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| Author |
Glass, J.; Ryan, P. |
| Title |
Reduced seabird night strikes and mortality in the Tristan rock lobster fishery |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication  |
African Journal of Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
African Journal of Marine Science |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
589-592 |
| Keywords |
storm petrels; Pelagodroma marina; Fregetta grallaria; Fregetta tropica; common diving petrel; Pelecanoides urinatrix; broad-billed prion; Pachyptila vittata; Tristan rock lobster; Jasus tristani; seabirds; birds; collision; Gough Island; Tristan |
| Abstract |
The main impact of the fishery for Tristan rock lobster Jasus tristani on seabirds at the Tristan archipelago and Gough Island is through night strikes, when petrels collide with a ship after being disorientated by its lights. Tristan fishery observers have kept records of night strikes on the MV Edinburgh since the 2010/2011 fishing season. Over the last three years, 723 seabirds from nine species were recorded coming aboard the fishing vessel, with at least 39 (5.4%) birds dying as a result. Birds killed were broad-billed prions Pachyptila vittata (41%), common diving petrels Pelecanoides urinatrix (23%), and storm petrels (Pelagodroma marina and Fregetta grallaria/tropica 36%). All these species are listed as Least Concern globally, and the numbers killed per year are <0.1% of the island populations. The captain and crew of the Edinburgh are aware of the problem posed by deck lights at night, and attempt to keep external lighting to a minimum. As a result, the numbers of birds coming aboard vessels in this fishery have decreased from an average of 130 birds per night in 1989 to less than two birds per night in 2010–2013. Currently, most incidents occur during exceptional events when circumstances require deck lights to be lit at night. Consideration should be given to banning fishing operations at night, at least on misty nights. |
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1814-232X |
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IDA @ john @ |
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53 |
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| Author |
Shen, J.; Tower, J. |
| Title |
Effects of light on aging and longevity |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Ageing Research Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ageing Res Rev |
| Volume |
53 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100913 |
| Keywords |
Human Health; Review; Aging; longevity |
| Abstract |
Increasing evidence suggests an important role for light in regulation of aging and longevity. UV radiation is a mutagen that can promote aging and decrease longevity. In contrast, NIR light has shown protective effects in animal disease models. In invertebrates, visible light can shorten or extend lifespan, depending on the intensity and wavelength composition. Visible light also impacts human health, including retina function, sleep, cancer and psychiatric disorders. Possible mechanisms of visible light include: controlling circadian rhythms, inducing oxidative stress, and acting through the retina to affect neuronal circuits and systems. Changes in artificial lighting (e.g., LEDs) may have implications for human health. It will be important to further explore the mechanisms of how light affects aging and longevity, and how light affects human health. |
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Molecular and Computational Biology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089-2910, United States |
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English |
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1568-1637 |
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PMID:31154014 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2514 |
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Vinogradova, I.A.; Anisimov, V.N.; Bukalev, A.V.; Ilyukha, V.A.; Khizhkin, E.A.; Lotosh, T.A.; Semenchenko, A.V.; Zabezhinski, M.A. |
| Title |
Circadian disruption induced by light-at-night accelerates aging and promotes tumorigenesis in young but not in old rats |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
AGING |
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2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
82-92 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Light-at-night; life span; tumorigenesis; rats |
| Abstract |
We evaluated the effect of exposure to constant light started at the age of 1 month and at the age of 14 months on the survival, life span, tumorigenesis and age-related dynamics of antioxidant enzymes activity in various organs in comparison to the rats maintained at the standard (12:12 light/dark) light/dark regimen. We found that exposure to constant light started at the age of 1 month accelerated spontaneous tumorigenesis and shortened life span both in male and female rats as compared to the standard regimen. At the same time, the exposure to constant light started at the age of 14 months failed to influence survival of male and female rats. While delaying tumors in males, constant light accelerated tumors in females. We conclude that circadian disruption induced by light-at-night started at the age of 1 month accelerates aging and promotes tumorigenesis in rats, however failed affect survival when started at the age of 14 months. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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401 |
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Vinogradova, I.A.; Anisimov, V.N.; Bukalev, A.V.; Semenchenko, A.V.; Zabezhinski, M.A. |
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Circadian disruption induced by light-at-night accelerates aging and promotes tumorigenesis in rats |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
AGING |
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10 |
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1 |
Pages |
855-865 |
| Keywords |
Animals; light-at-night; life span; tumorigenesis; rats |
| Abstract |
We evaluated the effect of various light/dark regimens on the survival, life span and tumorigenesis in rats. Two hundred eight male and 203 females LIO rats were subdivided into 4 groups and kept at various light/dark regimens: standard 12:12 light/dark (LD); natural lighting of the North-West of Russia (NL); constant light (LL), and constant darkness (DD) since the age of 25 days until natural death. We found that exposure to NL and LL regimens accelerated development of metabolic syndrome and spontaneous tumorigenesis, shortened life span both in male and females rats as compared to the standard LD regimen. We conclude that circadian disruption induced by light-at-night accelerates aging and promotes tumorigenesis in rats. This observation supports the conclusion of the International Agency Research on Cancer that shift-work that involves circadian disruption is probably carcinogenic to humans. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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403 |
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Briggs, R. C. |
| Title |
Why does aid not target the poorest? |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
AIDDATA |
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Remote Sensing |
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Foreign aid projects typically have local effects, so if they are to reduce poverty then they need to be placed close to the poor. I show that, conditional on local population, World Bank (WB) project aid targets richer parts of countries. This relationship holds over time and across world regions. I test five explanations for pro-rich targeting using a pre-registered conjoint experiment on WB task team leaders (TTLs). TTLs perceive aid-receiving governments as most interested in targeting aid politically and controlling implementation. They also believe that aid works better in poorer or more remote areas, but that implementation in these areas is uniquely difficult. These results speak to debates in distributive politics, international bargaining over aid, and principal-agent issues in international organizations. The results also suggest that tweaks to WB incentive structures to make ease of project implementation less important may encourage aid to flow to poorer parts of countries. |
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IDA @ intern @ |
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2719 |
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