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| Author |
Einfalt, L.M.; Grace, E.J.; Wahl, D.H. |
| Title |
Effects of simulated light intensity, habitat complexity and forage type on predator–prey interactions in walleye Sander vitreus |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Ecology of Freshwater Fish |
Abbreviated Journal |
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21 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
560–569 |
| Keywords |
Animals; habitat; light intensity; predator–prey interactions; walleye |
| Abstract |
Predator-prey interactions can be influenced by the behaviour of individual species as well as environmental factors. We conducted laboratory experiments to test for the influences of two abiotic factors (light intensity and habitat complexity) on predator–prey interactions between walleye Sander vitreus and two prey species, bluegill Lepomis macrochirus and golden shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas. Three light intensities were simulated (day, twilight and night) in the presence or absence of simulated vegetation. Observations of predator behaviour indicated that walleye increased activity and foraging success with decreasing light levels and had most success capturing dispersed, closer prey. While schooling could not be maintained as light levels diminished, prey decreased predation vulnerability by moving into vegetation or higher in the water column. Throughout all treatments, bluegill were more evasive to capture as the number of strikes was similar on both prey but capture rates were higher for golden shiner. Although light intensity and simulated habitat complexity affected predator and prey behaviour, these factors did not interact to influence foraging success of walleye. To fully understand predator and prey behaviours in fishes, an understanding of species-specific responses to abiotic and biotic factors is necessary. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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Kate, N.N.; Chandrasekhar, M.; Kondam, A.; Kayalvizhi, E.; Suresh, M.; Kavitha, U. |
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A study on effect of altered circadian rhythm in the development of obesity |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Int J Biol Med Res |
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3 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1595 – 1601 |
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Animals |
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Background: Most living things have a daily cycle that reflects the rising and setting of the sun. A variety of studies have demonstrated that retinal light exposure can increase alertness at night. The global increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders coincides with the increase of exposure to light at night (LAN) and shift work. The circadian clock prepares individuals for predictable events such as food availability and sleep, and disruption of clock function causes circadian and metabolic disturbances. Aim: To determine whether a causal relationship exists between night time light exposure behavioral changes and obesity. Methods: In this experiment 18 Swiss–albino male mice were divided into three groups i.e. Continuous light exposure (CL), light at night (LAN), standard (LD) light/dark cycle (control) and the effect of altered circadian rhythm on development of obesity and behavioral changes is seen. The body mass was assessed at the end of eight weeks to find out whether there was any correlation between the three variants. Results: Mice housed in continuous light (CL) or LAN have significantly increased body mass and increased prevalence of day time eating and altered behavioral pattern than mice in a standard (LD) light/dark cycle. Conclusion: These results suggest that light at night disrupt the timing of food intake and other metabolic signals, leading to excess weight gain. Melatonin is vital to this process, mediating the seasonal photoperiodic information through the clock system. Disrupting the melatonin signal or increasing the duration of light leads to changes in metabolism and adiposity consistent with fat storage and insulin resistance. These data are relevant to the coincidence between increasing use of light at night and obesity in humans (night shift worker). |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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390 |
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La, V.T. |
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Diurnal and Nocturnal Birds Vocalize at Night: A Review. |
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2012 |
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The Condor |
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114 |
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245-257 |
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Animals |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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391 |
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Li, M.-D.; Li, C.-M.; Wang, Z. |
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The Role of Circadian Clocks in Metabolic Disease |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine |
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85 |
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3 |
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387–401 |
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Animals; circadian clocks; metabolism; metabolic disease |
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The circadian clock is a highly conserved timing system, resonating physiological processes to 24-hour environmental cycles. Circadian misalignment is emerging as a risk factor of metabolic disease. The molecular clock resides in all metabolic tissues, the dysfunction of which is associated with perturbed energy metabolism. In this article, we will review current knowledge about molecular mechanisms of the circadian clock and the role of clocks in the physiology and pathophysiology of metabolic tissues. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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392 |
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Nowinszky, L.; Kiss, O.; Szentkirályi, F.; Puskás, J.; Ladányi, M. |
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Influence of illumination and polarized moonlight on light-trap catch of caddisflies (Trichoptera). |
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2012 |
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Research Journal of Biology |
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2 |
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79-90 |
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Animals |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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393 |
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