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| Author |
Haim, A.; Shanas, U.; Zubidad, A.E.S.; Scantelbury, M. |
| Title |
Seasonality and Seasons Out of Time--The Thermoregulatory Effects of Light Interference |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
59-66 |
| Keywords |
*Photoperiod; Microtus socialis; voles; thermoregulation; biology; animals |
| Abstract |
The change in photoperiod is the main environmental cue for seasonal function of the reproductive, thermoregulatory, and immune systems in rodents existing outside of the tropics. In Israel, the social vole Microtus socialis breeds mainly under short photoperiod (SP) conditions. Previous studies showed that exposing voles to light interference (LI) in the field during the winter resulted in death. The aim of the current study was to determine the thermoregulatory response of SP-acclimated voles to LI. Therefore, heat production (VO2) at different ambient temperatures (Ta) and nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) were measured. Results show that LI of 15 min every 4h during the dark period significantly (p < 0.02) decreased VO2 at Ta = 15 degrees C and significantly (p < 0.05) decreased NST-capacity. These results can at least partly explain why LI-voles died during the winter under field conditions, through eliminating winter acclimatization of the thermoregulatory system, or what is considered as “seasons out of time.” |
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0742-0528 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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32 |
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| Author |
Kyba, C.C.M.; Hölker, F. |
| Title |
Do artificially illuminated skies affect biodiversity in nocturnal landscapes? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Landscape Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Landscape Ecol |
| Volume |
28 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1637-1640 |
| Keywords |
skyglow; light pollution; biodiversity |
| Abstract |
The skyglow from cities at night is one of the most dramatic modifications that humans have made to Earth’s biosphere, and it is increasingly extending into nocturnal landscapes (nightscapes) far beyond urban areas. This scattered light is dim and homogenous compared to a lit street, but can be bright compared to natural celestial light sources, such as stars. Because of the large area of Earth affected by artificial skyglow, it is essential to verify whether skyglow is a selective pressure in nocturnal landscapes. We propose two scientific approaches that could examine whether skyglow affects biodiversity. |
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0921-2973 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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35 |
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| Author |
Hölker, F.; Wolter, C.; Perkin, E.K.; Tockner, K. |
| Title |
Light pollution as a biodiversity threat |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Trends in Ecology & Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Ecol Evol |
| Volume |
25 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
681-682 |
| Keywords |
*Biodiversity; Biological Clocks; Biological Evolution; Ecosystem; *Environmental Monitoring; *Environmental Pollutants; Light/*adverse effects |
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English |
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0169-5347 |
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PMID:21035893 |
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no |
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IDA @ john @ |
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36 |
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| Author |
RodrÃguez, A.; RodrÃguez, B.; Lucas, M.P. |
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Trends in numbers of petrels attracted to artificial lights suggest population declines in Tenerife, Canary Islands: Rescue campaigns suggest petrel declines |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Ibis |
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154 |
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1 |
Pages |
167-172 |
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birds; petrels; Cory's shearwater; Calonectris diomedea; Bulwer’s Petrel; Bulweria bulwerii; Macaronesian Shearwater; Puffinus baroli; reproductive strategies |
| Abstract |
The secretive breeding behaviour of petrels makes monitoring their breeding populations challenging. To assess population trends of Cory’s Shearwater Calonectris diomedea, Bulwer’s Petrel Bulweria bulwerii and Macaronesian Shearwater Puffinus baroli in Tenerife from 1990 to 2010, we used data from rescue campaigns that aim to reduce the mortality of fledgling petrels attracted to artificial lights as proxies for trends in breeding population size. Despite increases in human population size and light pollution, the number of rescued fledglings of Cory’s Shearwater and Bulwer’s Petrel increased and remained stable, respectively, whereas numbers of rescued Macaronesian Shearwaters sharply declined. In the absence of more accurate population estimates, these results suggest a worrying decline in the Macaronesian Shearwater’s breeding population. |
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0019-1019 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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38 |
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| Author |
Miller, M.W. |
| Title |
Apparent Effects of Light Pollution on Singing Behavior of American Robins |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
The Condor |
Abbreviated Journal |
Condor |
| Volume |
108 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
130 |
| Keywords |
American Robin; birds; light pollution; morning chorus; dawn chorus; song; Turdus migratorius; animals; communication |
| Abstract |
Astronomers consider light pollution to be a growing problem, however few studies have addressed potential effects of light pollution on wildlife. Sunlight is believed to initiate song in many bird species. If light initiates song, then light pollution may be influencing avian song behavior at a population level. This hypothesis predicts that birds breeding in areas with large amounts of artificial light will begin singing earlier in the day than birds in areas with little artificial light. Birds in highly illuminated areas might begin singing earlier than did birds in those same areas in previous years when artificial light levels were known to be, or were presumably, lower. Also, birds should begin singing earlier within a site on brightly lit nights. In 2002 and 2003 I documented initiation of morning song by breeding American Robins (Turdus migratorius) in areas with differing intensity of artificial nocturnal light. I compared my observations among sites and against historical studies. Robin populations in areas with large amounts of artificial light frequently began their morning chorus during true night. Chorus initiation time, relative to civil twilight, was positively correlated with amount of artificial light present during true night. Robin choruses in areas with little, or presumably little, artificial light have almost never begun during true night, instead appearing to track the onset of civil twilight. Proliferation of artificial nocturnal light may be strongly affecting singing behavior of American Robins at a population level. |
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0010-5422 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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39 |
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