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Bonmati-Carrion, M.; Arguelles-Prieto, R.; Martinez-Madrid, M.; Reiter, R.; Hardeland, R.; Rol, M.; Madrid, J. |
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Title |
Protecting the Melatonin Rhythm through Circadian Healthy Light Exposure |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
IJMS |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
23448-23500 |
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Keywords |
human health; chronodisruption; circadian; light at night (LAN); melanopsin; melatonin |
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Abstract |
Currently, in developed countries, nights are excessively illuminated (light at night), whereas daytime is mainly spent indoors, and thus people are exposed to much lower light intensities than under natural conditions. In spite of the positive impact of artificial light, we pay a price for the easy access to light during the night: disorganization of our circadian system or chronodisruption (CD), including perturbations in melatonin rhythm. Epidemiological studies show that CD is associated with an increased incidence of diabetes, obesity, heart disease, cognitive and affective impairment, premature aging and some types of cancer. Knowledge of retinal photoreceptors and the discovery of melanopsin in some ganglion cells demonstrate that light intensity, timing and spectrum must be considered to keep the biological clock properly entrained. Importantly, not all wavelengths of light are equally chronodisrupting. Blue light, which is particularly beneficial during the daytime, seems to be more disruptive at night, and induces the strongest melatonin inhibition. Nocturnal blue light exposure is currently increasing, due to the proliferation of energy-efficient lighting (LEDs) and electronic devices. Thus, the development of lighting systems that preserve the melatonin rhythm could reduce the health risks induced by chronodisruption. This review addresses the state of the art regarding the crosstalk between light and the circadian system. |
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Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain |
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MDPI |
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1422-0067 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1078 |
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Author |
Kopperud, K.L.; Grace, M.S. |
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Title |
Circadian Rhythms of Retinomotor Movement in a Marine Megapredator, the Atlantic Tarpon, Megalops atlanticus |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Mol Sci |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
Animals |
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Abstract |
Many ecologically and economically important marine fish species worldwide spend portions of their lives in coastal regions that are increasingly inundated by artificial light at night. However, while extensive research illustrates the harmful effects of inappropriate light exposure on biological timing in humans, rodents and birds, comparable studies on marine fish are virtually nonexistent. This study aimed to assess the effects of light on biological clock function in the marine fish retina using the Atlantic tarpon (Megalops atlanticus) as a model. Using anti-opsin immunofluorescence, we observed robust rhythms of photoreceptor outer segment position (retinomotor movement) over the course of the daily light-dark cycle: cone outer segments were contracted toward the inner retina and rods were elongated during the day; the opposite occurred at night. Phase shifting the daily light-dark cycle caused a corresponding shift of retinomotor movement timing, and cone retinomotor movement persisted in constant darkness, indicating control by a circadian clock. Constant light abolished retinomotor movements of both photoreceptor types. Thus, abnormally-timed light exposure may disrupt normal M. atlanticus clock function and harm vision, which in turn may affect prey capture and predator avoidance. These results should help inform efforts to mitigate the effects of coastal light pollution on organisms in marine ecosystems. |
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College of Science, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Blvd, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA. mgrace@fit.edu |
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English |
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1422-0067 |
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PMID:28956858 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1738 |
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Author |
Pu, G.; Zeng, D.; Mo, L.; Liao, J.; Chen, X. |
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Title |
Artificial Light at Night Alleviates the Negative Effect of Pb on Freshwater Ecosystems |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Mol Sci |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
6 |
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Keywords |
ecology |
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Artificial light at night (ALAN) is an increasing phenomenon worldwide that can cause a series of biological and ecological effects, yet little is known about its potential interaction with other stressors in aquatic ecosystems. Here, we tested whether the impact of lead (Pb) on litter decomposition was altered by ALAN exposure using an indoor microcosm experiment. The results showed that ALAN exposure alone significantly increased leaf litter decomposition, decreased the lignin content of leaf litter, and altered fungal community composition and structure. The decomposition rate was 51% higher in Pb with ALAN exposure treatments than in Pb without ALAN treatments, resulting in increased microbial biomass, beta-glucosidase (beta-G) activity, and the enhanced correlation between beta-G and litter decomposition rate. These results indicate that the negative effect of Pb on leaf litter decomposition in aquatic ecosystems may be alleviated by ALAN. In addition, ALAN exposure also alters the correlation among fungi associated with leaf litter decomposition. In summary, this study expands our understanding of Pb toxicity on litter decomposition in freshwater ecosystems and highlights the importance of considering ALAN when assessing environmental metal pollutions. |
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College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China. chenxx7276@163.com |
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1422-0067 |
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PMID:30884876; PMCID:PMC6471329 |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2334 |
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