |
National Sleep Foundation |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2352-7218 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2050 |
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