| Records |
Author  |
Bender; D.J.; Bayne, E.M.; Brigham, R.M. |
| Title |
Lunar condition influences coyote (canis latrans) howling. |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
American Midland Naturalist |
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136 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
413-417 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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413 |
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| Author |
Benedetto, M.M.; Contin, M.A. |
| Title |
Oxidative Stress in Retinal Degeneration Promoted by Constant LED Light |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Cell. Neurosci. |
| Volume |
13 |
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| Keywords |
Vision; Human Health |
| Abstract |
Light pollution by artificial light, might accelerate retinal diseases and circadian asynchrony. The excess of light exposure is a growing problem in societies, so studies on the consequences of long-term exposure to low levels of light are needed to determine the effects on vision. The possibility to understand the molecular mechanisms of light damage will contribute to the knowledge about visual disorders related to defects in the phototransduction. Several animal models have been used to study retinal degeneration (RD) by light; however, some important aspects remain to be established. Previously, we demonstrated that cool white treatment of 200 lux light-emitting diode (LED) induces retinal transformation with rods and cones cell death and significant changes in opsin expression in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL). Therefore, to further develop describing the molecular pathways of RD, we have examined here the oxidative stress and the fatty acid composition in rat retinas maintained at constant light. We demonstrated the existence of oxidative reactions after 5 days in outer nuclear layer (ONL), corresponding to classical photoreceptors; catalase (CAT) enzyme activity did not show significant differences in all times studied and the fatty acid study showed that docosahexaenoic acid decreased after 4 days. Remarkably, the docosahexaenoic acid diminution showed a correlation with the rise in stearic acid indicating a possible association between them. We assumed that the reduction in docosahexaenoic acid may be affected by the oxidative stress in photoreceptors outer segment which in turn affects the stearic acid composition with consequences in the membrane properties. All these miss-regulation affects the photoreceptor survival through unknown mechanisms involved. We consider that oxidative stress might be one of the pathways implicated in RD promoted by light. |
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1662-5102 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2333 |
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| Author |
Benedetto, M.M.; Guido, M.E.; Contin, M.A. |
| Title |
Non-Visual Photopigments Effects of Constant Light-Emitting Diode Light Exposure on the Inner Retina of Wistar Rats |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Neurology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front Neurol |
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
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Pages |
417 |
| Keywords |
changes in retinal structure; light-emitting diode light; non-visual opsin localization; retinal degeneration models; retinal light damage |
| Abstract |
The retina is part of the central nervous system specially adapted to capture light photons and transmit this information to the brain through photosensitive retinal cells involved in visual and non-visual activities. However, excessive light exposure may accelerate genetic retinal diseases or induce photoreceptor cell (PRC) death, finally leading to retinal degeneration (RD). Light pollution (LP) caused by the characteristic use of artificial light in modern day life may accelerate degenerative diseases or promote RD and circadian desynchrony. We have developed a working model to study RD mechanisms in a low light environment using light-emitting diode (LED) sources, at constant or long exposure times under LP conditions. The mechanism of PRC death is still not fully understood. Our main goal is to study the biochemical mechanisms of RD. We have previously demonstrated that constant light (LL) exposure to white LED produces a significant reduction in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) by classical PRC death after 7 days of LL exposure. The PRCs showed TUNEL-positive labeling and a caspase-3-independent mechanism of cell death. Here, we investigate whether constant LED exposure affects the inner-retinal organization and structure, cell survival and the expression of photopigments; in particular we look into whether constant LED exposure causes the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), of intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs), or of other inner-retinal cells. Wistar rats exposed to 200 lx of LED for 2 to 8 days (LL 2 and LL 8) were processed for histological and protein. The results show no differences in the number of nucleus or TUNEL positive RGCs nor inner structural damage in any of LL groups studied, indicating that LL exposure affects ONL but does not produce RGC death. However, the photopigments melanopsin (OPN4) and neuropsin (OPN5) expressed in the inner retina were seen to modify their localization and expression during LL exposure. Our findings suggest that constant light during several days produces retinal remodeling and ONL cell death as well as significant changes in opsin expression in the inner nuclear layer. |
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Centro de Investigaciones en Quimica Biologica de Cordoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina |
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English |
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1664-2295 |
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PMID:28871236; PMCID:PMC5566984 |
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no |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1711 |
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Benfield, J.A.; Nutt, R.J.; Taff, B.D.; Miller, Z.D.; Costigan, H.; Newman, P. |
| Title |
A laboratory study of the psychological impact of light pollution in National Parks |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Environmental Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Environmental Psychology |
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57 |
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Pages |
67-72 |
| Keywords |
Conservation; Skyglow; Psychology |
| Abstract |
Light pollution is ubiquitous in much of the developed and developing world, including rural and wilderness areas. Other sources of pollution, such as noise or motorized vehicle emissions, are known to impact the perceived quality of natural settings as well as the psychological well-being and satisfaction of visitors to those locations, but the effects of light pollution on visitors to natural settings is largely unstudied. Using experimental manipulations of light pollution levels in virtual reality simulations of three U.S. National Parks, the current study aimed to provide initial evidence of an effect on visitors. Results show that light pollution impacts a range of psychological and scene evaluation dimensions but that pristine night skies are not necessarily viewed as the ideal, likely due to being viewed as unfamiliar or unrealistic because so few have experienced the true baseline. |
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0272-4944 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1941 |
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| Author |
Bengsen, Andrew J; Leung, Luke K P; Lapidge, Steven J; Gordon, Iain J |
| Title |
Artificial illumination reduces bait-take by small rainforest mammals |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
127 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
66-72 |
| Keywords |
animals; field experiment; predation risk |
| Abstract |
Small mammals often moderate their foraging behaviour in response to cues indicating a high local predation risk. We assessed the ability of cues associated with a high predation risk to reduce the consumption of bait by non-target small mammal species in a tropical rainforest, without inhibiting bait-take by feral pigs (Sus scrofa). The illumination of feeding stations with a low power light source caused small mammals to reduce their foraging intensity on sunflower seeds mixed through sand by 25% (P< 0.001) and on unprocessed corn-based feral pig bait by 80% (P< 0.001). Illumination also reduced the intensity with which small mammals fed on commercially manufactured baits (odds ratio. = 6.17, P= 0.009). Illumination did not cause pigs to reduce their intake of corn bait (P= 0.43). Neither pig nor dingo (Canis lupus dingo) vocalisations had any detectable effect on the foraging intensity of small mammals (P> 0.05 for all treatments). We conclude that site illumination was an effective method of selectively deterring small mammals from consuming feral pig baits in our study region, but had no effect on consumption of those baits by pigs. |
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LoNNe @ schroer @ |
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1577 |
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