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Wang, X.; Liu, G.; Coscieme, L.; Giannetti, B.F.; Hao, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Brown, M.T. |
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Title |
Study on the emergy-based thermodynamic geography of the Jing-Jin-Ji region: Combined multivariate statistical data with DMSP-OLS nighttime lights data |
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Journal Article |
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Year  |
2019 |
Publication |
Ecological Modelling |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecological Modelling |
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397 |
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1-15 |
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Remote Sensing |
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Abstract |
Emergy analysis is one of the ecological thermodynamics methods. With a specific set of indicators, it is proved to be highly informative for sustainability assessment of national/regional economies. However, a large amount of data needed for its calculation are from official statistical data by administrative divisions. The spatialization of emergy in early researches were limited to the administrative boundaries. The emergy inside an administrative boundary renders a single value, which hides plenty of information for more precise regional planning.
This study develops a new methodology for mapping the spatial distribution of emergy density of a region. The renewable resource distribution can be mapped based on latest geospatial datasets and GIS technology, instead of solely relying on statistics and yearbooks data. Besides, a new spatialization method of non-renewable emergy based on DMSP-OLS nighttime lights data is proposed. Combined with the radiation calibration data, the problem of light saturation of DMSP-OLS nighttime lights data was solved to improve the emergy spatial detail of city centers. With a case study of Jing-Jin-Ji region, results showed that this method could generate a high-resolution map of emergy use, and depict human disturbance to the environment in a more precise manner. This may provide supportive information for more precise land use planning, strategic layout and policy regulation, and is helpful for regional sustainable development. |
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0304-3800 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2192 |
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Desouhant, E.; Gomes, E.; Mondy, N.; Amat, I. |
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Title |
Mechanistic, ecological, and evolutionary consequences of artificial light at night for insects: review and prospective |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata |
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Entomol Exp Appl |
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167 |
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1 |
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37-58 |
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Animals |
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The alternation of light and dark periods on a daily or seasonal time scale is of utmost importance for the synchronization of physiological and behavioral processes in the environment. For the last 2 decades, artificial light at night (ALAN) has strongly increased worldwide, disrupting the photoperiod and its related physiological processes, and impacting the survival and reproduction of wild animals. ALAN is now considered as a major concern for biodiversity and human health. Here, we present why insects are relevant biological models to investigate the impact of ALAN. First the phenotypic responses to ALAN and their underpinning mechanisms are reviewed. The consequences for population dynamics, and the community composition and functioning are described in the second part. Because ALAN provides new and widespread selective pressure, we inventory evolutionary changes in response to this anthropogenic change. Finally, we identify promising future avenues, focusing on the necessity of understanding evolutionary processes that could help stakeholders consider darkness as a resource to preserve biodiversity as well as numerous ecosystem services in which insects are involved. |
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0013-8703 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2195 |
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Durrant, J.; Green, M.P.; Jones, T.M. |
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Dim artificial light at night reduces the cellular immune response of the black field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Insect Science |
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Insect Sci |
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in press |
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744-7917.12665 |
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Animals |
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A functioning immune system is crucial for protection against disease and illness, yet increasing evidence suggests that species living in urban areas could be suffering from immune suppression, due to the presence of artificial light at night (ALAN). This study examined the effects of ecologically relevant levels of ALAN on three key measures of immune function (haemocyte concentration, lytic activity, and phenoloxidase activity) using a model invertebrate species, the Australian black field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus. We reared crickets under an ecologically relevant daily light-cycle consisting of 12 hr bright daylight (2600 lx) followed by either 12 h darkness (0 lx) or dim environmentally-relevant ALAN (1, 10, 100 lx), and then assessed immune function at multiple time points throughout adult life using haemolymph samples. We found that the presence of ALAN had a clear negative effect on haemocytes, while the effects on lytic activity and phenoloxidase activity were more complex or largely unaffected by ALAN. Furthermore, the effects of lifelong exposure to ALAN of 1 lx were comparable to those of 10 and 100 lx. Our data suggest that the effects of ALAN could be large and widespread, and such reductions in the core immune response of individuals will likely have greater consequences for fitness and survival under more malign conditions, such as those of the natural environment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
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The School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia |
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English |
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1672-9609 |
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PMID:30720239 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2196 |
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Jechow, A. |
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Observing the Impact of WWF Earth Hour on Urban Light Pollution: A Case Study in Berlin 2018 Using Differential Photometry |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
Sustainability |
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Sustainability |
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11 |
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3 |
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750 |
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Skyglow; Remote Sensing |
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Earth Hour is one of the most successful coordinated mass efforts worldwide to raise awareness of environmental issues, with excessive energy consumption being one driver of climate change. The campaign, first organized by the World Wildlife Fund in Australia in 2007, has grown across borders and cultures and was celebrated in 188 countries in 2018. It calls for voluntarily reduction of electricity consumption for a single hour of one day each year. Switching off non-essential electric lights is a central theme and resulted in 17,900 landmarks going dark in 2018. This switch-off of lights during Earth Hour also leads to reduction of light pollution for this specific period. In principle, Earth Hour allows the study of light pollution and the linkage to electricity consumption of lighting. However, quantitative analysis of the impact of Earth Hour on light pollution (and electricity consumption) are sparse, with only a few studies published showing no clear impact or the reverse, suffering from residual twilight and unstable weather conditions. In this work, light pollution measurements during Earth Hour 2018 in an urban park (Tiergarten) in Berlin, Germany, are reported. A novel light measurement method using differential photometry with calibrated digital cameras enables tracking of the switching off and switching back on of the lights of Berlin’s iconic Brandenburg Gate and the buildings of Potsdamer Platz adjacent to the park. Light pollution reduction during the event was measurable, despite the presence of moonlight. Strategies for future work on light pollution using such events are discussed. |
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2071-1050 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2198 |
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Author |
Li, X.; Li, X.; Li, D.; He, X.; Jendryke, M. |
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Title |
A preliminary investigation of Luojia-1 night-time light imagery |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sensing Letters |
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10 |
Issue |
6 |
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526-535 |
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Remote Sensing; Instrumentation |
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Launched on 2 June 2018, Luojia-1 satellite records night-time light imagery at 130 m resolution, which is higher than most of the existing night-time light images to date. This study evaluated radiometric and spatial properties of the Luojia-1 satellite imagery for cities of Los Angeles, Wuhan and Rome as well as the change detection capability for Zunyi city. For the radiometric property, the analysis shows that the Luojia-1 images correlate well with the radiance of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS)’s Day and Night Band (DNB), and that the Luojia-1 images have a wider range of radiance values, as well as higher radiance values (e.g., 40%–90% higher) than the VIIRS DNB images. Using wavelet decomposition and change detection analysis to evaluate spatial property and change detection capability, it was found that the Luojia-1 images provide abundant spatial detail information, with about 20%–54% energy of wavelet component of the images stored in 100–400 m resolutions, and they can help to track the electrification of new roads and buildings at a fine resolution. This study shows that the Luojia-1 images are an effective data source for analysing spatiotemporal distribution of night-time light and its associated socioeconomic attributes. |
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2150-704X |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2199 |
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