| Records |
Author  |
Amano, T.; Ripperger, J.A.; Albrecht, U. |
| Title |
Changing the light schedule in late pregnancy alters birth timing in mice |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Theriogenology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Theriogenology |
| Volume |
in press |
Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
In rats, birth timing is affected by changes in the light schedule until the middle of the pregnancy period. This phenomenon can be used to control birth timing in the animal industry and/or clinical fields. However, changes in the light schedule until the middle of the pregnancy period can damage the fetus by affecting the development of the major organs. Thus, we compared birth timing in mice kept under a 12-h light/12-h darkness schedule (L/D) throughout pregnancy with that of mice kept under a light schedule that changed from L/D to constant light (L/L) or constant darkness (D/D) from day 17.5 of pregnancy, the latter phase of the pregnancy period. On average, the pregnancy period was longer in D/D mice (19.9 days) than L/L or L/D mice (19.5 and 19.3 days, respectively, P < 0.05), confirming that light schedule affects birth timing. The average number of newborns was the same in L/L, L/D, and D/D mice (7.5, 7.8, and 7.9, respectively), but the average newborn weight of L/L mice (1.3 g) was lower than that of L/D and D/D mice (both 1.4 g, P < 0.05), indicating that constant light has detrimental effects on fetus growth. However, the percentage of dead newborns was the same between L/L, L/D, and D/D mice (11.1, 10.6, and 3.6%, respectively). The serum progesterone level on day 18.5 of pregnancy in L/D mice was 42.8 ng/ml, lower (P < 0.05) than that of D/D mice (65.3 ng/ml), suggesting that light schedule affects luteolysis. The average pregnancy period of mice lacking a circadian clock kept under D/D conditions from day 17.5 of pregnancy (KO D/D) (20.3 days) was delayed compared with wild-type (WT) D/D mice (P < 0.05). However, the average number of newborns, percentage of births with dead pups, and weight per newborn of KO D/D mice (7.6, 3.6%, and 1.4 g, respectively) were the same as WT mice kept under D/D conditions. A direct effect of the circadian clock on the mechanism(s) regulating birth timing was questionable, as the lighter average weight per KO fetus (0.6 g) versus WT fetus (0.7 g) on day 17.5 of pregnancy might have caused the delay in birth. The range of birth timing in KO D/D mice was the same as that of WT D/D mice, indicating that the circadian clock does not concentrate births at one time. |
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0093691X |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2943 |
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| Author |
Amaral, S.; Câmara, G.; Monteiro, A.M.V.; Quintanilha, J.A.; Elvidge, C.D. |
| Title |
Estimating population and energy consumption in Brazilian Amazonia using DMSP night-time satellite data |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Computers, Environment and Urban Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Computers, Environment and Urban Systems |
| Volume |
29 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
179-195 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
This paper describes a methodology to assess the evidence of human presence and humanactivities in the Brazilian Amazonia region using DMSP/OLS night-time satellite sensorimagery. It consists on exploring the potential of the sensor data for regional studies analysingthe correlation between DMSP night-time light foci and population, and the correlation be-tween DMSP night-time light foci and electrical power consumption. In the mosaic of DMSP/OLS night-time light imagery from September 1999, 248 towns were detected from a total of749municıpiosin Amazonia. It was found that the night-time light foci were related to human presence in the region, including urban settlements, mining, industries, and civil construction,observed in ancillary Landsat TM and JERS imagery data. The analysis considering only thestate of Para revealed a linear relation (R2¼0:79) between urban population from the 1996census data and DMSP night-time light foci. Similarly, electrical power consumption for 1999was linearly correlated with DMSP night-time light foci. Thus the DMSP/OLS imagery can beused as an indicator of human presence in the analysis of spatial–temporal patterns in theAmazonia region. These results are very useful considering the continental dimension ofAmazonia, the absence of demographic information between the official population census(every 10 years), and the dynamics and complexity of human activities in the region. ThereforeDMSP night-time light foci are a valuable data source for global studies, modelling, and planning activities when the human dimension must be considered throughout Amazonia. |
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0198-9715 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2221 |
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| Author |
Amaral, S.; Monteiro, A.M.V.; Camara, G.; Quintanilha, J.A. |
| Title |
DMSP/OLS night-time light imagery for urban population estimates in the Brazilian Amazon |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
International Journal of Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
International Journal of Remote Sensing |
| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
855-870 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
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0143-1161 |
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no |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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701 |
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| Author |
Amavilah, V.H. |
| Title |
Artificial nighttime lights and the “real” well-being of nations : “Measuring economic growth from outer space” and welfare from right here on Earth |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Economics and Political Economy |
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5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
209-218 |
| Keywords |
Economics; Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
GDP remains too much of an imprecise measure of the standard of living. There
is a need for either substitutes or complements. Nighttime lights are a reasonable indicator of the extent, scale, and intensity of socio-economic activities, but a poor measure of national welfare. However, if nighttime lights are understood to constitute externalities, then their effects can be used to adjust measured growth for welfare. From that angle, nighttime lights appear to exert sub-optimal positive externalities in developing countries, and supra-optimal negative externality in developed countries. This means that even if we assume equal growth rates in developing and developed countries, welfare is enhanced by increasing nighttime lights in developing countries and reduced by increasing nighttime lights in developed countries. |
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English |
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no |
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NC @ ehyde3 @ |
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2099 |
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| Author |
Amichai, E.; Kronfeld-Schor, N. |
| Title |
Artificial Light at Night Promotes Activity Throughout the Night in Nesting Common Swifts (Apus apus) |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
11052 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
The use of artificial light at night (ALAN) is a rapidly expanding anthropogenic effect that transforms nightscapes throughout the world, causing light pollution that affects ecosystems in a myriad of ways. One of these is changing or shifting activity rhythms, largely synchronized by light cues. We used acoustic loggers to record and quantify activity patterns during the night of a diurnal bird – the common swift – in a nesting colony exposed to extremely intensive artificial illumination throughout the night at Jerusalem's Western Wall. We compared that to activity patterns at three other colonies exposed to none, medium, or medium-high ALAN. We found that in the lower-intensity ALAN colonies swifts ceased activity around sunset, later the more intense the lighting. At the Western Wall, however, swifts remained active throughout the night. This may have important implications for the birds' physiology, breeding cycle, and fitness, and may have cascading effects on their ecosystems. |
| Address |
School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel |
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English |
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2045-2322 |
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| Notes |
PMID:31363144 |
Approved |
no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2594 |
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