| |
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Walch, O.J.; Cochran, A.; Forger, D.B. |
|
| |
Title |
A global quantification of “normal” sleep schedules using smartphone data |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Science Advances |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science Advances |
|
| |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages  |
e1501705-e1501705 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Human Health; Sleep; *Circadian Rhythm; smartphone; society |
|
| |
Abstract |
The influence of the circadian clock on sleep scheduling has been studied extensively in the laboratory; however, the effects of society on sleep remain largely unquantified. We show how a smartphone app that we have developed, ENTRAIN, accurately collects data on sleep habits around the world. Through mathematical modeling and statistics, we find that social pressures weaken and/or conceal biological drives in the evening, leading individuals to delay their bedtime and shorten their sleep. A country’s average bedtime, but not average wake time, predicts sleep duration. We further show that mathematical models based on controlled laboratory experiments predict qualitative trends in sunrise, sunset, and light level; however, these effects are attenuated in the real world around bedtime. Additionally, we find that women schedule more sleep than men and that users reporting that they are typically exposed to outdoor light go to sleep earlier and sleep more than those reporting indoor light. Finally, we find that age is the primary determinant of sleep timing, and that age plays an important role in the variability of population-level sleep habits. This work better defines and personalizes “normal†sleep, produces hypotheses for future testing in the laboratory, and suggests important ways to counteract the global sleep crisis. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2375-2548 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
LoNNe @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1440 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Moran, D.; Softley, R.; Warrant, E.J. |
|
| |
Title |
The energetic cost of vision and the evolution of eyeless Mexican cavefish |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Science Advances |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science Advances |
|
| |
Volume |
1 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
e1500363-e1500363 |
|
| |
Keywords |
vision; animals |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2375-2548 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
LoNNe @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1264 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Kim, K.-M.; Kim, Y.-W.; Oh, S.-T.; Lim, J.-H. |
|
| |
Title |
Development of a natural light reproduction system for maintaining the circadian rhythm |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Indoor and Built Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Indoor and Built Environment |
|
| |
Volume |
in press |
Issue |
|
Pages |
1420326X19855421 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Lighting; Human Health; Circadian Rhythm; indoor light |
|
| |
Abstract |
Circadian rhythm is linked to sleep, arousal and human health overall, affecting body temperature and heart rate. A 24-h natural-light cycle provides optimum lighting environment for humans. However, as people increasingly stay indoors with artificial lighting, lacking periodic characteristics, imbalance in the circadian rhythm ensues. Previous lighting-related studies to resolve such problem partially provided the colour temperatures of natural light but failed to reproduce the 24-h periodic characteristics of it. This study proposes a natural light-reproducing system that provides the daylight cycle characteristics of natural light in order to maintain the circadian rhythm. Natural light was measured through an optical measurement equipment, while the characteristics (colour temperature and short-wavelength ratio) of natural light by season and time were analysed. Subsequently, the control indicator of seasonal and hourly lighting was extracted and applied to the light-emitting diode lighting to provide lighting service, executing a daylight cycle that reflects the characteristics of natural light. After the sunset, especially, the circadian rhythm was maintained by minimizing the short-wavelength ratio of the lighting while maintaining indoor illumination. |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan-si, South Korea |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
Sage |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1420-326X |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2591 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Pilorz, V.; Tam, S.K.E.; Hughes, S.; Pothecary, C.A.; Jagannath, A.; Hankins, M.W.; Bannerman, D.M.; Lightman, S.L.; Vyazovskiy, V.V.; Nolan, P.M.; Foster, R.G.; Peirson, S.N. |
|
| |
Title |
Melanopsin Regulates Both Sleep-Promoting and Arousal-Promoting Responses to Light |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
PLoS Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS Biol |
|
| |
Volume |
14 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
e1002482 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Human health; melanopsin; sleep; circadian rhythm |
|
| |
Abstract |
Light plays a critical role in the regulation of numerous aspects of physiology and behaviour, including the entrainment of circadian rhythms and the regulation of sleep. These responses involve melanopsin (OPN4)-expressing photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) in addition to rods and cones. Nocturnal light exposure in rodents has been shown to result in rapid sleep induction, in which melanopsin plays a key role. However, studies have also shown that light exposure can result in elevated corticosterone, a response that is not compatible with sleep. To investigate these contradictory findings and to dissect the relative contribution of pRGCs and rods/cones, we assessed the effects of light of different wavelengths on behaviourally defined sleep. Here, we show that blue light (470 nm) causes behavioural arousal, elevating corticosterone and delaying sleep onset. By contrast, green light (530 nm) produces rapid sleep induction. Compared to wildtype mice, these responses are altered in melanopsin-deficient mice (Opn4-/-), resulting in enhanced sleep in response to blue light but delayed sleep induction in response to green or white light. We go on to show that blue light evokes higher Fos induction in the SCN compared to the sleep-promoting ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO), whereas green light produced greater responses in the VLPO. Collectively, our data demonstrates that nocturnal light exposure can have either an arousal- or sleep-promoting effect, and that these responses are melanopsin-mediated via different neural pathways with different spectral sensitivities. These findings raise important questions relating to how artificial light may alter behaviour in both the work and domestic setting. |
|
| |
Address |
Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; stuart.peirson(at)eye.ox.ac.uk (SNP); russell.foster(at)eye.ox.ac.uk (RGF). |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
PLOS |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1544-9173 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:27276063; PMCID:PMC4898879 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1490 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
van Diepen, H.C.; Foster, R.G.; Meijer, J.H. |
|
| |
Title |
A colourful clock |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
PLoS Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS Biol |
|
| |
Volume |
13 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e1002160 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Commentary; *Circadian Rhythm; suprachiasmatic nuclei; melanopsin; retinal ganglion cells; entrainment; photoperiod |
|
| |
Abstract |
Circadian rhythms are an essential property of life on Earth. In mammals, these rhythms are coordinated by a small set of neurons, located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). The environmental light/dark cycle synchronizes (entrains) the SCN via a distinct pathway, originating in a subset of photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) that utilize the photopigment melanopsin (OPN4). The pRGCs are also innervated by rods and cones and, so, are both endogenously and exogenously light sensitive. Accumulating evidence has shown that the circadian system is sensitive to ultraviolet (UV), blue, and green wavelengths of light. However, it was unclear whether colour perception itself can help entrain the SCN. By utilizing both behavioural and electrophysiological recording techniques, Walmsley and colleagues show that multiple photic channels interact and enhance the capacity of the SCN to synchronize to the environmental cycle. Thus, entrainment of the circadian system combines both environmental irradiance and colour information to ensure that internal and external time are appropriately aligned. |
|
| |
Address |
Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University medical School, Leiden, The Netherlands |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
PLOS |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1544-9173 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:25996907; PMCID:PMC4440787 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
Serial |
1183 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
